Figure 3 - uploaded by Zdeněk Palice
Content may be subject to copyright.
Puttea margaritella . A. Paraphyses. B. Asci. C. Ascal apices. D. Ascospores. E. Covering layer of hymenium. F. Dry apothecia. G. Detail showing the emarginate habit. H. Detail from the margin of the hymenium. I. Detail showing the orientation and covering layer of flank excipulum. From Lesonen 98 ( TUR ). Scale bars: A–E, H, I 5 20 m m. F, G 5 200 m m.
Source publication
A new genus Puttea S. Stenroos & Huhtinen is described for the lichen species formerly known as Fellhanera margaritella (Hulting) Hafellner. The study was based on phylogenetic analyses of the mtSSU as well as on anatomical and ecological investigations. Puttea is characterized by its inconspicuous thallus, gelatinized exipulum of radiating hyphae,...
Citations
... This species has been included in Lecanora (see Holien et al. 2016), but a thalline margin is absent and the asci are not characteristic of that genus; its affinities require further study. It was found to cluster with Puttea in a poorly understood clade within the Lecanorales by Stenroos et al. (2009) but it does not appear to belong to that genus. British collections may not be conspecific with "Lecidea" hypopta and appear to be referable to Lecanora phaeostigma (Körb.) ...
Downloads can be obtained from the British Lichen Society website at https://www.britishlichensociety.org.uk/content/lgbi3
... Epiphytic lecideoid taxa represent a polyphyletic group of species (Pérez-Ortega et al. 2010;Schmull et al. 2011;Miadlikowska et al. 2014) whose taxonomy and systematics have been partially clarified in recent decades, giving rise to a large number of new genera, such as Japewia Tønsberg (Tønsberg 1990), Japewiella Printzen (Printzen 1999 (Kantvilas & Elix 1994), Puttea S. Stenroos & Huhtinen (Stenroos et al. 2009), Australidea Kantvilas et al. (Kantvilas et al. 2021) and Myochroidea Printzen et al. (Printzen et al. 2008). ...
The new genus Nimisora Pérez-Ort., M. Svenss. & J. C. Zamora is introduced to accommodate a puzzling lecideoid epiphyte common in the central Iberian Peninsula. Nimisora is characterized by the following combination of characters: lecideoid apothecia, excipulum composed of sparingly branched radiating hyphae with narrow lumina, thick walls and swollen terminal cells, the presence of a brown K+ olivaceous green pigment in the epihymenium, an ascus tip similar to the Bacidia -type, and the presence of simple ellipsoid ascospores. Molecular analyses based on nrITS, nrLSU and mtSSU sequences unequivocally place the new genus within the Lecanoraceae ; however, its phylogenetic affinities with other genera of the family remain largely unresolved. Comparisons with the morphologically closest genera are provided. The single species of the genus, Nimisora iberica Pérez-Ort., Turégano, M. Svenss. & J. C. Zamora sp. nov., is also described as new to science.
... In addition to B. cinerea, whole genomes have been sequenced for other phytopathogenic discomycetes in Sclerotiniaceae, such as Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Amselem et al. 2011), Sclerotinia borealis (Mardanov et al. 2014 (Lv et al. 2021). Draft genomes have also been provided for Drepanopeziza brunnea (Zhu et al. 2012), Diplocarpon rosae (Neu et al. 2017), Oculimacula yallundae (Sheng & Murray 2017), Gremmeniella abietina (Hamelin et al. 1993), and Coccomyces strobi (Stajich 2018a). Comparative fungal genome analysis for identifying virulence factors in Scleromitrula borealis, Drepanopeziza brunnea, Diplocarpon rosae, Monilinia fructicola, Monilinia fructigena and Monilinia laxa have been started (Neu & Debener 2019, Ren et al. 2020, Lv et al. 2021), but not yet for Gremmeniella abietina, Coccomyces strobi and Oculimacula yallundae (Hamelin et al. 1993). ...
