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Pollens from Ambrosia species have a strong allergenic potential and they represent a complex mixture of at least 52 different antigens. This weed is widespread in Serbia and has a long pollination period (appr. 100 days). Pollens are present in very high concentrations during the pollination season (up to 300 pg/m3 of air). Fifty dogs with a clini...
Citations
... The allergens associated with CAD are numerous (Hill and DeBoer, 2001). House dust and house dust mite are the most common indoor allergens in dogs with AD (Milčić-Matić et al., 2010;Ozkan and Uysal, 2011;Tzu-Yang and Hui-Pi, 2009;Youn et al., 2002;Zur et al., 2002), while reactivity to moulds, pollen from grasses and weeds (aeroallergens) is geographically determined ( Hill and DeBoer 2001;Ozkan and Uysal, 2011;Taszkun, 2011;Youn et al., 2002;Zur et al., 2002). ...
... In the previously prepared zone, 0.05 ml of each allergen as well as controls were applied intradermally using a 1 ml syringe with 26 G needle. During application of allergens, dogs were placed in lateral recumbency Milčić-Matić et al., 2010). IDT results were evaluated 15 minutes after allergen application and were subjectively graded on scale 0-4 according to approximate height, firmness and erythema of the wheal. ...
... Reactions equal to negative control were graded as 0, while reactions equal to positive control were graded as 4+. Reactions assigned values 1+, 2+ and 3+ comprise ¼, ½ and ¾ differences between the positive and negative control (Milčić-Matić et al., 2010). ...
Abstract
Canine atopic dermatitis (CAD) is a common skin disease and numerous factors participate
in forming clinical features of this disease. Intradermal tests (IDT) enabled determination
of allergen(s) involved in CAD. Allergens that can be related with CAD are numerous and
depend on geographical region. The purpose of this study was to identify the most frequent
allergen(s) associated with CAD to which dogs with atopic dermatitis (AD) most often react
with hypersensitive reaction. IDT were performed with 15 allergens on fifty dogs with clinical
signs of AD. Mixed breed (n= 10), Pekingese (n= 9), Labrador Retriever (n= 6) and American
Staffordshire Terriers (n= 5) were the most common breeds among 50 tested dogs. The majority
of dogs showed clinical signs of AD at age of less than three years. Clinical signs appeared
seasonally in the spring and summer. Pruritus was present in 74% cases. Polysensitization
was noted in 96% of tested dogs, while 4% of tested dogs were negative to used allergens.
The highest percentage of allergen positive reactions was to house dust (78%,) and house
dust mite (68%) (p<0.01, respectively).
... According to our knowledge, the study of the presence of Malassezia spp. in our country have only been studied in dogs with atopic dermatitis (Milčić-Matić et al., 2010). The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of Malassezia spp. on skin and in the external ear canal in group of animals (healthy and animals with the signs of dermatitis/otitis externa) using simple methods of diagnosis that are available in clinical practice on every day basis. ...
... The prevalence of Malassezia spp. in external ear canal of аll-examined animals was 49% (49/100). The literature data show that the prevalence of Malassezia spp. is in the range from 10% (Bond et al., 1997) to 49% (Crespo et al., 2000) in healthy animals, and from 19% (Greene, 1998) to 83% (Crespo et al., 2000) in animals with otitis externa. In our study, the prevalence of Malassezia spp. in external ear canal (picture 1) of diseased animals was 57.5% (23/40), and 43.3% (26/60) for healthy ones. ...
... According to our knowledge, the study of the presence of Malassezia spp. in our country have only been studied in dogs with atopic dermatitis (Milčić-Matić et al., 2010). The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of Malassezia spp. on skin and in the external ear canal in group of animals (healthy and animals with the signs of dermatitis/otitis externa) using simple methods of diagnosis that are available in clinical practice on every day basis. ...
... The prevalence of Malassezia spp. in external ear canal of аll-examined animals was 49% (49/100). The literature data show that the prevalence of Malassezia spp. is in the range from 10% (Bond et al., 1997) to 49% (Crespo et al., 2000) in healthy animals, and from 19% (Greene, 1998) to 83% (Crespo et al., 2000) in animals with otitis externa. In our study, the prevalence of Malassezia spp. in external ear canal (picture 1) of diseased animals was 57.5% (23/40), and 43.3% (26/60) for healthy ones. ...
