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Background
Dengue is a common arthropod-borne viral disease with a variable clinical spectrum, course, and outcome.
Method
We conducted a prospective observational study describing the clinical profile of patients hospitalized for dengue with warning signs during the 2019 epidemic.
Result
A total of 1349 patients with dengue, including 459 with w...
Context in source publication
Context 1
... presentation and indications for hospitalization are enumerated in Table 2. The most common indication for hospitalization was the presence of warning manifestations; males presented predominantly with recurrent vomiting while the females presented with generalized weakness, lethargy, or restlessness. ...Citations
... Dengue is the commonest arbovirus infection seen in the world and has emerged as a major public health concern. The spectrum of this disease varies from a self-limiting course to life-threatening manifestations [6] . From 2017 to 2022, approximately 0.8 million dengue cases were reported in India [7] . ...
Introduction: Dengue is an acute viral illness caused by the Flaviviridae RNA virus and spread by the Aedes mosquito. Being a tropical illness, knowledge of its demographic and clinical profiles and seasonal incidence can aid in the management and control of the disease. Additionally, it is important to know the relationship between thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, transaminitis, and the severity of dengue and its mortality and morbidity. It is aimed to assess the clinical profile of patients with dengue at a tertiary care center.
Materials and Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital located in South India. The medical records of patients admitted between January 2022 to December 2022 were reviewed. A total of 582 patients were screened, and 539 patients with a definite diagnosis of dengue were selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. We obtain data on the demographic and clinical profile of dengue, seasonal variation in the incidence of dengue, degree of thrombocytopenia, transaminitis, albumin/globulin (A/G) ratio and number of days in hospital. All the analyses were performed using Microsoft Excel 2021. The continuous variables are presented as means, standard deviations, and minimum and maximum values. The categorical variables are presented as frequencies and percentages.
Results: The present study included 539 participants with a mean age of 30.23±13.81 years. Most participants (80.52%) suffered from dengue without warning signs. The incidence of dengue was higher during winter (60.11%) than during the other seasons. Most participants suffering from dengue without warning signs had severe thrombocytopenia (49.35%), leukopenia (46.20%) and transaminitis severity of Grade 1 (35.44%) based on serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase levels and Grade 0 (39.89%) based on serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase levels. Furthermore, most of these patients had a normal A/G ratio (63.64%) and moderate morbidity (69.76%).
Conclusion: Dengue without warning signs was the most common type of dengue seen. These participants had varying degrees of thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, and transaminitis, moderate morbidity, and low mortality. The present study is the first of its kind to associate the type of dengue and different hematological conditions with the morbidity and mortality of patients with dengue which helps in early identification of types of dengue and effective management.
Emerging mosquito-borne viruses continue to cause serious health problems and economic burden among billions of people living in and near the tropical belt of the world. The highly invasive mosquito species Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus have successively invaded and expanded their presence as key vectors of Chikungunya virus, dengue virus, yellow fever virus, and Zika virus, and that has consecutively led to frequent outbreaks of the corresponding viral diseases. Of note, these two mosquito species have gradually adapted to the changing weather and environmental conditions leading to a shift in the epidemiology of the viral diseases, and facilitated their establishment in new ecozones inhabited by immunologically naive human populations. Many abilities of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus, as vectors of significant arbovirus pathogens, may affect the infection and transmission rates after a bloodmeal, and may influence the vector competence for either virus. We highlight that many collaborating risk factors, for example, the global transportation systems may result in sporadic and more local outbreaks caused by mosquito-borne viruses related to Ae. aegypti and/or Ae. albopictus. Those local outbreaks could in synergy grow and produce larger epidemics with pandemic characters. There is an urgent need for improved surveillance of vector populations, human cases, and reliable prediction models. In summary, we recommend new and innovative strategies for the prevention of these types of infections.
