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Preussia octocylindrospora A–B. ascomata, C–D. pseudoparaphyses E–G. asci, H–I. ascospores. J. part of an ascospore with enhanced germ slits A–J. Coll. F-529978 (UPS). Scale bars: A–B=100 μ m, C–D= 10 μ m, E–G= 20 μ m, H–J=10 μ m.
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The focus of this study is on Preussia sensu lato species with 8-celled ascospores. Two new species, P. alpina and P. octocylindrospora are introduced based on morphological characters and discussed in relation to similar species in the genus. New records are provided from Sporormiella corynespora, S. octomegaspora, P. octomera and P. octonalis. Th...
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In the present study, Phyllosticta cyclaminis Brunaud, Passalora juniperina (Georgescu & Badea) H. Solheim, Ascochyta paliuri Sacc. and Asteroma padi DC.) were reported for the first time from Turkey. Short descriptions, localities, collection dates, altitude and accession numbers of the newly reported species were provided.
Citations
... Крім того, хімічний, ферментативний чи термічний вплив травної системи виводить спори облігатних ендокопрофілів зі стану глибокого фізіологічного спокою та є необхідною умовою їх проростання. Це підтверджено в експерименті, який показав, що новоутворені спори деяких копрофільних видів аскомікот, взяті безпосередньо із плодових тіл, слабко або зовсім не проростають на агаризованих середовищах 53,54,55,56 . Таким чином, саме фізико-хімічні умови травної системи тварини є тим селективним і визначальним фактором у розділенні копрофільних грибів на ендо-та ектокопрофільні види. ...
... The results of the phylogenetic analyses obtained by ML and BI methods generated similar topologies, and the ML tree was selected to represent the position of P. bezerrensis. There are no clear morphological features to separate Preussia from Sporormiella, and some authors consider both as synonyms, whereas others regard Sporormiella as a distinct taxon due to its mostly fimicolous habit and some morphological characters, such as the presence of ostiolate pseudothecia, absent in most of Preussia species (Doveri 2004, Bell 2005, Asgari & Zare 2010, Kruys 2015. Preussia bezerrensis differs from S. minima due its non-ostiolate pseudothecium, larger ascospores without gelatinous perisporium and non-fimicolous habit. ...
Novel species of fungi described in this study include those from various countries as follows: Argentina , Colletotrichum araujiae on leaves, stems and fruits of Araujia hortorum . Australia , Agaricus pateritonsus on soil, Curvularia fraserae on dying leaf of Bothriochloa insculpta , Curvularia millisiae from yellowing leaf tips of Cyperus aromaticus , Marasmius brunneolorobustus on well-rotted wood, Nigrospora cooperae from necrotic leaf of Heteropogon contortus , Penicillium tealii from the body of a dead spider, Pseudocercospora robertsiorum from leaf spots of Senna tora , Talaromyces atkinsoniae from gills of Marasmius crinis-equi and Zasmidium pearceae from leaf spots of Smilax glyciphylla . Brazil , Preussia bezerrensis from air. Chile , Paraconiothyrium kelleni from the rhizosphere of Fragaria chiloensis subsp. chiloensis f. chiloensis . Finland , Inocybe udicola on soil in mixed forest with Betula pendula , Populus tremula , Picea abies and Alnus incana . France , Myrmecridium normannianum on dead culm of unidentified Poaceae . Germany , Vexillomyces fraxinicola from symptomless stem wood of Fraxinus excelsior . India , Diaporthe limoniae on infected fruit of Limonia acidissima , Didymella naikii on leaves of Cajanus cajan , and Fulvifomes mangroviensis on basal trunk of Aegiceras corniculatum . Indonesia , Penicillium ezekielii from Zea mays kernels. Namibia , Neocamarosporium calicoremae and Neocladosporium calicoremae on stems of Calicorema capitata , and Pleiochaeta adenolobi on symptomatic leaves of Adenolobus pechuelii . Netherlands , Chalara pteridii on stems of Pteridium aquilinum , Neomackenziella juncicola (incl. Neomackenziella gen. nov.) and Sporidesmiella junci from dead culms of Juncus effusus . Pakistan , Inocybe longistipitata on soil in a Quercus forest. Poland , Phytophthora viadrina from rhizosphere soil of Quercus robur , and Septoria krystynae on leaf spots of Viscum album . Portugal (Azores) , Acrogenospora stellata on dead wood or bark. South Africa , Phyllactinia greyiae on leaves of Greyia sutherlandii and Punctelia anae on bark of Vachellia karroo . Spain , Anteaglonium lusitanicum on decaying wood of Prunus lusitanica subsp. lusitanica , Hawksworthiomyces riparius from fluvial sediments, Lophiostoma carabassense endophytic in roots of Limbarda crithmoides , and Tuber mohedanoi from calcareus soils. Spain (Canary Islands) , Mycena laurisilvae on stumps and woody debris. Sweden , Elaphomyces geminus from soil under Quercus robur . Thailand , Lactifluus chiangraiensis on soil under Pinus merkusii , Lactifluus nakhonphanomensis and Xerocomus sisongkhramensis on soil under Dipterocarpus trees. Ukraine , Valsonectria robiniae on dead twigs of Robinia hispida . USA , Spiralomyces americanus (incl. Spiralomyces gen. nov.) from office air. Morphological and culture characteristics are supported by DNA barcodes.