The polymorphism of peroxidase was studied in 31 cherry
accessions, representing six following species Prunus cerasus, Prunus avium,
Prunus fruticosa, Prunus mahaleb, Prunus serrulata, Prunus gondouinii and
two widely-used standard cherry rootstocks ‘Gisela 5’ and ‘Colt’. Six
‘Oblačinska’sour cherries, four wild sweet cherries, five ground and one
mahaleb genotypes were selected from the natural populations of Serbia. Inner
barks from one-year-old shoots and young actively growing leaves were used for
protein extraction. The polymorphism of peroxidase was obtained both for leaf
and inner bark tissues. The analysis of the leaf material showed the unique
zymograms for all six species and two interspecies hybrids. Higher numbers of
polymorphic loci and banding patterns were detected when protein was
extracted from the leaves, than from inner bark. Obtained results indicate that
the polymorphism determination of genus Prunus, subgenus Cerasus can be
done on the basis of peroxidase, but it would not be useful for discrimination of
different genotypes and clones.
... According to our knowledge, the study of the presence of Malassezia spp. in our country have only been studied in dogs with atopic dermatitis (Milčić-Matić et al., 2010). The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of Malassezia spp. on skin and in the external ear canal in group of animals (healthy and animals with the signs of dermatitis/otitis externa) using simple methods of diagnosis that are available in clinical practice on every day basis. ...
... The prevalence of Malassezia spp. in external ear canal of аll-examined animals was 49% (49/100). The literature data show that the prevalence of Malassezia spp. is in the range from 10% (Bond et al., 1997) to 49% (Crespo et al., 2000) in healthy animals, and from 19% (Greene, 1998) to 83% (Crespo et al., 2000) in animals with otitis externa. In our study, the prevalence of Malassezia spp. in external ear canal (picture 1) of diseased animals was 57.5% (23/40), and 43.3% (26/60) for healthy ones. ...
This study was explored to determine the effect of the grain
yield and its related characteristics on 10 open-pollinated maize varieties and
their 45 F1 hybrids using correlation and path coefficient analysis. A two-year
study was conducted on maize genotypes at the University of Ilorin Teaching
and Research Farm Ilorin, Nigeria, during 2005 and 2006 growing seasons.
Positive and significant phenotypic and genotypic correlations were found for
days to 50% tasselling with plant and ear height, and grain yield with plant
height, number of grains ear-1 and ear weight. Positive and significant
environmental correlation was also recorded for grain yield with plant and ear
height, and ear weight. The path analysis revealed that, days to 50% silking,
ear weight and number of grains ear-1 had the highest direct effect on grain
yield, while number of grains ear-1 had the highest moderate indirect negative
effects on grain yield. Days to flowering, plant and ear height, number of grains
ear-1 and ear weight could be the important selection criteria in improving open
pollinated maize varieties and hybrids for high grain yield.
... According to the intradermal skin test (IDST) results from the USA (Scott, 1981;Nesbitt et al., 1984), France (Beco and Fontaine, 1995) and Greece (Saridomichelakis et al., 1999), ragweed pollen causes a positive reaction in 7.7-59% of dogs with AD (Hill and DeBoer, 2001) and 77% of atopic dogs have elevated IgE levels against this pollen, as revealed by ELISA (Kleinbeck, 1994;Hill and DeBoer, 2001). Results from Serbia indicate that ragweed allergens are important in CAD development, since 66% of atopic dogs showed a positive IDST with its pollen extract, right after house dust mites (Milcic-Matic et al., 2010). ...
... As part of the clinical evaluation, these animals were intradermally tested, one to three months after completion of the ragweed pollination season with its pollen aqueous extract (1000 PNU/ml, Institute of Virology, Vaccines and Sera, "Torlak", Belgrade, Serbia) as previously described (Milcic-Matic et al., 2010. No anti-inflammatory medication was given for at least 3 weeks prior to the intradermal skin test. ...
