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In this research work, a circularly polarized (CP) monopole antenna is designed for Ultra-Wideband (UWB) applications. The CP UWB antenna is be made up of a reformed ring patch and ground plane. The slots and stubs are inserted in the ground to achieve CP in the UWB antenna. This antenna attained an Axial Ratio Bandwidth (ARBW) of 5 GHz (4.0–9.0 GH...
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A design and simulation of the mode converter antenna (MCA) with right‐hand circular polarization, at 10 GHz frequency, is presented. The circularly polarized mode converter antenna (CPMCA) consists of two inner conductors and a body. The TEM mode is converted into a circular polarization TE11 mode, using the inner conductors connecting the coaxial...
Citations
... The measurement results show that the fabricated antenna is well matched (S 11 ¡10 dB) within the lower part of UWB band. The planar antennas with excellent performance were also proposed in [59][60][61][62][63][64]. ...
... Vivaldi antenna geometry with metallic reflector.[59]. ...
Wireless capsule endoscopy (WCE) systems are used to capture images of the human digestive tract for medical applications, especially the noninvasive diagnostics and treatments of small intestinal diseases. As an important part of the WCE system, the antenna plays a crucial role in transmitting and receiving data. To transmit diagnostic real-time images from the inside body with high resolution at a high data transmission speed, ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna designs for the WCE system have been proposed by researchers in recent years. However, to the best of our knowledge, there are few papers to systematically review the UWB antennas used in the WCE system. In this paper, a comprehensive review of different UWB antenna designs for WCE system is presented. In-body and on-body UWB antennas are classified according to the radiative performances and structure. Particular attention is also paid to the models used in simulation and experiment, as well as some key performance parameters and technologies in the process of antenna design. This extensive summary of UWB antennas for WCE systems will help to understand the prospects and challenges in this field.
... UWB MIMO antennas should have reduced port and field isolation. There are various types of Defected Ground Surfaces [12,13] that can improve port isolation, including dumbbell [11,14] and T-shaped [6] ones. It is also possible to increase mutual coupling by extending the bottom plane [15]. ...
... In order to achieve band notch characteristics, an EBG structure with a compact footprint needs to be incorporated onto a UWB antenna. The linearly polarized UWB MIMO antenna has been designed by numerous researchers to reject dual and triple bands [11][12][13]. ...
This paper details the development of an innovative Ultra-Wideband (UWB) Circularly Polarized (CP) Multi-Input Multi-Output (MIMO) antenna. Drawing inspiration from an Electromagnetic Band-Gap Structure, the antenna incorporates Two Via Compact Electromagnetic Band Gap (TVCEBG) cells strategically positioned close to the feedline. The result is a sophisticated triple-band notched planar antenna configuration. To enhance its performance, a slot and a stub are strategically added to the bottom plane, effectively broadening the Axial Ratio Bandwidth (ARBW). This carefully designed setup achieves a wide ARBW while simultaneously rejecting interference at 3.5, 5.5, and 8.2 GHz. Notably, the MIMO antenna demonstrates an axial ratio spanning from 3 to 10.4 GHz, coupled with an impedance bandwidth ranging from 3.1 to 10.6 GHz. Diversity features of the proposed structure are quantified through three key parameters: ECC (Envelope Correlation Coefficient) greater than 0, TARC (Total Active Reflection Coefficient) surpassing 10, and DG (Diversity Gain) exceeding 9.7. These parameters collectively indicate robust diversity characteristics, underscoring the antenna's efficacy in challenging communication scenarios. Practical implementation involves the use of FR4 dielectric substrates, with precise measurements of 42.7 × 55 × 1.6 mm 3. This meticulous construction ensures the realization of the proposed structure's theoretical framework, highlighting the antenna's potential applicability in advanced UWB communication systems.
... Circular polarized antennas are more attractive for MIMO antenna systems due to diversity characteristics for line of sight and multipath fading. Circular polarized multi ports MIMO antennas are also presented in literature [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32]. In [20], author proposed single port dual band circular polarized antenna with overall size of 26 mm × 14.5 mm × 1.6 mm, in [21], the author also proposed single port circular polarized antenna with large size of 58 mm × 58 mm × 3.175 mm, metamaterial is added to attain the circular polarization mechanism, in [22], a ring shape circular polarized antenna is presented with the size of 32 mm × 30 mm × 1.6 mm, the mention designs have single port, large size and there is no diversity scheme for MIMO system. ...
