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Background: Scorpion stings are responsible for many deaths in humans; however, the toxicity mechanisms of the venoms from many species are not well studied. We investigated the cardiotoxicity of the crude venom from H. lepturus scorpion and its isolated fractions, F-I to F-VI.
Methods: The scorpion’s venom was extracted into six fractions by chro...
Contexts in source publication
Context 1
... protein concentrations in fractions F-I to F-VI were estimated to be 8.04, 28.81, 5.36, 12.06, 4.02 and 8.71mg, respectively. As shown in Table 1, the yield rates of 100mg of the crude venom in the six fractions were 12%, 43%, 8%, 18%, 6%, and 13%, respectively. ...Similar publications
Scorpion sting envenomations (SSE) are feared by the intense pain that they produce in victims. Pain from SSE is triggered mainly by the presence of neurotoxins in the scorpion venom that modulates voltage-gated ion channels. In Brazil, SSE is mostly caused by Tityus serrulatus, popularly known as yellow scorpion. Here, we evaluated experimental sp...
Mesobuthus tamulus (red scorpion) is common in many parts of India, where morbidity and mortality due to stinging have been reported. Prazosin is widely used for the management of the scorpion sting. However, before the patient is taken to the hospital, certain herbal therapy can be tried in order to minimize the morbidity and complications. Mimosa...
Background: Compsobuthus Persicus scorpion is endemic to Iran and exists in Hormozgan, Bushehr and Fars provinces. The aim of this study was to assess the clinical manifestations of envenomation by C. persicus and the effect of its venom on the biochemical, hematological, and urinalysis parameters of the stung patients. Methods: In this analytical...
Buthidae family includes scorpions with highly potent venom such as Compsobuthus matthiesseni is important due to the prevalence of scorpion stings in Khuzestan Province, Iran. Morphometric comparison of males and females (n=5 each) showed that the body and carapas of the females were longer and wider (32.57±0.23 mm and 3.75±0.22 mm, respectively)...
Introduction
Cutaneous traumas from scorpion sting envenomation are rare in European countries. Regarding Greece, Euscorpius sicanus' complex is the most widespread scorpion species. The venom of these small dark brown arthropods, which shelter in woods, usually provokes local cutaneous symptoms: erythema, edema, cellulitis, urticarial plaques, ulc...
Citations
... Fraction IV and the whole crude venom were selected for having the highest levels of cardiotoxicity and were then subjected to a histopathological examination of damaged heart tissues. The series of bioassays identified fraction IV of Hemiscorpius lepturus, containing low molecular mass peptides, as the fraction responsible for the cardiotoxic effects [86]. Aside from the highly studied neurotoxins, non-disulfide-bridged peptides (NDBPs) were recently put under the spotlight for their important pharmacological activities. ...
Scorpion venoms have long captivated scientific researchers, primarily due to the potency and specificity of the mechanism of action of their derived components. Among other molecules, these venoms contain highly active compounds, including antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) and ion channel-specific components that selectively target biological receptors with remarkable affinity. Some of these receptors have emerged as prime therapeutic targets for addressing various human pathologies, including cancer and infectious diseases, and have served as models for designing novel drugs. Consequently, extensive biochemical and proteomic investigations have focused on characterizing scorpion venoms. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the key methodologies used in the extraction, purification, analysis, and characterization of AMPs and other bioactive molecules present in scorpion venoms. Noteworthy techniques such as gel electrophoresis, reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography, size exclusion chromatography, and “omics” approaches are explored, along with various combinations of methods that enable bioassay-guided venom fractionation. Furthermore, this review presents four adapted proteomic workflows that lead to the comprehensive dissection of the scorpion venom proteome, with an emphasis on AMPs. These workflows differ based on whether the venom is pre-fractionated using separation techniques or is proteolytically digested directly before further proteomic analyses. Since the composition and functionality of scorpion venoms are species-specific, the selection and sequence of the techniques for venom analyses, including these workflows, should be tailored to the specific parameters of the study.
... In some cases, these lesions are active for 5-6 months and cause extensive necrosis, which leaves a large scar (24, 37, 38). Studies in laboratory animals have shown that the venom of this scorpion causes necrosis and scarring of the skin (76,81). ...
Background: Considering the importance of scorpions and recognizing the mechanisms of toxicity caused by their medically important species in Iran and adopting the best therapeutic approach based on these mechanisms, this study was performed by reviewing the clinical manifestations of scorpion stings.
Methods: The research was conducted by searching for articles and researches in related websites (PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science and CINAHL) and using domestic and international authoritative journals using the keywords of scorpion, clinical manifestations, in a review method. Finally, 104 qualified sources were selected and after reviewing and criticizing these studies, the author's point of view was presented.
Results: Clinical manifestations of Scorpion sting toxicity vary due to the existence of two toxic classes of neurotoxins and cytotoxins or hemotoxins in these arthropods in Iran. The number and distribution of species with neurotoxic venom are higher than the scorpions with cytotoxic venom and are reported throughout Iran. Scorpions with cytotoxic venom are mostly widespread in south and southwest of Iran.
Conclusion: Treatment and prevention of scorpion stings in Iran and neighboring countries in the Middle East should be planned based on the mechanism of toxicity and the presence of toxic classes with neurotoxic or cytotoxic venoms.
... In some cases, these lesions are active for 5-6 months and cause extensive necrosis, which leaves a large scar (24, 37, 38). Studies in laboratory animals have shown that the venom of this scorpion causes necrosis and scarring of the skin (76,81). ...
Background: Considering the importance of scorpions and recognizing the mechanisms of toxicity caused by their medically important species in Iran and adopting the best therapeutic approach based on these mechanisms, this study was performed by reviewing the clinical manifestations of scorpion stings. Methods: The research was conducted by searching for articles and researches in related websites (PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science and CINAHL) and using domestic and international authoritative journals using the keywords of scorpion, clinical manifestations, in a review method. Finally, 104 qualified sources were selected and after reviewing and criticizing these studies, the author's point of view was presented. Results: Clinical manifestations of Scorpion sting toxicity vary due to the existence of two toxic classes of neurotoxins and cytotoxins or hemotoxins in these arthropods in Iran. The number and distribution of species with neurotoxic venom are higher than the scorpions with cytotoxic venom and are reported throughout Iran. Scorpions with cytotoxic venom are mostly widespread in south and southwest of Iran. Conclusion: Treatment and prevention of scorpion stings in Iran and neighboring countries in the Middle East should be planned based on the mechanism of toxicity and the presence of toxic classes with neurotoxic or cytotoxic venoms.
Ehrlichia is an etiologic agent of ehrlichiosis in humans and some animals. Rhipicephalus sanguineus is the main vector of the Ehrlichia canis and dogs, red foxes and yellow jackals are reservoirs of the bacterium. This tick has a worldwide distribution and is regarded as one of the commonest species of ticks in Iran. This research aimed to detect Ehrlichia spp. in R. sanguineus isolated from stray dogs in Central and Southeast Iran (Isfahan and Zabol), by using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and to evaluate the prevalence of the microor-ganism in these two areas. Tick samples were collected from stray dogs in Isfahan and Zabol between April and June of 2018. The DNA extraction was performed with commer-cial kits. PCR was done to determine the 336 bp fragment related to Ehrlichia spp. Overall, 15.21% of pools in both areas were positive for Ehrlichia, 21.42% and 10% of pools were from Isfahan and Zabol respectively. The results confirmed the presence of Ehrlichia spp. in R. sanguineus in stray dogs revealing that dogs and their ticks may have a significant role in the epidemiology of the disease.
