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Principal component analysis (PCA 1) based on 29 morphological characters and 55 populations from the Cyanus triumfettii group from the western Carpathians and adjacent parts of Pannonia (square; group A correspond to C. triumfettii subsp. axillaris and subsp. strictus; groups B and C correspond to C. triumfettii subsp. dominii), and from southern part of the western Alps (circle; group D: C. triumfettii subsp. triumfettii; samples from localities cited in the protologue of Centaurea triumfettii All. are solid). The first two axes explain 39.62% and 18.45% of the variation among the OTUs, respectively.
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The pronounced morphological variation of the Cyanus triumfettii group (syn. Centaurea triumfettii s. latissimo) in the western Carpathians and Pannonia has resulted in confusing and contradictory taxonomic treatments. We focus on the taxonomic identity of populations which have been treated as C. triumfettii subsp. triumfettii in this area. Karyol...
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... PCA 1 ordination diagram of all populations showed separation of the southwest Alpine populations from the western CarpathoÁPannonian ones along the first axis (Fig. 5). Thirteen morphological characters, e.g. length of pedunculus and its ratio to length of the uppermost stem leaf (PEL, PEL/LUL), the number of interior and exterior florets (FIN, FEN), shape of involucre (IW, IW/IL), and some characters of the involucral bracts (BW, AMAW, AMMW), contributed almost equally to the separation of these two ...
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... C were mapped onto the UPGMA dendrogram, we observed that populations of subgroup C corresponded to subcluster 3 (Fig. 4), whereas subgroups A and B were intermingled within subclusters 1 and 2 of the cluster analysis (Fig. 4). The southwest Alpine populations assigned to subgroup D in the PCA diagram, corresponded to cluster II on the dendrogram (Fig. 4, 5). To test for homogeneity of the southwest Alpine populations, a second PCA (PCA 2) was computed. This analysis revealed no groupings or ecological pattern Table 2. Drawings by K. ...
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... 0.2 are printed in bold) and total canonical structure expressing correlations of characters with canonical axis (CDA, the values exceeding the level of 0.4 are printed in bold). The values were retrieved from principal component analyses based on 29 morphological characters: PCA 1 Á calculated for 55 populations from the Cyanus triumfettii group (Fig. 5); PCA 2 Á calculated for 105 individual of C. triumfettii subsp. triumfettii (Fig. 6); and from canonical discriminant analysis based on 29 morphological characters and individuals from the C. triumfettii group with two groups predefined: the southwest Alps group and the western CarpathoÁPannonian group. For character explanations see ...
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... partially incongruent results from the ordination (PCA) and cluster (CA) analyses. The identification of groups revealed by PCA and CA with taxa distinguished within the C. triumfettii group (cf. Soó 1980, Dostál 1989) is also problematic. According to identification keys by Dostál (1976Dostál ( , 1989, populations placed in subgroup A in PCA 1 (Fig. 5) may be treated as C. triumfettii subsp. strictus or C. triumfettii subsp. axillaris. However, the results of the morphometric analyses presented here do not allow these two subspecies to be distinguished. No group corresponding to either of these two subspecies is separated on the PCA 1 or CA diagrams. Furthermore, subgroup A is not ...
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... results of the morphometric analyses presented here do not allow these two subspecies to be distinguished. No group corresponding to either of these two subspecies is separated on the PCA 1 or CA diagrams. Furthermore, subgroup A is not supported by CA where samples forming subgroup A are intermixed with some samples of subgroup B in cluster I (Fig. 4, ...
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... subgroups visible on the PCA 1 diagram, B and C, are separated from subgroups A and D along the second principal component (Fig. 5) mainly by characters of leaves (Table 3). When plants from subgroups B and C are identified according to Dostál's keys (1976Dostál's keys ( , 1989, they both belong to C. triumfettii subsp. dominii. Our analyses confirm that this subspecies is as variable as it has been thought previously (Dostál 1931a(Dostál , 1931b). Populations of ...
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... , 1931b). Populations of subgroup B correspond to C. triumfettii subsp. dominii var. dominii or C. triumfettii subsp. dominii var. densifolia (Dostál) (cf. Dostál 1931a). Nevertheless, further sampling and data are necessary to shed light on this problem because samples from subgroups B appear intermixed with subgroup A in the UPGMA dendrogram (Fig. 4, 5). Finally, the separation of subgroup C is confirmed also by CA (subcluster 3). According to Dostál (1931a) these samples correspond to C. triumfettii subsp. dominii var. slovenica (Dostál) (valid combinations of the above mentioned varietes of Cyanus triumfettii subsp. dominii are not Table 5. Univariate statistics of quantitative ...
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