... Circular polarized multi ports MIMO antennas are also presented in literature [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32]. In [20], author proposed single port dual band circular polarized antenna with overall size of 26 mm × 14.5 mm × 1.6 mm, in [21], the author also proposed single port circular polarized antenna with large size of 58 mm × 58 mm × 3.175 mm, metamaterial is added to attain the circular polarization mechanism, in [22], a ring shape circular polarized antenna is presented with the size of 32 mm × 30 mm × 1.6 mm, the mention designs have single port, large size and there is no diversity scheme for MIMO system. In [23], the author proposed two ports circular polarized MIMO antenna, parasitic elements are used to isolate the elements, isolation > 22 dB and ECC < 0.025, in [24], a two ports circular shape circular polarized MIMO antenna is presented with over size of 25 mm × 51 mm × 0.8 mm, mutual coupling < − 18 dB, ECC < 0.01 and DG more than 9.95, in [25], the author also proposed two ports circular polarized antenna with the size of 24 mm × 24 mm × 1.6 mm, antenna is operating in the range of 3.04-8.11 ...
In this article, four elements circularly polarized trapezoid multiple inputs and multiple outputs (MIMO) antenna for UWB application is presented. The electrical dimension of presented four elements MIMO antenna in term of lambda (λ) is 0.44λ × 0.44λ × 0.012λ. The novel loop parasitic is used for the enhancement of isolation and impedance bandwidth. The reflection coefficient (Sij ∈ i = j) is less than − 10dB in range of 2.4 GHz and 13.5 GHz and isolation (Sij ∈ i ≠ j) is greater than 22dB in given range. The axial ratio bandwidth (ARBW) of presented trapezoid antenna is 3.6 GHz; less than − 3dB in the range of 6.7 and 10.3 GHz. The peak gain is 5.9dBi, diversity gain (DG) > 9.89dB and envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) < 0.022. Various other parameters such as radiation pattern, reflection coefficient, Isolation, multiplexing efficiency, ECC, DG and peak gain are discussed in detail for experimental validation.
... In the most of the cases, for wireless communication system, the transmitter and the receiver are moving. The available THz antennas [10][11][12][13][14][15] as reported in literature could not be not able to track electromagnetic waves in steerable directions. To overcome this problem, a steerable antenna is necessary. ...
... The performance comparison of proposed broadband steerable antenna with some previous reported works [10][11][12][13][14][15] has been performed. As depicted in Table1, the proposed planar array antenna offers the broadest bandwidth of 846 GHz, highest directivity of 8.86 dBi with beam switching capability. ...
Terahertz band gap is the range of frequency lying between the microwave band and the optical band, its range spectrum starts from 0.1 THz to 10 THz. This band provides unallocated wide bandwidth as well as very high-speed communication in the futuristic applications. This article presents a broadband microstrip 1 2 array antenna powered by hybrid coupler in terahertz band (around 2.45 THz). To reach this Broadband antenna, at first, a wideband 3 dB hybrid coupler is designed and optimized. After that, two basic elements of square shaped with slots are fed by the two output ports of the coupler. The results obtained reports that the suggested antenna offers-10 dB wide bandwidth equals to 846 GHz (from 1.91 to 2.77 THz) with good impedance matching, maximum directivity equals to 8.86 dBi at the operating frequency 2.45 THz. Additionally, it offers the capability of beam steering which can be obtained by switching of the input ports of the coupler. Thus, the antenna can produce two beams at 30. The structure and simulation results of the proposed antenna have been done on Rogers RT/duroid 5880 substrate. The total size of the proposed microstrip array antenna is 110 112 1.56 m 3. Due to its capability of beam steering and broadband characteristic, the proposed antenna is a potential candidate for Terahertz band applications such as materials characterization in the THz band, medical imaging and future high-speed wireless communication.
... In the most of the cases, for wireless communication system, the transmitter and the receiver are moving. The available THz antennas [10][11][12][13][14][15] as reported in literature could not be not able to track electromagnetic waves in steerable directions. To overcome this problem, a steerable antenna is necessary. ...
... The performance comparison of proposed broadband steerable antenna with some previous reported works [10][11][12][13][14][15] has been performed. As depicted in Table1, the proposed planar array antenna offers the broadest bandwidth of 846 GHz, highest directivity of 8.86 dBi with beam switching capability. ...
Terahertz band gap is the range of frequency lying between the microwave band and the optical band, its range spectrum starts from 0.1 THz to 10 THz. This band provides unallocated wide bandwidth as well as very high-speed communication in the futuristic applications. This article presents a broadband microstrip 1 × 2 array antenna powered by hybrid coupler in terahertz band (around 2.45 THz). To reach this Broadband antenna, at first, a wideband 3 dB hybrid coupler is designed and optimized. After that, two basic elements of square shaped with slots are fed by the two output ports of the coupler. The results obtained reports that the suggested antenna offers – 10 dB wide bandwidth equals to 846 GHz (from 1.91 to 2.77 THz) with good impedance matching, maximum directivity equals to 8.86 dBi at the operating frequency 2.45 THz. Additionally, it offers the capability of beam steering which can be obtained by switching of the input ports of the coupler. Thus, the antenna can produce two beams at ±30°. The structure and simulation results of the proposed antenna have been done on Rogers RT/duroid 5880 substrate. The total size of the proposed microstrip array antenna is 110 × 112 × 1.56 μm³. Due to its capability of beam steering and broadband characteristic, the proposed antenna is a potential candidate for Terahertz band applications such as materials characterization in the THz band, medical imaging and future high-speed wireless communication.
