Figure - uploaded by Oleg Rybalkin
Content may be subject to copyright.
Context in source publication
Context 1
... on such indicator were available for almost all EU27 + UK countries, except for Malta and Bulgaria (see Table 8): From the list above it can already be observed that electric cars were sold better in countries with high EEPSE Green Economy Index. This hypothesis was tested with SPSS software (see Table 9): As it can be seen from the chart above, the correlation between EEPSE Green Economy Index/its simplified version and plug-in electric car market share in the EU countries in 2020 was 0,790/0,835 respectively with a very high statistical significance (p-value 0.000), which can be characterized as very strong (Akoglu, 2018). ...Similar publications
The act on the lease of green productive land is expected to encourage motivated farmers to contribute to the sustainable development of urban agriculture. However, the purpose of farmland leasing and actual use of leased farmland by farmers have not yet been fully clarified. Therefore, in this study, we conducted case studies of farmers who actual...
This study analyses green public finance management (PFM) and emphasise its stages to support sustainable development. It aims to explore the practices of green PFM and budgeting in member countries of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and the European Union (EU). A comparative cross-country analysis was performed us...
Diversifying the nations' economy through sustainable agricultural investment
With the increasing demand of raw materials nowadays, and the decrease in supplies, the industrial sector is suffering. The environment and the society are also indirectly affected. The goal to reach a sustainable development imposes several studies on the economic, environmental and community level. The aim of this paper is to provide an overview...
Citations
... Since the phenomenon of poverty throughout history has always been associated with human social life, the problem of arresting and helping the poor has a long history in human society. Every year, countries strive to reduce poverty in their countries by measuring poverty indicators and in this regard, the international community strives to play its role in eradicating global poverty by implementing various policies and programs [1][2][3][4][5]. ...
The article is devoted to the study of the relationship between issues of food security and the problem of poverty, in particular, the poverty of the working population. The main features of poverty in Kazakhstan are identified and the factors that form the poverty of the working-age population are considered. Based on the analysis of the sectoral structure of employment, conclusions are drawn about the increased risk of spreading working poverty among the population of the Republic of Kazakhstan due to unemployment, reduced working hours, low labor productivity, the influx of labor resources in industries with low added value and low wages. The importance of creating favorable conditions for sustainable economic development and reducing income inequality among the working population is emphasized. Understanding the link between poverty and food insecurity will contribute to the development and implementation of a systemic social policy that ensures fair wages, as well as a socially equitable distribution of resources in society.
... Agricultural production, a cornerstone of economic activity, serves crucial functions by supplying the populace with food and providing raw materials for various industries. However, agricultural outcomes are subject to a myriad of factors: the interplay of natural and climatic conditions, the condition of natural resources and the environment, advancements in scientific and technical methodologies, and the demographic composition and infrastructure of rural areas [1][2][3][4]. Further influencing factors include the labor conditions and remuneration, seasonal nature of agricultural work, and the efficacy of human resource management [5][6]. ...
Agriculture plays a key role in the economy of any state. In Kazakhstan, out of a rural population of 7,444,673, there are 3,573,443 economically active individuals. In Kazakhstan, a total of 1,078,720 people are employed in agriculture, forestry, and fisheries. Of these, 478,366 are wage workers, while 600,354 are self-employed. Rural unemployment affects 4.8%. In 2023, individuals working in agriculture in Kazakhstan earned an average monthly wage of 199,536 tenge, placing them second from the bottom in the income rankings. Despite increasing agricultural output, the wages of these workers are concerning. Consequently, their low and erratic social contributions affect the future quality of social protection regarding old age, job loss, and other social risks.
... Their effectiveness and actual results are controversial, and subject to discussion [1][2]. In a significant number of European countries, the cost of a green economy is considered too high and the social cost hardly acceptable for society [3][4]. The situation is similar in Bulgaria. ...
The study explores the effect of the European Structural and Investment Funds, intended to implement EU Environmental Policies on the development of the Bulgarian economy. Efforts are focused on measuring the strength and direction of the stochastic relationships between the absorbed funds provided by: the European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development (EAFRD), the European Maritime and Fisheries Fund (EMFF), the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) and the Cohesion Fund (CF) on the Bulgarian gross domestic product for the period 2014 - 2022. The methodology used to study the observed stochastic processes includes various types of linear and non-linear regressions, correlation analysis, ANOVA, multicollinearity, and normality of residuals.
