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![– Poinciana pulcherrima L. Example of a decorative pot in Houttuyn's Java herbarium in L. [© Nationaal Herbarium Nederland, Naturalis, L]](profile/Martin-Callmander/publication/317226475/figure/fig2/AS:506915765448704@1497869544711/Poinciana-pulcherrima-L-Example-of-a-decorative-pot-in-Houttuyns-Java-herbarium-in-L.png)
– Poinciana pulcherrima L. Example of a decorative pot in Houttuyn's Java herbarium in L. [© Nationaal Herbarium Nederland, Naturalis, L]
Source publication
The contribution made by Martinus Houttuyn (1720-1798) to systematic botany has been widely underestimated. Fourteen volumes of the second part of his Natuurlijke Historie of Uitvoerige Beschrijving der Dieren, Planten en Mineraalen, published between 1773 and 1783, dealt with botany. Houttuyn popularized the Linnaean system and published more than...
Contexts in source publication
Context 1
... simple pot printed in blue was found in L : a specimen of Caesalpinia pulcherrima (L.) Sw. (Fig. 1), but more elaborate designs were used, as in Plumeria acuminata Ait. (Fig. ...
Context 2
... (Nat. Hist. II (7) : 539-540, tab. 42, fig. 1 ; Convolvulus obscurus L.), "in the beautiful collection of East Indian plants, kindly delivered to me by J.C.M. Radermacher Esq., Extraordinary Councillor of Dutch India, this year, I find a species of Bindweed". Houttuyn's type specimen of Ipomoea pilosa Houtt. (Nat. Hist. II (7) : 573-574, tab. 42, fig. 2. 1777), "from my said East India collection", probably formed part of this Radermacher shipment as well, although there is a pos- sibility that Thunberg made this collection. On his way back from Japan, Thunberg arrived on 4 January 1777 at Batavia and was frequently invited for dinner by Radermacher (Thunberg, 1796, vol. 4 : 162-163). ...
Context 3
... Ipomoea pilosa Houtt., Nat. Hist. II (7) : Aanwyz. Plaat. [2], 573, tab. 42, fig. 2 fig. 4. ...
Context 4
... Nepeta incana Thunb. ex Houtt., Nat. Hist. II(9) : Aanwyz. Plaat. [2], 306, tab. 56, fig. 2. ...
Context 5
... Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 2 : 97. 1866. Notes. -A specimen in the Java herbarium is in L (L-898.111-57). It represents material of Plumeria rubra L. (see Nat. Hist. II(2) : 178. 1774) (Fig. 2). Two leaves and an inflorescence are mounted with a mid-18th century pot, so far only known from this sheet (G. Thijsse, pers. comm. to the first author). Another specimen without provenance is present in the Thunberg herbarium (UPS-THUNB n° 6128). Notes. -Candolle (1811, 1824) identified and depicted a Thunberg collection from Ceylon ...
Context 6
... A specimen annotated as "S. rotundifolia" is in the Thunberg herbarium (UPS-THUNB n° 15869), and another one is in L [L.0079191], annotated "Sida cordifolia. Linn." and with a brief description by Houttuyn. The collection UPS-THUNB n° 15821 represents S. cordifolia, which was cul- tivated in the Uppsala Botanical Garden without provenance. fig. 2. ...
Citations
... Dr. Houtuyn"). As Houttuyn made no international collections himself, any fruits of Sapindus undoubtedly came from other collectors and quite possibly Houttuyn's material had come from Thunberg (Wijnands et al. 2017). The Thunberg specimen at UPS only consists of a stem and three leaves without fruit, and it cannot be assumed to be a duplicate of Houttuyn's material. ...
... The Thunberg specimen at UPS only consists of a stem and three leaves without fruit, and it cannot be assumed to be a duplicate of Houttuyn's material. Houttyn's (1774: 310-317) account of Sapindus probably predates his acquisition of Thunberg material from Japan (Wijnands et al. 2017). Thus, the illustration from the protologue of S. mukorossi is chosen as lectotype, though it is demonstrably ambiguous and not diagnostic for species identification (Sennikov 2022). ...