... Circular polarized antenna is also carried out for terahertz applications. These types of antenna are very attractive for wireless communications systems (Ran et al. 2022;Bagheri 2021;Guthi and Damera 2022;Thakur et al. 2022). For this reason, many researches have been conducted to design circular polarized antenna. ...
For several years, the fields of new technologies have been experiencing a real boom. The use of the terahertz band is an appropriate solution to meet the requirements of these technology. However, this technology has special requirements among which its antennas must have high bandwidth of few THz and achieve high gain for high productivity. In this paper, we will focus on the design and analysis of an antenna for THz technology. The antenna structure proposed in this work has better performance in terms of bandwidth and gain. In fact, multiples slots were added to the antenna to enhance the antenna’s bandwidth. In addition, to enhance the antenna performance in terms of gain and protect the antenna feed line against environmental jeopardies a thin layer as superstrate is used. The suggested antenna covers a wide −10 dB bandwidth from 0.9 to 17.3 THz with a peak gain of 12.8 dBi. Moreover, a VSWR less than 2 at the operating band is obtained. Furthermore, the suggested antenna has circular polarized radiations with an axial ration (AR) less than 3 dB over a wide band 13.6–17.3 THz which mean that the proposed antenna is well suited for application where the transmitter and receiver are moving which is the most case for wireless system. Thus, the suggested THz antenna could be a successful choice for terahertz application like future high-speed short-range indoor wireless communication, explosive detections, arms detection, medical imaging, pharmaceutical analysis, and material characterization in the THz regime industrial inspections.
... Port and eld isolation between elements needs to be reduced between UWB MIMO antennas. Port isolation can be improved by Defected Ground Surfaces [12] [13] such as dumb-bell [11] [14] and T-shaped [6] among others. One more method to realize improved mutual coupling is to prolong the ground plane for example with a Y-shaped stub [15]. ...
... The antenna elements. Numerous researchers have designed dual and triple rejected bands features with linearly polarized UWB MIMO antenna [11][12][13]. Subsequently understanding the differences and limitations of various methods, it is realized that attaining a band notch UWB MIMO antenna with small dimensions remains a challenge. ...
This paper presents a Circularly polarized (CP) Ultra-Wideband (UWB) multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) antenna with three rejected bands. To produce triple band-notched characteristics, two compact Electromagnetic bandgap cells are placed near the feedline of the planar antenna. A broad Axial ratio bandwidth (ARBW) is obtained by adding a slot and a stub expanded from the ground plane. The ability to produce wide ARBW is an additional feature of the suggested structure. This MIMO antenna has a -10dB bandwidth of 3.1–10.6 GHz and axial ratio bandwidth of 3-10.4 GHz with three-rejected bands at 3.5, 5.5 and 8.2 GHz. Moreover, the suggested structure shows good diversity characteristics properties like an envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) > 0.03, total active reflection coefficient (TARC) > 10 dB, and diversity gain (DG) of approximately 9.99. The considered configuration is fabricated using an FR4 dielectric substrate with a total size of 42.7×55×1.6 mm ³ .
For several years, the fields of new technologies have been experiencing a real boom. The use of the terahertz band is an appropriate solution to meet the requirements of these technology. However, this technology has special requirements among which its antennas must have high bandwidth of few THz and achieve high gain for high productivity. In this paper, we will focus on the design and analysis of an antenna for THz technology. The antenna structure proposed in this work has better performance in terms of bandwidth and gain. In fact, multiples slots were added to the antenna to enhance the antenna’s bandwidth. in addition, to enhance the antenna performance in terms of gain and protect the antenna feed line against environmental jeopardies a thin layer as superstrate is used. The suggested antenna covers a wide − 10dB bandwidth from 0.9 THz to 17.3 THz with a peak gain of 12.8 dBi. Moreover, a VSWR less than 2 at the operating band is obtained. Furthermore, the suggested antenna has circular polarized radiations with an axial ration (AR) less than 3 dB over a wide band 13.6THz-17.3THz which mean that the proposed antenna is well suited for application where the transmitter and receiver are moving which is the most case for wireless system. Thus, the suggested THz antenna could be a successful choice for terahertz application like future high-speed short-range indoor wireless communication, explosive detections, arms detection, medical imaging, pharmaceutical analysis, and material characterization in the THz regime industrial inspections.