Lestari AS, Ekanayaka AH, Chethana KWT 2023-Phytopathogenic discomycetes, their economic impacts and control applications. Abstract Discomycetes is an artificial group in Ascomycota, comprising fungal species bearing saucer-, cup-or disc-like ascoma. There are many records of phytopathogenic discomycetes causing diseases in a wide range of vascular and non-vascular plants worldwide. In this review, we present phytopathogenic, discomycetous fungal taxa and provide notes on representative species, their economic importance and available management strategies. Phytopathogenic discomycetes are found in six classes of fungi, Dothideomycetes (distributed across three orders, two families and seven genera), Eurotiomycetes (across two orders, two families and two genera), Lecanoromycetes (across three orders, three families and four genera), Leotiomycetes (across nine orders, 23 families and 104 genera) and Pezizomycetes (across one order, seven families and 18 genera). The survival and completion of the life cycle of these discomycetes depend on their mode of parasitism on plant hosts in terrestrial habitats, including man-made landscapes (i.e., agricultural areas) and natural environments (i.e., forests). Agricultural and forest plant commodities are impacted by biotrophic, hemibiotrophic and necrotrophic discomycetes. Due to the complexity of their life cycles, many species have not yet been discovered and documented. Thus, this study can provide the foundation for comprehensive future studies into their taxonomy, physiology and host interactions.
... Hafellner 1984;Timdal 1984;Hertel & Rambold 1987Kantvilas & Elix 1994;Printzen 1995Printzen , 1999Rodriguez Flakus 2020), and, more recently, with the added phylogenetic evidence from DNA sequence data (e.g. Printzen & Kantvilas 2004;Printzen et al. 2008;Stenroos et al. 2009;Kalb et al. 2011;Schmull et al. 2011;Rodriguez Flakus & Printzen 2014;Spribille et al. 2020). Thus, Lecidea in the strictest sense is today considered an exclusively saxicolous genus, characterized by, inter alia, distinctive 8-spored asci (Lecidea-type, after Hafellner (1984)) with simple, hyaline, non-halonate ascospores (e.g. ...
The new genus Australidea Kantvilas, Wedin & M. Svensson is described to accommodate Lecidea canorufescens Kremp., a widespread lichen in temperate Australasia. It is characterized by a crustose thallus with a green photobiont, reddish brown, biatorine apothecia with an internally hyaline, cupulate proper exciple constructed of branched and anastomosing hyphae, mainly simple paraphyses, 8-spored, Porpidia-type asci and simple, hyaline, non-halonate ascospores. A phylogenetic analysis places the new genus in the family Malmideaceae. Lecidea canorufescens Kremp., L. glandulosa C. Knight, L. immarginata R. Br. ex Cromb. and L. intervertens Nyl. are lectotypified. These names, plus L. dacrydii Müll. Arg. and L. eucheila Zahlbr., are all synonyms of Australidea canorufescens (Kremp.) Kantvilas, Wedin & M. Svensson comb. nov. Several genera superficially similar to Australidea, including Malcolmiella Vĕzda, Malmidea Kalb et al. and Myochroidea Printzen et al., are compared. A comprehensive anatomical and morphological description of the genus Malcolmiella, recorded for Tasmania for the first time, is also provided. The new combination M. interversa (Nyl.) Kantvilas, Wedin & M. Svensson is introduced and the names M. cinereovirens Vĕzda and M. cinereovirens var. isidiata Vĕzda are reduced to synonyms. The systematic position of this genus remains unclear, although phylogenetic analysis suggests its affinities lie with a group of genera that includes Bryobilimbia Fryday et al., Romjularia Timdal and Clauzadea Hafellner & Bellem.
