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A new method of magnetic-field-assisted jet plating is presented to manufacture Ni-Co-SiO2 alloy films. The influence of different concentrations of Co²⁺ ions of the electrolyte is investigated with and without magnetic field to study the resulting properties of the deposits. The texture orientation, surface morphology, magnetic properties and corr...
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... steel size of size 20 × 20 × 2 mm 3 was used as substrate, which in preparation was polished with abrasive paper and put in dilute hydrochloric acid to remove the surface oxide layer. Table 2 shows the specific processing parameters of magnetic-field-assisted jet plating. Table 3 shows the sample numbers and corresponding processing parameters of the Ni-Co-SiO2 alloy films involved in this paper. ...Similar publications
Polycrystalline La0,7Ba0,21Ca0,09Mn1-xNixO3 (x = 0,1; 0,2; 0,3) have been synthesized using sol-gel method, the precursors material from pro analysis products. Samples had characterized by XRD, SEM, and VSM. The result of refinement from XRD pattern shown that all materials had single phase with the lattice parameter a and b had decreased with incr...
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... Jet electrodeposition is a new type of electrochemical deposition technique, which is to spray electrolyte onto the cathode at high speed, metal ions are deposited on the cathode surface by a reduction reaction [12][13][14][15][16]. Relative to bath plating, jet electrodeposition has the advantages of a faster deposition rate, more uniform deposition, higher deposition quality and easier operation, which is a more efficient and high-quality metal coating preparation technology [12][13][14]. Recently, many studies have focused on adding some reinforced phases, such as SiC [4], TiN [17], CeO 2 [18], WC [19], SiO 2 [20], and Al 2 O 3 [21], into the Ni matrix to improve the physical and chemical properties of coatings. ...
The Ni-Co alloy was coated with Ni-Co-TiN/ CeO2 by Jet electrodeposition to enhance the properties of Nickel-Cobalt (Ni-Co) alloy. The morphologies, texture orientation, microhardness, coating adhesion, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance of Ni-Co-TiN/ CeO2 composite coatings were characterized. The influences of concentration of mixed particles (micron-TiN and nano- CeO2) on microstructural, surface properties, mechanical properties and anti-corrosion performance of the composite coatings were studied. The addition of nano-mixed particles changed the morphology of Ni-Co-TiN/ CeO2 composite coating from large cellular protrusion structures to fine granular structures, the mechanical properties and anti-corrosion performance of Ni-Co-TiN/ CeO2 composite coatings were improved. The composite coating exhibited superior microhardness, bonding force, wear resistance and anti-corrosion performance, when the concentration of mixed particles was 4 g/L. This work contributed to the development of a variety of micro- and nanoparticle phase-enhanced metal-based composite coatings.
... Additionally, the applied magnetic field can cause the number of surface pores to decrease [153]. The ternary plating shown in Fig. 12a shows a more refined grain size and a reduction in roughness [154]; the magnetic field also improves the plating of microgrooves, as can be seen in Fig. 12b, where the filling of the microgrooves under magnetic conditions is denser and more uniform, with no microcracks and gaps [155]. In addition, magnetic fields can prevent copper oxidation and residual chlorine impurities from entering the copper film during the plating process, thereby improving the quality of the copper mold [156]. ...
... Xia et al. [162] prepared Ni-AlN nanocoatings, and as can be seen from the preparation process in Fig. 12j, the growth of the coating did not show dendrites; the organization was more homogeneous. In terms of workpiece performance, the introduction a b c d e f g i j h Fig. 12 Magnetic field electrochemical machining: a surface morphology of Ni-Co-SiO2 alloy films [154], b SEM image of 2. 5 μm trench plating [155], c Ni/Nip mesh coating prepared on stainless steel mesh [164], d magnetic field-assisted electrolytic machining of micropores, from left to right, without magnetic field, 0.05 T, 0.1 T, 0.2 T [173], e magnetic field-assisted electrolytic machining of complex cavity workpiece [175], f magnetic field-assisted electrolytic machining morphology of Ti-48Al-2Cr-2Nb alloy [32], g Ni-SiC nanocomposite [161], h magnetic field electrolytic machining of multi-stage inner tapered hole workpiece [177], i Fe-Ni coating, from left to right, with electrodeposition (ECD), laser-assisted electrodeposition (LECD), and magnetic field laser-assisted electrodeposition (MLECD) [207], j Ni-AlN nanocoating growth process under 0. 4 T magnetic field conditions [162] (the small diagrams from left (top) to right (bottom) represent the absence and presence of magnetic fields, respectively) of magnetic fields often leads to electrodeposited materials with good properties in terms of corrosion protection, hardness, superhydrophobicity, resistivity, catalysis, etc. In Ni-AlN nanocoatings shown in Fig. 12j, the corrosion resistance measured by the authors was higher than under no magnetic field conditions [162]; it can reduce the selfcorrosion current density by 79.0% [161]. ...
