Figure 4 - uploaded by Agostino Stilli
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Pressure sensor output while under the pressure controller. Red line indicates the desired input pressure while the blue indicates the input pressure reading.
Source publication
This paper presents a novel, low cost, organ perfusion machine designed for use in research. The modular and versatile nature of the system allows for additional sensing equipment to be added or adapted for specific use. Here we introduce the system and present its preliminary evaluation by assessing its ability to maintain a predetermined input pr...
Contexts in source publication
Context 1
... centrifugal pump as it tries to compensate for the change in pressure. Large fluctuations have the potential of stalling or damaging the pump. The results show sudden changes in pressure caused by these disturbances but no overall effect on the behavior of the controller. The pressure readings for blood flow into the liver via the HA are shown in Fig. 4 and indicate that the controller achieved a settling time of approximately 20 s and a small overshoot (less than 2 mmHg). Steady state appears to be achieved within 6 s -10 s and remaining stable over time. A larger overshoot occurs with sudden decreases in pressure but remains relatively small and the control system was able to follow ...
Context 2
... centrifugal pump as it tries to compensate for the change in pressure. Large fluctuations have the potential of stalling or damaging the pump. The results show sudden changes in pressure caused by these disturbances but no overall effect on the behavior of the controller. The pressure readings for blood flow into the liver via the HA are shown in Fig. 4 and indicate that the controller achieved a settling time of approximately 20 s and a small overshoot (less than 2 mmHg). Steady state appears to be achieved within 6 s -10 s and remaining stable over time. A larger overshoot occurs with sudden decreases in pressure but remains relatively small and the control system was able to follow ...
Citations
... Blood was warmed via the heat exchange circuit controlled via a peristaltic pump (Watson-Marlow, 520 DU). Further tests conducted on the system demonstrate its capability of maintaining set sensing measurements such as pressure via the use of a proportional integral derivative (PID) controller [12]. ...
Purpose
This paper presents an assessment of a low-cost organ perfusion machine designed for use in research settings. The machine is modular and versatile in nature, built on a robotic operating system (ROS2) pipeline allowing for the addition of specific sensors for different research applications. Here we present the system and the development stages to achieve viability of the perfused organ.
Methods
The machine’s perfusion efficacy was assessed by monitoring the distribution of perfusate in livers using methylene blue dye. Functionality was evaluated by measuring bile production after 90 min of normothermic perfusion, while viability was examined using aspartate transaminase assays to monitor cell damage throughout the perfusion. Additionally, the output of the pressure, flow, temperature, and oxygen sensors was monitored and recorded to track the health of the organ during perfusion and assess the system’s capability of maintaining the quality of data over time.
Results
The results show the system is capable of successfully perfusing porcine livers for up to three hours. Functionality and viability assessments show no deterioration of liver cells once normothermic perfusion had occurred and bile production was within normal limits of approximately 26 ml in 90 min showing viability.
Conclusion
The developed low-cost perfusion system presented here has been shown to keep porcine livers viable and functional ex vivo. Additionally, the system is capable of easily incorporating several sensors into its framework and simultaneously monitor and record them during perfusion. The work promotes further exploration of the system in different research domains.