... During the last 40 years, considerable progress has been made in the taxonomy of lecideoid lichens, including revisions of non-saxicolous species (growing on bark, wood, humus, or bryophytes) of Lecidea s. lat. The mainstream research has been focused mainly on the Northern Hemisphere lecideoid species either in monographic revisions (e.g., Coppins 1983, Tønsberg 1992, Hafellner 1993, Printzen 1995, Ekman 1996 or smaller publications (e.g., Timdal 1984, 1987, Tønsberg 1990, Printzen 1999, Printzen & Tønsberg 1999, Kantvilas & Elix 1994, Printzen & Kantvilas 2004, Printzen et al. 2008, Stenroos et al. 2009, Sérusiaux et al. 2010, Kantvilas 2011, Bendiksby & Timdal 2013. So far, the South American continent has received less attention and only a few species were revised (e.g., Hertel 1971, Kalb 1982, Kalb et al. 2011, Fryday 2009, Fryday & Øvstedal 2012, Rodriguez Flakus & Printzen 2014, Rodriguez-Flakus 2018. ...
Lecidea Ach. in its broad sense, is one of the largest and most heterogeneous genus of lichenized fungi with a worldwide distribution and with diversity hotspots located in the temperate and polar regions. The genus belongs to a crust-like microlichen group and inhabits many different substrates (e.g., bark, rock, wood, soil, mosses). Lecidea does not form a coherent systematic entity, and previous studies have revealed it as a polyphyletic assemblage with species spread across various families within the Lecanoromycetes. The present study is a modern taxonomic revision of southern South America non-saxicolous lecideoid lichens based on morphological, anatomical and chemical characters. A total of 27 species belonging to ten genera are recognized. The current study reveals a substantial, previously hidden, diversity of lichens in Valdivian temperate and Magellanic subpolar forests; increasing the number of known lecideoid lichens in the studied area. Many new regional records are also reported including six species new to South America (Bryobilimbia hypnorum, Hertelidea botryosa, H. eucalypti, Japewiella tavaresiana, Placynthiella oligotropha, and Ramboldia brunneocarpa). The following species are here described as new to science: Bryobilimbia flakusii Rodr. Flakus sp. nov. (Argentina), B. pallida Rodr. Flakus sp. nov. (Argentina, Chile), Hertelidea printzenii Rodr. Flakus sp. nov. (Argentina), H. stipitata Rodr. Flakus sp. nov. (Argentina, Chile), “Lecidea” vobisii Rodr. Flakus sp. nov. (Argentina), and Ramboldia australis Rodr. Flakus sp. nov. (Argentina, Chile). All species are described and illustrated in detail, and an identification key to the species is provided. In addition, as a result of a revision of available type material, a list of 48 additional species excluded from this study, including brief remarks on their taxonomical affiliations, is provided.
... When describing this species, Coppins and Aptroot (2008) assigned it to Fellhanera on account of its similarity to F. margaritella (Hulting) Hafellner. Subsequently, F. margaritella was transferred to Puttea by Stenroos et al. (2009). Puttea was initially monotypic, but Stenroos et al. listed several other candidates for inclusion, of which two were later combined into the genus: P. exsequens (Nyl.) ...
... According to Coppins and Aptroot (2008), the exciple of P. duplex is paraplectenchymatous, which would be consistent with a placement in Fellhanera (Lücking 2008), while Puttea margaritella (the type species of that genus) has a strongly gelatinized exciple composed of branched, parallel hyphae (Stenroos et al. 2009). Although the exciple of P. duplex is often poorly developed and difficult to observe, we found that it is in fact quite similar to that of P. margaritella, being strongly gelatinized and consisting of dichotomously branched hyphae with narrowly cylindrical cell lumina. ...