... Another viewpoint does not acknowledge the independence of Sporormiella and considers it as a later synonym of Preussia (Ahmad 1978, Valldosera et Guarro 1990, Guarro et al. 1997a, 1997b, Abdullah et al. 1999, Arenal et al. 2004, Chang et Wang 2009, Kruys et Wedin 2009, Asgari et Zare 2010, Mapperson et al. 2014, Kruys 2015, Gonzalez-Menendez et al. 2017. That opinion is based on rather vague distinctions between the two genera with respect to substrate preference (coprophilous vs. non-coprophilous) and morphological features of pseudothecia (ostiolate vs. non-ostiolate) and asci (cylindrical to cylindricalclavate vs. clavate to broadly clavate). ...
... P s e u d o p a r a p h y s e s filiform, septate, slightly exceeding the asci. (Niessl 1878b, Munk 1957, Fakirova 1968, Ahmed et Cain 1972, Furuya et Udagawa 1972, Bell 1983, 2005, Doveri 2004, Richardson 2004a, Treigienė 2004, Welt et Heine 2007, Kruys et Ericson 2008, Kruys 2015. ...
... H a b i t a t . On dung of deer, elk, fox, goat, grouse, hare, horse, moose, partridge, porcupine and rabbit (Ahmed et Cain 1972, Furuya et Udagawa 1972, Doveri 2004, Richardson 2004a, Treigienė 2004, Kruys et Ericson 2008, Kruys 2015. 3) × 4.5-[5.5]-6.8 ...
The article provides an update on the dung-inhabiting members of the Sporormiaceae in Ukraine. Overall, 26 species of Sporormia and the Preussia/Sporormiella species complex have been recorded in the country to date. Based on examination of specimens collected in 2007–2020, we report one species of Sporormia (S. fimetaria), two of Preussia s. str. (P. fleischhakii, P. funiculata) and 11 of Sporormiella (S. affinis, S. commutata, S. grandispora, S. heptamera, S. kansensis, S. leporina, S. longisporopsis, S. megalospora, S. muskokensis, S. octomera and S. pulchella). Of these, the genus Sporormia and four species of the other genera (P. fleischhakii, S. affinis, S. commutata and S. longisporopsis) are newly recorded in Ukraine. For all fourteen species, their morphological characters are described, illustrated and discussed; occurrence records, habitat and distribution data are also provided. This study extends the distribution ranges of these fungi eastwards within Europe and contributes to their substrate list.
... The relationship between Preussia and Sporormiella has been questioned by several authors. They are considered synonyms due to their similar morphological features and results of phylogenetic analyses (Kruys & Wedin 2009;Mapperson et al. 2014;Kruys 2015;Crous et al. 2018). Only Preussia, along with five other accepted genera, is included in the family Sporormiaceae in the Outline of Ascomycota: 2017 by Wijayawardene et al. (2018). ...
Here, Diaporthe myracrodruonis is introduced as new species from Brazil, isolated as endophyte from Myracrodruon urundeuva. Asterina mandaquiensis is epitypified and ilustrated for the first time. Serpula similis is reported as new to the Neotropics, while Perenniporia centrali-africana is reported for the first time as endophyte and Preussia africana as endophyte from Spondias tuberosa in Caatinga in Brazil.
