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Prevalence of Anemia (% and SE) by Sociodemographic Indicators Among Participants (11-15 Years) in Junior Secondary Schools in Ouagadougou (N = 1059). *p-value <0.05, **p-value <0.01, ***p-value <0.001.
Source publication
Background:
The school presents an ideal environment to positively impact the long-term health and nutrition outcomes of early adolescents, who are at risk of obesity and anemia.
Methods:
In this cross-sectional survey, we described differences in weight and anemia by sociodemographic, diet and physical activity indicators among 1059 students ag...
Context in source publication
Context 1
... overall prevalence of anemia among the 1059 participants was 50% of which 30% were mildly, 19.5% moderately, and 0.5% severely anemic. Figure 2 shows that the prevalence of no anemia was similar between girls (49%) and boys (51%), while moderate anemia was higher among girls (22%) than boys (16%, p-value <0.05). Neither age nor household wealth status differed by anemia status (pvalues >0.05). ...
Citations
Background
The Global Diet Quality Score (GDQS) was developed for monitoring nutrient adequacy and diet-related noncommunicable disease risk in diverse populations. A software application (GDQS app) was recently developed for the standardized collection of GDQS data. The application involves a simplified 24-h dietary recall (24HR) where foods are matched to GDQS-food groups using an onboard database, portion sizes are estimated at the food group level using cubic models, and the GDQS is computed.
Objectives
The study aimed to estimate associations between GDQS scores collected using the GDQS app and nutrient adequacy and metabolic risks.
Methods
In this cross-sectional study of 600 Thai males and nonpregnant/nonlactating females (40–60 y), we collected 2 d of GDQS app and paper-based 24HR, food-frequency questionnaires (FFQs), anthropometry, body composition, blood pressure, and biomarkers. Associations between application scores and outcomes were estimated using multiple regression, and application performance was compared with that of metrics scored using 24HR and FFQ data: GDQS, Minimum Dietary Diversity–Women, Alternative Healthy Eating Index–2010, and Global Dietary Recommendations score.
Results
In covariate-adjusted models, application scores were significantly (P < 0.05) associated with higher energy-adjusted mean micronutrient adequacy computed using 24HR (range in estimated mean adequacy between score quintiles 1 and 5: 36.3%–44.5%) and FFQ (Q1–Q5: 40.6%–44.2%), and probability of protein adequacy from 24HR (Q1–Q5: 63%–72.5%). Application scores were inversely associated with BMI kg/m² (Q1–Q5: 26.3–24.9), body fat percentage (Q1–Q5: 31.7%–29.1%), diastolic blood pressure (Q1–Q5: 84–81 mm Hg), and a locally-developed sodium intake score (Q1–Q5: 27.5–24.0 points out of 100); positively associated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (Q1–Q5: 49–53 mg/dL) and 24-h urinary potassium (Q1–Q5: 1385–1646 mg); and inversely associated with high midupper arm circumference (Q5/Q1 odds ratio: 0.52) and abdominal obesity (Q5/Q1 odds ratio: 0.51). Significant associations for the application outnumbered those for metrics computed using 24HR or FFQ.
Conclusions
The GDQS app effectively assesses nutrient adequacy and metabolic risk in population surveys.