We present taxonomic, distributional and ecological notes on Fennoscandian crustose lichens and lichenicolous fungi, based on new collections as well as revision of herbarium material. Two new combinations are proposed: Frutidella furfuracea comb. nov. for F. pullata and Puttea duplex comb. nov. for Fellhanera duplex. Lecidea byssoboliza, L. carneoglauca and Variolaria torta are all reduced to synonymy with Bacidia antricola, Bacidia invertens is synonymized with B. igniarii, B. atrolivida with Mycobilimbia tetramera, and Gyalidea fruticola with Thelenella pertusariella. A new description is provided for Micarea hylocomii. 25 species of lichens and lichenicolous fungi are reported as new to Finland, Norway and/or Sweden: Absconditella lignicola (Norway), Bacidia antricola (Norway), B. polychroa (Norway), B. pycnidata (Sweden), Bacidina adastra (Sweden), Biatora veteranorum (Norway), Briancoppinsia cytospora (Finland), Catillaria scotinodes (Norway), Cliostomum subtenerum (Norway), Dirina fallax (Sweden), Fellhaneropsis almquistiorum (Norway), Gyalidea subscutellaris (Sweden), Lecania inundata (Norway), L. suavis (Norway), Micarea capitata (Norway), M. deminuta (Norway), M. hylocomii (Sweden), M. lynceola (Sweden), M. soralifera (Sweden), M. subconfusa (Sweden), Mycoblastus sanguinarioides (Finland, Sweden), Paralecia pratorum (Sweden), Puttea duplex (Sweden), Sarcogyne algoviae (Finland) and Toninia subnitida (Norway). Lectotypes are designated for Bacidia antricola, Lecidea byssoboliza, Lecidea carneoglauca, Lecidea subconfusa and Lecidea submoestula.
... The name proposed here was first used for material from inland rainforests in British Columbia by Spribille (2006) as a nomen nudum which is validated here. It is probably close to or belongs in Puttea S. Stenroos & Huhtinen (Stenroos et al. 2009, Davydov & Printzen 2012; but as we are not sure of this, and do not want to make the circumscription of this genus heterogenous, we refrain from placing it there. We therefore provisionally describe the new species below in the genus Lecidea, pending a more thorough revision of this lichen group. ...
Lecidea coriacea is described as new to science from the boreal forests of Europe and montane conifer forests of northwestern North America. It is probably related to some of the species currently assigned to the genus Puttea, but is included in Lecidea awaiting a more thorough revision of this group. The species is characterized by pale to dark brown apothecia, plusiosporic asci and by the production of secalonic acid A in the hypothecium causing a golden yellow reaction with KOH. Lecidea coriacea seems to be a species of oldgrowth forests and is threatened by forestry. It often grows on old trees of Betula, Picea and Salix or on old conifer snags. Notes on similar species and other plusiosporic epiphytic and lignicolous species in boreal forests are given.
Lecidea coriacea wird anhand von Belegen aus den borealen Nadelwäldern Europas sowie den montanen Nadelwäldern Nordwest-Nordamerikas neu beschrieben. Die neue Art wird vorläufig der Gattung Lecidea im weiteren Sinne zugewiesen, steht aber vermutlich Arten der Gattung Puttea nahe. Sie zeichnet sich durch helle bis dunkelbraune Apothecien, vielsporige Asci und die Bildung von Sekalonsäure A, die zu einer stark goldfarbigen Reaktion im Hypothecium führt, aus. Lecidea coriacea scheint auf Urwälder angewiesen zu sein und ist durch forstwirtschaftliche Maßnahmen akut bedroht. Sie wächst an alten Baumstämmen von Betula, Picea und Salix sowie an stehendem Totholz. Die neue Art wird mit anderen vielsporigen, epiphytischen und holzbewohnenden Arten in Nadelwäldern verglichen.
... While both species were separated by a considerable geographical distance, they shared an unusual ecology in occurring only on the thalli of hepatics. Hepaticolous lichens have rarely been reported in the literature, but where they have they have been considered host specific (Döbbeler & Poelt 1981;Döbbeler & Vězda 1982;Stenroos et al. 2009). Here we formally describe the two unusual species of Catinaria as new to science and document another example of the rare phenomenon of host specificity in hepaticolous lichens. ...