... However, the molded parts have problems such as poor surface quality, unstable grain crystallization, and poor domain fixation, as shown in Fig. 13l, m [242]. A magnetic field can effectively optimize the deposition quality, greatly reduce the number of defects in the deposited layer, significantly improve the agglomeration phenomenon of [233] AFM probes ensure pole spacing Electrode gap 0.5 m [231] Deposition diameter larger than nozzle diameter (~3 times) [225] Large electrode gap(~50 m) [227] High deposition rate 10 m/s [224] Nozzle diameter can be <~1nm [226] Sacrificial metal layer Unable to form complex 3D [206], d mask plating [210], e EFAB technology [214], f meniscus-confined electroplating [219], g localized electrochemical deposition [222], h electrohydrodynamic redox printing [229], i electrochemical scanning probe microscopy [230], j jet electrodeposition [224] Roughness reduction [154] Enhance flatness and denseness, refine grain size [154] Giant magnetic impedance properties [152], reduced corrosion [154], absence of microcracks and gaps [155] Sacrificial anode tool required Electrodeposition Monolithic and alloy plating [159] The thickness increased by 10.4% [161]. Current density increased by 30% [160] Increase in roughness from 0.2 to 0.48μm [169] Reduction of surface defects, hardness increase by 9% [161], refinement of grains [162,163] Adhesion increased by 29.3% and selfcorrosion decreased by 96.3% [161], allowing the preparation of characteristic materials [164,166] Simple process, wide application Roughness reduction [43] More flat cones and shell-like structures [43], more uniform and compact surface [188] Preparation of micron/nanoscale conical structures [43] Formable microscale 3D structural parts ...
Electrochemical machining (ECM) is widely used as a special process in the manufacturing of parts. The introduction of a magnetic field can improve manufacturing quality and increase the electrochemical reaction rate. Magnetic fields have a non-negligible influence on processes such as mass transfer, polarization, limiting current density, electrocrystallization, and anodic dissolution in electrochemical reactions. This paper provides a comprehensive review of magnetoelectrochemistry (MEC) techniques and the effect of magnetic fields on ECM. Starting from the MEC effects caused by magnetic fields acting on ECM, as well as Maxwell stress effects and magnetocaloric effect, which have not yet been studied in the field of ECM, this paper summarizes the effect of magnetic field on electrochemical reaction rate, flow field, physicochemical properties of electrolyte, and material formation in ECM, reviews existing magnetic field-assisted ECM technologies, and proposes future applications of magnetic fields in electrochemical additive manufacturing (ECAM) technologies. Finally, the paper provides a summary and outlook to serve as a reference for MEC processing.
... 13a-d and 14a-d. The morphology of the coating was inferred that with increase of field intensities the surface smoothness of the coating also increases, in other words nodular size of the coatings decreases and it provides more nucleation site, which was leading to more compact structure [40]. ...
... As a result, it is very difficult for corrosive media to enter into dense structure to cause corrosion mechanism. Hence, corrosion resistant of the coating increases (Jiang et al.) [40]. ...
The corrosion protection efficacy of Ni–Co alloy coatings was tried to improve by magnetoelectrodeposition (MED) approach. The magnetic field of varying strength (B) was applied in perpendicular and parallel to the direction of diffusion of metal ions, simultaneously to the process of deposition. The corrosion behaviour of the deposited coatings was studied through electrochemical DC method and results revealed that Magneto-electrodeposited (MED) Ni–Co alloys coatings were found to be more corrosion resistant than their conventionally electrodeposited (ED) counterparts. Moreover, the effect of magnetic field is more pronounced in perpendicular field direction and was explained by Lorentz force. Under optimal condition, MED Ni–Co alloy coating obtained at a magnetic field intensity of B = 0.3 T (Perpendicular) was found to be less prone to corrosion than its ED alloy (B = 0 T) counterpart. The increased limiting current density (iL) of Co²⁺ ions in turn increases the corrosion resistant properties of MED Ni–Co alloy coatings. The effect of magnetic field on improved corrosion resistance of the deposited coatings have been investigated in terms of their changed surface morphology, composition, phase structure and surface roughness using Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy dispersion spectroscopy (EDS), X-Ray diffraction (XRD) technique and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) respectively.
... Nickel-cobalt alloy coatings show magnetic characteristics, good adhesion, high hardness, sufficient thermal stability and great corrosion and wear resistances. [4][5][6][7] Nickel-cobalt alloy electrodeposits are commonly employed in industry due to their good corrosion, high mechanical strength, wear resistance, moderate thermal conductivity and outstanding electrocatalytic and magnetic properties. 8 Vilain et al. 9 investigated the relationship between the surface roughness, composition and magnetic characteristics of nickel-cobalt layers, finding that when the film surface roughness is lowered within a particular range, the coercivity decreases. ...