... Martin and Klein, 1984;Koch and Barnosky, 2006;Field et al., 2008;Nogu es-Bravo et al., 2010;Brook et al., 2013;Wroe et al., 2013;Stuart, 2015). Recently, several papers have used the occurrence of Sporormiella spores (now referred to as Preussia sp.: Arenal et al., 2007;Kruys and Wedin, 2009;Mapperson et al., 2014;Kruys, 2015) to indicate the presence of megaherbivores, including for Sahul (Late Pleistocene Australia-New Guinea). The authors (e.g. ...
Understanding the loss of the final few species of Australian megafauna is beset by a paucity of data on human arrival, well‐provenanced megafauna, human/megafauna population range and distribution (coexistence and interaction), and the range, scale and impact of environmental changes spanning the human–megafauna period. To overcome these shortcomings, the occurrence and decline of coprophilous fungal spores of Sporormiella in sediments have been used as a proxy for extinct megaherbivores. The Sporormiella evidence is presented as the key indicator of extinction timing and these reports are often from locations where there is no known archaeological record or megafauna remains. However, interpreting fungal spore occurrence is not straightforward, as demonstrated by studies investigating taphonomy, taxonomy and the types of animal dung where Sporormiella occurs. No detailed studies on these problems exist for Australia and no evidence supporting the use of Sporormiella as a valid proxy has been reported. Here we examine the occurrence of Sporormiella spores from Cuddie Springs in south‐eastern Australia. Despite a well‐preserved suite of megafauna fossils, Sporormiella occurrence is sporadic and frequencies are low. We conclude that using Sporormiella alone as an indicator for the presence of megafauna is premature for the Australian context.
... 6,7 Moreover, recent molecular phylogenetic studies have revealed that Preussia and Sporormiella do not form monophyletic clades, but rather their DNA sequences become intermingled in phylogenetic trees. 6,8,9 Both Preussia and Sporormiella are known to be prolific producers of bioactive polyketides, including depsidones. 10−12 In particular, Preussia similis (Khan & Cain) Arenal 13,14 was found to be a rich source of antifungal compounds, such as similins A and B 15 and preussomerin A. 16 From our collection of endophytic fungi isolated from the medicinal plant Globularia alypum Linn. ...
Six novel bioactive bicyclic polyketides (1−6) were isolated from cultures of an endophytic fungus of the
medicinal plant Globularia alypum collected in Batna, Algeria. The producer organism was identified as Preussia similis using morphological and molecular phylogenetic methods. The structures of metabolites 1−6, for which the trivial names preussilides A−F are proposed, were elucidated using a combination of spectral methods, including extensive 2D NMR spectroscopy, high- resolution mass spectrometry, and CD spectroscopy. Preussilides were tested for antimicrobial and antiproliferative effects, and, in particular, compounds 1 and 3 showed selective activities against eukaryotes. Subsequent studies on the influence of 1 and 3 on the morphology of human osteosarcoma cells (U2OS) suggest that these two polyketides might target an enzyme involved in coordination of the cell division cycle. Hence, they might, for instance, affect timing or spindle assembly mechanisms, leading to defects in chromosome segregation and/or spindle geometry
Anteaglonium lusitanicum A. Mateos, S. De la Peña-Lastra & M. Serrano, sp. nov. on decaying wood of Prunus lusitanica subsp. lusitanica
Acrogenospora stellata De la Peña-Lastra, A. Mateos & Quijada, sp. nov. Fungal Planet 1436 – Persoonia 49, 2022: 261– 350
Pastoralism is considered a crucial factor in the eventual year-round occupation of high-altitude regions (>3000 m asl) of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, and the northeastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (NE-QTP) was an important corridor for early human occupation. We analyzed fossil fungal spore records for the last 8500 years from a high resolution aeolian section at Langgeri (LGR) on the NE-QTP Thirty-two fungal spore types were identified in the LGR section, including seven coprophilous types. We combined analysis of coprophilous fungal spores, Cyperaceae, Artemisia, and Hippophae pollen, and the charcoal >50 µm fraction to explore the timing and controls of pastoralism on the NE-QTP since the middle Holocene. Pastoralism commenced at LGR shortly before ca. 5.5 ka and gradually increased between ca. 5.5–3.5 ka, but markedly intensified after ca. 2.2 ka, with three periods of growth at ca. 2.1–1.9,1.4–1.2, and 0.6–0 ka, and a decline at ca. 1.1–0.6 ka. The timing of changes in pastoral activity on the NE-QTP based on the coprophilous fungal spore record is supported by regional archeology and historical documents. Technological and political developments, rather than climate change, played key roles in the long-term fluctuations of regional pastoralism on the NE-QTP in the late Holocene.