... Canine atopic dermatitis is estimated to affect 10-15% of the canine population and its prevalence is increasing (Hillier and Griffin, 2001;Scott et al., 2001). The results of a study from Serbia are in accordance with these findings (Milcic-Matic et al., 2010). In the United States, ragweed pollen represents the major seasonal source of allergenic protein compared to other pollen sources, with a prevalence of about 50% in atopic human individuals (Boulet et al., 1997;Wopfner et al., 2005). ...
Canine atopic dermatitis (CAD) is an immune system disorder that affects 10-15% of the canine population. Short ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia) pollen represents one of the major seasonal sources of allergenic pollen proteins in Europe, particularly in the Pannonian valley of the Balkan region. In Serbia, about 66% of atopic dogs showed a positive intradermal skin test with its pollen extract, which is second to house dust mites. Therefore, characterization of Ambrosia artemisiifolia pollen components, in terms of defining major and minor allergens that induce clinically manifested allergic reaction in dogs, is important for valid diagnosis and efficient therapy.
The presence of M. pachydermatis was investigated in 192 skin and ear samples originated from 50 dogs with atopic dermatitis. Correlation of M. pachydermatis isolation with age, sex, breed, living condition, onset of symptoms of atopic dermatitis (AD), intradermal test (IDT) results and sampling site was analyzed. M. pachydermatis was isolated from 49 samples (29 from the ears and 20 from skin). Greater number of isolates was noted in purebred dogs (29.8%) compared to the cross breeds (8.1%) (p<0.05). No statistically significant difference was found in the number of isolates between ear and skin samples (29.6% and 21.3%, respectively). Yeast isolation was more frequently noted from ear than from skin samples in dogs over 3 years of age, and in dogs with autumn and winter onset of symptoms. Out of 29 isolates from the ears, 28 (98.5%) originated from purebred dog samples (p<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference noted considering the otitis presence. However, this yeast was more commonly isolated from purebred dogs in a group without otitis (p<0.05). More frequent isolation was noted from leg and paw samples than from groin and hip samples in male dogs; while in dogs over 3 years of age, more frequent isolation was noted from ear samples than from groin and hip samples (p=0.05). In dogs with positive IDT to house dust and house dust mite, M. pachydermatis was more present in leg and paw than in groin and hip samples (p<0.05).
Coat color is an obvious phenotypic characteristic. When coat color changes, it is readily observable and may be a cause for concern among veterinary clients. Some coat color changes are expected. Consider, for example, those feline breeds with color‐point coat patterns. Siamese and Tonkinese cats are born white and develop highlights of color at extremities as they age. Those unfamiliar with the breed and/or new breeders may benefit from education concerning normal development so that they have appropriate expectations. Other coat color changes, while expected, are an adverse response to medical therapy. For instance, a late effect of radiation therapy in many companion animal patients is leukotrichia, the whitening of fur in irradiated regions of the body. Other coat color changes are equally drastic, such as the stark transformation of black‐coated dogs and cats into red or rust‐brown. Some of these changes are reversible. Others, such as age‐related graying of the muzzle, are not. Most changes are strictly cosmetic; however, salivary and tear staining indicate underlying conditions that may require medical management. One cannot underestimate the importance of taking a thorough dietary history, as well as performing a comprehensive physical examination. In situations where underlying disease exists, these tools may provide clues as to the nature of the problem and what, if anything, the clinician can do to manage, if not resolve, the issue.
In order to explore the aerobiological
particles present at high altitude five
years of measurements were carried out
at the monitoring station housed in the
Alpine Botanical Garden of Campo Imperatore.
The Botanical Garden is located
in the Gran Sasso massif (in the Gran
Sasso Monti della Laga National Park)
at 2117 m a.s.l. and it accommodates the
main peculiar species of the regional
mountainous flora. At present there are
some over 300 autochthonous plant
species cultivated in the Garden, with
particular attention being paid to those
that are rare and vulnerable including
numerous endemic species and glacial
relicts (1). The vascular flora of the Gran
Sasso has 2364 species accounting for
72.3% of the flora of Abruzzo region
(2).The aerobiological monitoring was
conducted only in summer months due
to severe weather condition that avoid
the access to the garden during the rest
of the year. The natural vegetation of the
Gran Sasso area is composed of various
types of habitats such as meadows, cliffs,
scree and rocks. The analysis of the percentage
of airborne pollens shows that
most of the grains belong to the families
of Urticaceae (44% in the year 2012),
Asteraceae (23% in the year 2009),
Gramineae (28% in the year 2012) were
also identified pollen of Euphorbiaceae,
Polygonaceae, Pinaceae, Umbelliferae,
Corylaceae and Fagaceae (Castanea sativa).