Herein, we are interested to provide the synthetic methodologies, chemical properties, and the corrosion performance of some Ni-xCo-yTiO 2 nanocomposite electroplated on Cu using the gluconate-cysteine bath, pointing at the classification of these materials corresponding to their stability in that simulated marine solution and recommend using these materials in such aggressive media. Electrochemical and spectroscopic measurements were employed in 3.5 wt. % NaCl electrolytes at 25°C. The electrochemical properties of the applicable nanocomposite material will be studied to enhance manufacturing technology and forecast the stability of structures made from it. The produced nanocomposite coatings have been demonstrated to have high corrosion resistance in the investigated electrolyte, which is commonly utilized in hydrogen evolution reaction applications and other novel materials corrosion investigations. By characterizing the corrosion performance of the examined Ni-xCo-yTiO 2 nanocomposite coatings in 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution, the Ni-48Co-3.8TiO 2 is regarded as the most stable electrode. The results exposed that the inclusion of Co inside Ni-xCo-yTiO 2 significantly lessened the corrosion rate of the investigated composites. The surface examination revealed the presence of several materials constituents in the passive layer. DFT and Monte Carlo simulation approaches have been used to investigate and analyze the relationship between molecular structure and inhibitory effect.
... Nevertheless, previous studies and theories also revealed that magnetic field had a significant effect on both the orientation of grain growth and grain size due to the variations of magnetic Gibbs free energy. [21][22][23][24] Therefore, an external perpendicular magnetic field can be introduced during the deposition process of SmCo-based films to promote the growth of SmCo grains along the magnetic field direction and improve the out-of-plane magnetic anisotropy of SmCo-based films. ...
SmCo‐based thin films have excellent permanent magnetic properties for application in magnetic functional devices. The conventional methods to control the magnetic anisotropy are inserting the suitable buffer layer or applying magnetic field heat treatment. However, the selection of the buffer layer and the thickness of the SmCo layer are limited. Additionally, the magnetic field heat treatment is detrimental to suppressing the grain growth. Herein, the SmCo‐based thin films by magnetic field assisted magnetron sputtering followed by a rapid thermal annealing (RTA) is prepared. The characteristic diffraction peak of SmCo5 (200) with in‐plane orientation disappears, indicating that the in‐plane magnetic anisotropy could be further decreased. Meanwhile, the out‐of‐plane coercivity highly increases when applying an external magnetic field, which is contributed partly by the refined SmCo grains under the external magnetic field due to the reduction of critical free energy of Sm–Co cluster nucleation. Furthermore, micromagnetic simulations indicates that the out‐of‐plane magnetic moments of Sm2Co17 phase are more difficult to reverse because the ratio of in‐plane and out‐of‐plane oriented moments changed from 1:1 to 1:1.4, and proves that the proportion of magnetic moment direction is significant to control magnetic anisotropy and coercivity which is consistent with the experiment results.
As part of this study, the optimal jet plating parameters were analyzed, and COMOL simulation software was used to simulate the magnetic field-jet electrodeposition processing area under various jet deposition conditions. In order to improve the performance of parts and components materials, different jet parameters were used to prepare Ni/W-SiC composite coatings on the surface of Q235 steel using the magnetic field-jet electrodeposition method. The effects of nozzle outlet diameter and jet distance on the flow field and deposition rate in the processing area of Ni/W-SiC composite coatings deposited by magnetic field-jet electrodeposition were studied. When the nozzle outlet diameter was Φ2 mm, Ni/W-SiC composite coatings had a smooth surface and a dense microstructure. The coatings had the lowest surface roughness and the highest coatings thickness; the roughness was 0.45 μm and the thickness of the coating was 0.162 mm. When the jet distance was 2 mm, Ni/W-SiC composite coatings were dense, SiC nanoparticles were uniformly distributed, and the surface morphology of Ni/W-SiC composite was smoother. At this point, the surface roughness of the coatings was at its lowest, measuring 0.31 μm, with a thickness of 0.15 mm.
A steady-state magnetic field is introduced to prepare Fe-Ni coating based on laser-assisted electrodeposition (LECD) to control the change of element content and improve the surface quality. The internal structure, surface quality, and properties are tested to discuss under different magnetic field intensities. The results indicate that the comprehensive performance of Fe-Ni coating with a transverse magnetic field is better. The magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) and magnetization effect make the grain refinement and improve the surface quality of Fe-Ni coating. The surface morphology shows that the laser makes the surface denser, while the magnetic field causes the ions to magnetize so that the clusters form on the surface. The addition of the magnetic field does not change the grain structure, but the Fe content is increased because of the MHD effect on the diffusion degree. Besides, when the magnetic field intensity is 15 mT, the residual internal stress reaches 587 MPa in the form of compressive stress. Meanwhile, the test of micro-hardness, tensile strength, wear, and corrosion resistance indicates that the comprehensive performance of Fe-Ni coating by the magnetic field and laser-assisted electrodeposition (MLECD) is better than that of electrodeposition (ECD) and LECD.