Sapindus (Sapindaceae) consists of 13–20 species of trees that are well known for their soap-making properties and the utility of their hard, spheroidal seeds for ornament or games. Section Sapindus has the most wide-ranging distribution within the genus, native to the Americas, Asia, Melanesia, and Polynesia. The number of species recognized in sect. Sapindus has ranged from only one species (S. saponaria) in several treatments to as many as seven species in Radlkofer’s monograph of the family. Undertaking a revision of Sapindus sect. Sapindus, over 1000 herbarium specimens were studied (physically or digitally) and four species were studied in in the field and/or in cultivation. Within sect. Sapindus, 12 species are here recognized, including three newly described species (S. marikuru, S. motu-koita, and S. standleyi), one new combination (S. tricarpus), one new subspecies (S. saponaria subsp. jardinianus), and one new variety (S. drummondii var. glabratus). Oceanic and animal-mediated dispersal are likely responsible for the wide distribution of sect. Sapindus, and human-aided dispersal is probably much more limited than has been suggested by prior authors. The native distribution of S. saponaria subsp. saponaria is emended to include only southern Florida (USA), Mexico, the Caribbean Islands, Central America, South America, and the Galápagos. Another two species of Sapindus from Vietnam that cannot confidently be assigned to any one section of Sapindus are briefly discussed.
... Houttuyn (1783) was probably the first westerner to write about the macrofungi of Sri Lanka. He was a Dutch naturalist and a systematic botanist (Wijnands et al., 2017). Berkeley and Broome (1871) provided descriptions for 23 species of mushroom belonging to the Entolomataceae (Pegler, 1977). ...
ABSTRACT
Sri Lanka, with a humid tropical climate, is a potentially fungus-rich country. It has been estimated to have 33,000 species of fungi, but little more than 2000 of these have been documented. Compared to limited number studies of microfungi, more research has been directed toward lichens and macrofungi by mycologists in Sri Lanka. Some studies have been carried out on the taxonomy of microfungi, but based on estimates of the size of this group for other regions of the world, many more microfungi remain to be discovered. Very few edible mushrooms are consumed by people in Sri Lanka mainly due to the lack of knowledge, while commercial mushroom cultivation is also limited to a very few examples. This chapter addresses the current status of macrofungi, microfungi (including fungus-like organisms), and lichenological studies in Sri Lanka.
... Isotype:-JAPAN ["e Japonia"], C.P. Thunberg s.n. (UPS-THUNB No. 24496).Note: As reported byVeldkamp (2004) andWijnands et al. (2017), Houttuyn received a herbarium sheet from Thunberg, now in G (G00818012). On this sheet Thunberg had included his unpublished name Acrostichum hastatum Thunb. ...
Following the advice of Carl Linnaean, his apostle Carl Peter Thunberg first explored Japan, a forbidden country for Europeans at that time. Thunberg collected several plants from Japan and described them in detail in his Flora Japonica. He also introduced some new species, the names of which are still accepted today, but as he published them later than their first publication he did not validly publish them. Here a revised list is presented of these lycophyte and fern (pteridophyte) names considered by Thunberg to be new, along with their valid publication details, type information and currently accepted names.
... In Linnaean time, several European botanists treated the Southeast Asian region under a common name, India (or East India, Indiae Orientale, Indiae Orientalis). Moreover, on herbarium sheet, on the top-left side he inscribed the origin of the plant as Planta Ind. Orient., which could refer to either Java or Ceylon (Wijnands et al. 2017). Perhaps, it could be the reason why Houttuyn (1792) did not bother to pay attention to the precise locality when he named 'Phleum indicum'. ...
... The residence time (Pyšek & Jarošik 2005;Suthari et al. 2016) of this weed is 167 years (1850-2017)) in Khasia (Meghalaya; on the authority of Veldkamp 1991) and 49 years (1968( -2017 in West Bengal, and 41 years in Andaman & Nicobar Islands (after Jain & Pal 1968). ...
... Houttuyn's exotic herbaria were from the Cape of Good Hope (South Africa), Ceylon (Sri Lanka), Java (Indonesia), and Japan. Houttuyn did not go abroad to collect these plants (Wijnands et al. 2017 (Bor 1960), however, continues to be used in all the Indian floras and the recent generic accounts of Ischaemum (Sur 2001: 419;Srivastava & Nair 2010:75) in India, despite the fact that Veldkamp (1991) clearly established that the holotype (specimen) of Phleum indicum is not an Ischaemum but a Polytrias by virtue of its solitary racemes and ternate flowers bearing one pedicellate and two sessile spikelets. Therefore, the name I. ciliare Retz. ...