... Its main principles on the territory of the European Union are regulated by Regulation (EU) 2018/848. [1][2][3]. By implementing a system of promotion measures, the aim is to support farmers who want to apply organic production methods by covering the differences in additional costs and lost income in the organic way of growing agricultural products, compared to conventional production methods. ...
The study presents a model for forecasting business risk in organic walnut production. For this purpose, a technology from financial risk management known as cash flow at risk in its variant “Top-Down approach” was adopted. Empirical data from the electronic register of organic farming in Bulgaria were used. A detailed analysis of the organic walnut production sector was made regarding the surface in hectares and the production distribution. The empirical distribution of the area of organic nuts in hectares in Bulgaria shows that small farmers predominate in 2023, with up to 6 hectares representing 55% of all, and those up to 12 hectares are a share of 78%, with the average production per farm will be 1376.53 kg.
... The green economy indicator is calculated as the arithmetic mean of the mentioned three dimensions of green finance development. This methodology was also used in earlier research on the green economy and related concepts [39][40][41][42]. For research purposes, data from various sources were used. ...
The paper aims to determine the impact of green finance on poverty reduction in selected countries of the CEE region (Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Poland, and Serbia), from 2016 to 2020. Linear regression analysis was used to determine the impact. The results showed a significant positive impact of the economic and financial green finance development dimensions on poverty reduction, while the impact of the environmental dimension was significantly negative. In addition, based on the findings, green finance has a significant and positive impact on poverty reduction. The paper points out that raising the degree of green finance development can help reduce poverty.
... The mean values Sustainable Development Green Index are obtained as arithmetic means of the corresponding indicators. The integrated SDGI was received as the arithmetic mean of the values of five subsystems (Rybalkin, 2022). ...
The EU positions itself at the forefront of the global green agenda. Therefore, it is necessary to assess the development of European countries considering the "green" component of this process. Not all currently known indices cover all aspects of sustainable development. The article aims to develop a Sustainable Development Green Index (SDGI), which, on the one hand, would be used as an effective tool for measuring progress in the implementation of sustainable development goals; and, on the other hand, would take into account ecоnоmic, sоcial, educatiоnal, envirоnmental and pоlitical aspects. This study's results demonstrate effectiveness of the suggested tool. Practical application of the SDGI may be instrumental for reaching faster movement towards Sustainable Development Goals in the European Union.
... The social pillar of sustainable development is oriented towards people and is related to the aspiration to maintain social and cultural stability, to preserve cultural diversity, to achieve social justice and to preserve it, to encourage social inclusion (Rybalkin, 2022). The economic pillar refers to the optimal use of limited resources (Labunska, Petrova, Prokopishyna, 2017). ...
Introduction. Nowadays participants in the business and social life face challenges in the context of the sustainability and the social responsibility. The only way to successfully overcome them is by all of them working together in one direction at all levels and in all fields. All efforts to harmoniously achieve the goals of sustainable development by the various communities of the planet are extremely relevant today and will continue in the future. Higher accounting and economic education are in support of sustainability, management of natural resources and social responsibility. Aim and tasks. The aim of the research is to analyze the possibilities for further development of economic solutions in the context of application integration approaches with care for our unique planet and its riches for the future. The tasks of the research find expression in: 1) to prove the need to pay attention to the issues of sustainable development when making decisions about the economy; 2) to analyze the essence and principles of an up-to-date concept for a sustainable way of doing business and management of natural resources; 3) to indicate the path that business and society shall take in order to develop responsibly; 4) to prove the importance of developing an international and national strategy for corporate social responsibility. Results. The data shows that today it is required that the specialist with a higher economic and accounting degree possess knowledge and competences for the quality realization of reporting, controlling, and other activities in the private and public sectors. Specifically, the investments in new knowledge and competences of such specialists in the context of sustainability, management of natural resources, and social responsibility create prerequisites for a more competitive and resilient business. At the same time, the data shows that the degree of balance between the three aspects (social, economic, and environmental) and the whole direction of higher education towards the problems of sustainable development as of this moment is not satisfactory. Conclusions. The dominant idea is that successful implementation of flexible educational schemes, accelerated digital transformation, and full adaptation to relevant business challenges (the practice) will result in the establishment of a new model of educational policy that will contribute to the successful realization of sustainability, natural resource management, and social responsibility.