Two species of Catinaria with an unusual hepaticolous (i.e. growing on liverworts) lifestyle are described as new to science. Catinaria brodoana is described from species of Cheilolejeunea sect. Leucolejeunea ( Lejeuneaceae ) growing in south-eastern North America . Catinaria radulae is described from Radula flavifolia ( Radulaceae ) growing in the Cape Horn Archipelago of southernmost Chile, South America. The species are compared with the type of Catinaria ( C. atropurpurea ). In addition to occurring on hepatics, C. brodoana is characterized by its cellular exciple, warted ascospores and thallus composed of goniocysts, while C. radulae is characterized by its exciple of radiating hyphae, warted ascospores and absence of a lichenized thallus.
... These names were in wide use for several decades, but taxonomists both before and soon after Zahlbruckner were aware that this treatment did not represent a natural classification. The process of reassigning "lecideoid" lichens to natural genera began in the late 1960s (Hertel 1967(Hertel , 1969Hertel and Leuckert 1969;Coppins 1983) and accelerated in recent years with the use of DNA sequence data for inferring evolutionary relationships in groups once assigned to Lecidea (Kalb et al. 2008, Stenroos et al. 2009, Bendiksby and Timdal 2013, Fryday et al. 2014, Resl et al. 2015. Three factors make this a huge task: i. lecideoid lichens contain a bewilderingly large number of described species; ii. ...
Contributing to the process of reassigning lecideoid lichens to natural taxa, we assessed phylogenetic relationships and species delimitation in the Calvitimela aglaea complex (Tephromelataceae) using DNA sequence data and morphological/anatomical and chemical characters. Phylogenetic analysis of nuclear (ITS, MCM7, TEF1-α) and mitochondrial (ribosomal SSU) DNA sequences revealed Mycoblastus as sister to a strongly supported clade comprising Calvitimela, Tephrolema and Violella. Species of these three genera fall into six strongly supported subclades with low backbone resolution. Two of these are represented by Tephromela and Violella, which are readily circumscribed morphologically. The remaining four subclades encompass lineages that have until now been assigned to Calvitimela. While Tephromela and Violella as currently circumscribed are recovered as monophyletic in our analyses, Calvitimela is paraphyletic, with four deeply divergent clades. We recognize these four clades as subgenera Calomela, Calvitimela, Paramela and Severidea. Our molecular results further support the recognition of two recently discovered sterile crusts as new species, Calvitimela cuprea and C. livida, distinguished from previously known species by their production of asexual diaspores and from each other by secondary metabolite chemistry. We also report Calvitimela perlata as new for continental North America.
... Two of the bryosymbiotic fungi, Mniaecia jungermanniae (Ascomycota, Leotiomycetes, Helotiales) and Puttea margaritella (Ascomycota, Lecanoromycetes) have been collected for the first time in Poland, while they are widespread in Europe and reported already from neighboring countries. Both are known to associate with liverworts, but the first species is regarded as a non-lichenized parasite567 and the second is showed as lichenized despite it develops subcuticularly and does not form clearly structured thallus [1,8]. ...
... DISTRIBUTION AND ECOLOGY. So far Puttea margaritella is known mainly from Europe, from the whole Fennoscandia and Leningrad Region of Russia to the north (there the species seems to be not so rare) across the Czech Republic and Slovakia up to alpine regions of Austria and Switzerland to the south of the continent [8]. Recently it has also been recorded in Alaska [27]. ...
... Recently it has also been recorded in Alaska [27]. Its closest localities to Poland are in Slovak Western Carpathians [8]. Here it is reported as new for the Tatra Mts and Poland. ...
Two hepaticolous fungi, Mniaecia jungermanniae and Puttea margaritella rarely recorded in Europe have recently been found in Polish Western Carpathians. Both species are also reported here for the first time from Poland. Notes on their taxonomy, ecology and distribution are provided.
