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Decalcified bone matrix has great potential and application prospects in the repair of bone defects due to its good biocompatibility and osteogenic activity. In order to verify whether fish decalcified bone matrix (FDBM) has similar structure and efficacy, this study used the principle of HCl decalcification to prepare the FDBM by using fresh halib...
Citations
... Decalcified bone matrix (DBM) is an artificial bone material obtained by decalcifying biological bone. It is considered as an ideal bone regeneration scaffold due to its good biocompatibility and osteogenic activity (Liu et al., 2023). Previously, we have conducted experiments to investigate the potential of allogenic fetal BMSCbased bone tissue engineering strategy for healing critical-sized bone defect in a rabbit model of osteoporosis (Wang et al., 2015). ...
Background
Diabetes mellitus is a systematic disease which exert detrimental effect on bone tissue. The repair and reconstruction of bone defects in diabetic patients still remain a major clinical challenge. This study aims to investigate the potential of bone tissue engineering approach to improve bone regeneration under diabetic condition.
Methods
In the present study, decalcified bone matrix (DBM) scaffolds were seeded with allogenic fetal bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and cultured in osteogenic induction medium to fabricate BMSC/DBM constructs. Then the BMSC/DBM constructs were implanted in both subcutaneous pouches and large femoral bone defects in diabetic (BMSC/DBM in DM group) and non-diabetic rats (BMSC/DBM in non-DM group), cell-free DBM scaffolds were implanted in diabetic rats to serve as the control group (DBM in DM group). X-ray, micro-CT and histological analyses were carried out to evaluate the bone regenerative potential of BMSC/DBM constructs under diabetic condition.
Results
In the rat subcutaneous implantation model, quantitative micro-CT analysis demonstrated that BMSC/DBM in DM group showed impaired bone regeneration activity compared with the BMSC/DBM in non-DM group (bone volume: 46 ± 4.4 mm³ vs 58.9 ± 7.15 mm³, *p < 0.05). In the rat femoral defect model, X-ray examination demonstrated that bone union was delayed in BMSC/DBM in DM group compared with BMSC/DBM in non-DM group. However, quantitative micro-CT analysis showed that after 6 months of implantation, there was no significant difference in bone volume and bone density between the BMSC/DBM in DM group (199 ± 63 mm³ and 593 ± 65 mg HA/ccm) and the BMSC/DBM in non-DM group (211 ± 39 mm³ and 608 ± 53 mg HA/ccm). Our data suggested that BMSC/DBM constructs could repair large bone defects in diabetic rats, but with delayed healing process compared with non-diabetic rats.
Conclusion
Our study suggest that biomaterial sacffolds seeded with allogenic fetal BMSCs represent a promising strategy to induce and improve bone regeneration under diabetic condition.
Tissue engineering deploys cell-seeded scaffolds with good biocompatibility, robust microstructure, mechanical characteristics, and controlled biodegradability. Due to the potential hazard of various non-biodegradable substances, valorised calcium-rich polymers from marine waste and eggshells are gaining more research approaches in tissue engineering with wound healing scaffold applications. This study aims to assess the application of marine waste and eggshells in wound healing from calcium-rich polymers and its characterization with the available formulations. These materials offer diverse advantages in developing novel wound healing materials to improve patient outcomes. Recently, several dermal formulations including film and microneedle-based dressings with transdermal medication delivery capabilities have been reported, and novel microneedle wound dressings with superfine needle tips are developed utilizing these calcium-rich polymer for painless drug delivery. Gelatine obtained after processing fish scales and bones is often referred to as fish-scale gelatine, which have been utilized as a reliable component of packaging materials-deployed foods and cosmeceutical products. Owing to its high proteinase’s constituents, eggshell waste and fish scale gelatine investigated to reduce and stabilize metallic nanoparticles and explored for multifunctional applications especially as antimicrobial. Therefore, valorised calcium-rich biomass from marine and eggshell waste could serve as a potential source of biomaterial for fabricating drug delivery carriers.
Graphical Abstract