... Scientists claim that green innovations produce positive spillovers in both the introduction and diffusion stages; they are intrinsically more risky and uncertain than other investments because they involve technologies that are in the initial stage of their development and therefore suffer from the existence of increasing returns (from knowledge, competencies, and infrastructure) in established, carbon-intensive technologies; finally, the evolution of and frequent changes in environmental regulation make the profitability of the eco-innovative projects uncertain (Cecere et al. 2020;Andersén, 2021). As a result, green stocks may be very volatile in their market performance (Rybalkin, 2022). As it has already been stated, green innovations, irrespective of the economic sector introduced, are one of the main tools to facilitate green growth, which is also conducive to the green economy. ...
... The EEPSE Green Economy Index is consistent with the "Quintuple Helix" model of sustainable development (Rybalkin, 2022). "Natural environment subsystem" may include the state of natural environment and resources: forest cover change, water and air pollution etc. (10 indicators); "Educational subsystem" -Level of "green" (ecological) education and R&D (10 indicators); "Economic subsystem" -share of renewable sources of energy, CO2 emissions per capita etc. (10 indicators); "Political subsystem" -political stimulus for green economy development, global climate change partnership (10 indicators); "Societal subsystem" -social and gender inequality, society's involvement into the green economy matters (10 indicators) (Annex 1). ...
As a concept, the green economy refers to the transition from coal to renewable energy sources to reduce pollution, the energy efficiency of production processes to achieve savings, the reuse of materials from waste in business and energy production, changes designed to stop harmful climate change and bring new opportunities for economic development. In this way, conflicts between economic development and environmental issues are resolved, with the aim of achieving sustainability of the economy and society. The aim of the study is to provide a comparative analysis of the level of development of the green economy in selected 20 emerging economies and their progress towards achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) from the 2030 Agenda using the EEPSE Green Economy Index (EEPSE GEI), based on Quintuple Helix Innovation Model (QHIM), and examine the interdependence between each of the 5 subsystems (quality of education system, economic aspects, political system, civil society, and natural environment) with this index. The results indicate that among the group of countries observed, Estonia is the best performer, while Egypt has the lowest performance. The results, also, indicate the important role of each of the subsystems in EEPSE GEI. The study can be useful for policy makers to identify weaknesses in achieving the SDGs.
Introduction. One of the frequently used criteria for classifying banks is according to their size. The question of the existence of a dependence between the size of credit institutions, on the one hand, and their financial condition and results of activity, on the other hand, was logically raised. In recent years, this issue has increased its significance in Bulgaria against the background of the following circumstances: first, a process of consolidation of the banking sector in the country has begun; second, the new dimensions of the macroprudential policy impose higher regulatory requirements on banks, according to Basel III regulations; third, there is a significant number of relatively small credit institutions whose activity has a relatively limited scope; fourth, weak economic activity and low rate of economic growth of the country; fifth, the search for ways to increase the efficiency of banking activity. Aim and tasks. The aim of the research is to establish the extent to which the size of the credit institutions in the country has an impact on various aspects of banking activity, as well as the strength of this impact. The subject of the study is focused on delineating the comparative advantages and disadvantages of big and small banks in terms of the scale of their operations. Results. The analysis is based on information on the status and results of the activities of 18 banks in Bulgaria. The study covers observations on the development of the banking sector in 2020 and 2021. When specifying the size of banks, the traditional criterion is used, which is most often used to determine their size, namely the amount of their assets. It examines the impact of the size of credit institutions on 7 financial indicators reflecting different aspects of banking activity: Return on Assets, Efficiency of Administrative Costs, Staff Productivity, Asset Quality, Asset risk rating, Liquidity Coverage Ratio, Total Capital Ratio. On this basis, a correlation analysis is made, in which the correlation coefficient is used as the statistical measure of the dependence between the size of credit institutions (the assets), on the one hand, and their financial indicators, on the other hand. In parallel, the average values of the analyzed indicators for the respective years are calculated separately for each group of banks. Conclusions. There is reason to claim that one of the possible instruments for increasing the efficiency of the banking sector in the country is its further consolidation. Of course, the conclusions drawn are not universal. This reflects the specifics of the banking industry in Bulgaria and the specifics of the period to which the analyzed data refer. With almost all analyzed indicators, a strong or moderate dependence between the size of the banks and the values of the considered financial indicators is outlined. This dependence is most pronounced in relation to the Return on Assets– as the size of credit institutions increases, the return on their assets increases significantly. The values with credit institutions with a wider scale of activity are better, which gives them visible advantages over other smaller banks.