As far as the fungal spores was detected
the presence of Alternaria, Cladosporium,
Epicoccum, Helminthosporium,
Pleospora, Polythrincium, Stemphylium
and Torula, the most prevalent are Alternaria
and Cladosporium. In Abruzzo
region the presence of Ambrosia
psilostachya is certain in the sandy beaches
of Martinsicuro (Te) while in Marche
region is present Ambrosia artemisiifolia
at various location (between Pesaro and
Falconara), along the river Candigliano
(at Furlo) and along the river Metauro
(at Fossombrone) (3). During the summer
season of the years 2010-2013 were
captured and identified pollen compatible
with Ambrosia. In particular, were
identified respectively: 6 pollens (August
2010), 36 pollens (August / September
2011); 37 pollens (August / September
2012); 36 pollens (August / September
2013). The study presented here, carried
out in collaboration with the Center of
Excellence CETEMPS, aims to identify
the origin of the pollens detected at the
Botanical Garden of Campo Imperatore
using the back-trajectories analysis.
These observations and analysis allow us
to identify the possibility of transport at
high altitude of pollens produced in
Central European area and the Balkan
Peninsula.
Canine atopic dermatitis (CAD) is one of the most common skin diseases of dogs. It is estimated that 10-15% of the dogs are showing clinical symptoms of this disease. Canine atopic dermatitis is defined as genetically predisposed inflammatory and pruritic allergic skin disease with characteristic clinical symptoms. It is related to the production of IgE antibodies, mostly directed against external allergens. Allergens that can cause canine atopic dermatitis are quite numerous and depend on the geographical characteristics of research location. Theaim of the study is to determine the most common allergens that can cause canine atopic dermatitis. The research was conducted according to medical records of 100 dogs during a period from the beginning of 2008 to the end of 2012 from the Department for skin diseases of small animals of the Clinic of equine, small animal, poultry and wild animal diseases at the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Belgrade. According to the clinical documentation, all of the tested dogs had clinically manifested symptoms of CAD. In order to confirm the diagnosis and detect the causative allergens, intradermal testing has been done.
This testing has been performed with a standard set of 24 allergens specific to the geographical
area of the research, produced in the Institute of Virology, Vaccines and Sera “Torlak”.
According to the results, the highest percentage of positive responses was established for the
following allergens: house dust mites (Dermatophagoides sp.) 67%, ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia) 61%, household dust 60%, cocks foot (Dactylis sp.) 59%, mix of weed pollen 57%.
Common ragweed (Ambrosia atremisiifolia) is one of the most frequent causes of pollen-induced allergic reactions both in humans and dogs. It has not been defined yet, what is the major allergen(s) to which most dogs allergic to ragweed show a positive result on intradermal skin test (IDST). In the present study sensitization to Ambrosia artemisiifolia pollen allergens in dogs with atopic dermatitis was examined with both in vivo and in vitro tests, including IDST and serum allergen specific IgE test. Detection of specific-IgE antibodies against ragweed allergens by immunoblotting in the sera of allergic dogs was optimized, as well. Dogs that were positive, as judged by IDST reactions to ragweed pollen allergens, also had alergen specific IgE antibodies in their sera. Results indicate that major allergens of A. artemisifolia pollen in dogs are Amb a 1 and Amb a 2. Further characterization of ragweed allergens is needed before they could potentially be used in intradermal testing or allergen immunotherapy in affected dogs. Also, we evaluated new Favrots diagnostic criteria for canine atopic dermatitis in dogs allergic to Ambrosia atremisiifolia pollen. It might be concluded that proposed criteria are of great assistance for seting up suspected diagnosis of canine atopic dermatitis, after ruling out other pruritic dermatoses.