Polytrias indica (Houtt.) Veldkamp is native to Java (Indonesia) but found outside its native range as a lawn grass or an escape. In India, it was first collected from Khasia (now Khasi) in Meghalaya and later reported as a garden escape in Indian Botanic Garden, Shibpur, West Bengal. Merrill created the confusion when he made the combination Ischaemum indicum (1938) for a taxon which is not an Ischaemum. The so-called Polytrias indica in certain Indian herbaria (e.g., PBL, BSID) is, indeed, Ischaemum ciliare Retz. (1791) to which name Ishaemum indicum has been misapplied in Indian grasses literature, and the IUCN assessment of Polytrias indica made in 2013 is not an exception.
Lack, H.W. (2019). The discovery and naming of Papaver orientale s.l. (Papaveraceae) with notes on its nomenclature and early cultivation. Candollea 74: 47-64. In English, English abstract. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15553/c2019v741a7 Papaver sect. Macrantha Elkan is a widespread and common polyploid complex comprising the diploid Papaver bracteatum Lindl., the tetraploid Papaver orientale L. and the hexaploid Papaver pseudo-orientale (Fedde) Medw. All three species are restricted in their distribution to the Caucasus area in the wide sense including north-eastern Turkey and north-western Iran. Papaver orientale and Papaver pseudo-orientale were first collected by one of the members of the expedition headed by Joseph Pitton de Tournefort (1656-1708) and introduced into cultivation in the Jardin du Roi in Paris as early as 1702. From there living material of both taxa was quickly distributed to other botanical gardens in Amsterdam, Leiden and the Chelsea Physic Garden in London. For decades both species were known only from cultivated specimens. Due to hybridisation both in the field and in cultivation the relationships between the two taxa remained unclear and were further blurred by the introduction of Papaver bracteatum into cultivation which began in Gorenki near Moscow, Berlin and Chelsea around 1800. Based on ample evidence never studied before like unpublished illustrations kept in Paris and Vienna, Tournefort's unpublished field book, and seed lists this paper unravels this complex historical and taxonomic story. In addition, it presents an updated taxonomy including typifications and nomenclatural notes on all three species involved. The very late rediscovery of Papaver orientale and Papaver pseudo-orientale in the wild is seen in the context of the difficulties in access to the Ottoman Empire and the regions east and northeast of it in the eighteenth and first half of the nineteenth century. Received: January 14, 2019. Accepted: February 15, 2019. First published online: March 28, 2019.
Nicolaas Laurens Burman (1734 – 1793) treated in his Flora Indica 69 pteridophyte names. Most of those names were
described earlier by Carl Linnaeus (1707 – 1778) who was a friend of his father Johannes Burman (1706 – 1779). The
Flora Indica (1768) is one of those early works that followed Linnaeus’ binomial nomenclature formalized in 1753.
N.L. Burman described 25 new ferns in this work. His herbarium is now stored as a separate historical collection at
Geneva with the acronym G-PREL. We located all original material in G-PREL, with the goal to review the taxonomic
identity and nomenclature of those 25 names. We also studied the Paul Hermann herbarium from Ceylon, bound in
a folio volume now kept in the library of the Institut de France in Paris with the acronym BIF-CEYL, which was the
main base of Johannes Burman’s Thesaurus Zeylanicus (1737). Lectotypes are designated for twelve names lacking proper
typification: Adiantum chinense Burm. f., Adiantum truncatum Burm. f., Ophioglossum pedatum Burm. f., Polypodium
acutum Burm. f., Polypodium adianthoides Burm. f., Polypodium palustre Burm. f., Polypodium radicans Burm. f., Polypodium
rostratum Burm. f., Polypodium simplex Burm. f., Polypodium trapezoides Burm. f., Pteris ensiformis Burm. f., and Trichomanes
tenuifolium Burm. f.
The fern name Adiantum denticulatum Burm. f. was published by Nicolaas Laurens Burman (1734-1793) in his Flora Indica: cui accedit series zoophytorum indicorum, nec non prodromus florae capensis in 1768. Original material of this name included specimens from his own herbarium (now conserved in Geneva under the acronym G-PREL) and an illustration from Leonard Plukenet's Phytographia. The history of the typification of this fern name is reviewed and a Franciscus Albertus Pryon collection from Java in G-PREL is designated as second-step lectotype. Received: May 26, 2018. Accepted: August 24, 2018. First published online: November 5, 2018.
