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This research is conducted to examine physical, hematological parameters, and iron status of Greco-Roman wrestlers. A total of 55 healthy Greco-Roman wrestlers in the age category of Cadets including 18 lightweight, 20 middleweight and 17 heavyweight wrestlers participated in the study, voluntarily. Physical fitness, hematological parameters and ir...
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... difference in values of handgrip strength was because of the reason that the averages of lightweight wrestlers were lower than the averages of middleweight and heavyweight wrestlers. The difference in body fat percentage resulted from the fact that values of heavyweight wrestlers were higher than the others and the difference in values of VO 2 max resulted from the fact that values of heavyweight wrestlers were lower than the other (Table 2). ...Citations
... To succeed and be able to excel in wrestling you must-have skills that are combined with intelligence (Berliana & Purnamasari, 2016), upper and lower body strength (BAYRAKTAR & KOC, 2017), speed, balance, muscle endurance (Pdate et al., 2017) above average flexibility, aerobic and anaerobic capacity to avoid injury and to be able to perform at a high level (Taskiran, 2014;Hosseinimehr, Norasteh, Daneshmandi, Rahpymay-Rad, & Rahimi, 2009;Muehlbauer, Gollhofer, & Granacher, 2013). Wrestling is different from other sports, wrestling requires athletes to have special strengths, to reach the Olympic level requires a prime level of physical fitness, wrestling requires athletes to have special physical conditions and wrestling is a sport that pays attention to body weight (Saygin, 2014), special aerobic and anaerobic capacities (Özer, 2019;Ramirez-Velez et al., 2014). Wrestling is a very hard sport and is prone to injury if the components of the athlete's physical condition are not good. ...
Wrestling is a fighting sport that requires strength, especially in the upper body. However, the strength training carried out so far is still conventional and monotonous, while literature studies have provided various other, more modern and effective alternatives for strength training, one of which is the Bulgarian Bag. This study aims to examine the effect of training using Bulgarian Bag on the strength of the upper body of wrestling athletes. Research on Bulgarian Bag itself is still relatively small because Bulgarian Bags themselves are still relatively new. The research method used is an experimental method with a pre-test post-test control group design. The subjects of this study were wrestling athletes in West Bandung Regency with 10 male athletes taken by total sampling from the population. The research instrument used was a dynamic endurance hand grip strength test and a push up test which was given 2 times to the subject. Subjects were divided into two groups, namely the experimental group which was given the Bulgarian Bag exercise and the control group which was given the conventional exercise. T-test using SPSS version 24 was performed as data analysis in this study. The results showed that the Bulgarian Bag exercise had a significant effect on increasing the strength of the upper extremity of wrestling athletes. So it can be concluded that training using Bulgarian Bags can be used as the right choice to increase the strength of the upper body of wrestling athletes. The authors suggest integrating these exercises into a structured strength training program.
... Thus, a trend of increased in body fat percentage from lower body weight group1 (46 kg-50kg) to higher body weight group5 (74kg) of wrestlers was observed. Saygin (2014) [9] also reported a similar trend of body fat percentage of wrestlers that is the percentage body fat has different values in all three classes of wrestlers like lightweight, middle weight and heavy weight. According to Saygin (2014) [9] the maximum body fat percentage was observed in heavyweight wrestlers as compared to lightweight wrestlers and middleweight wrestlers. ...
... Saygin (2014) [9] also reported a similar trend of body fat percentage of wrestlers that is the percentage body fat has different values in all three classes of wrestlers like lightweight, middle weight and heavy weight. According to Saygin (2014) [9] the maximum body fat percentage was observed in heavyweight wrestlers as compared to lightweight wrestlers and middleweight wrestlers. The maximum lean body mass percentage was observed in group1 and minimum lean body mass percentage was observed in group 5. Thus, a trend of decrease in lean body mass percentage was observed from lower body weight group1 (46-50kg) to higher body weight group5 (74kg).The skinfold thickness measurements were also significantly different in different groups of junior free style wrestlers. ...
... Saygin (2014) [9] also reported a similar trend of body fat percentage of wrestlers that is the percentage body fat has different values in all three classes of wrestlers like lightweight, middle weight and heavy weight. According to Saygin (2014) [9] the maximum body fat percentage was observed in heavyweight wrestlers as compared to lightweight wrestlers and middleweight wrestlers. The maximum lean body mass percentage was observed in group1 and minimum lean body mass percentage was observed in group 5. Thus, a trend of decrease in lean body mass percentage was observed from lower body weight group1 (46-50kg) to higher body weight group5 (74kg).The skinfold thickness measurements were also significantly different in different groups of junior free style wrestlers. ...
... The maximum lean body mass percentage was observed in group1 and minimum lean body mass percentage was observed in group 5. Thus, a trend of decrease in lean body mass percentage was observed from lower body weight group1 (46-50kg) to higher body weight group5 (74kg). Saygin (2014). [4,19,20] . ...
... Saygin (2014). [4,19,20] . also reported that the percentage body fat has different values in all three classes like lightweight, middle weight and heavy weight wrestlers. ...
... also reported that the percentage body fat has different values in all three classes like lightweight, middle weight and heavy weight wrestlers. According to Saygin (2014). [4,19,20] the maximum body fat was observed in heavyweight wrestlers when compared to lightweight wrestlers and middleweight wrestlers. ...
... Several studies ha ve been do ne concerning the iron status of wrestlers. Saygin (2014) com pared so me parameters of iron status in wrestlers of diff e rent weights and reported that serum iron and ferritin among light weight wrestlers are lower than average weight one and the serum ferritin of light-weight wrestlers is lower than that in heavy-weight ones; however, serum total iron binding capacity (TIBC) level has no diff e ren ce (Saygin, 2014). Th e comparison bet we en serum ferritin of wrestlers concerning diverse studies show ed that there exists no diff erence, and they are not even in fl u enced by rapid weight loss (Fo gel holm et al., 1992;Fo gel holm, Koskinen, Laakso, Ranki nen, & Ruokonen, 1993;Jack son, 2000;Karamizrak et al., 1996). ...
... Several studies ha ve been do ne concerning the iron status of wrestlers. Saygin (2014) com pared so me parameters of iron status in wrestlers of diff e rent weights and reported that serum iron and ferritin among light weight wrestlers are lower than average weight one and the serum ferritin of light-weight wrestlers is lower than that in heavy-weight ones; however, serum total iron binding capacity (TIBC) level has no diff e ren ce (Saygin, 2014). Th e comparison bet we en serum ferritin of wrestlers concerning diverse studies show ed that there exists no diff erence, and they are not even in fl u enced by rapid weight loss (Fo gel holm et al., 1992;Fo gel holm, Koskinen, Laakso, Ranki nen, & Ruokonen, 1993;Jack son, 2000;Karamizrak et al., 1996). ...
The present study was conducted to investigate the acute responses of some iron indices of young elite wrestlers to three types of aerobic, anaerobic, and wrestling exercises. A total of 24 elite volunteer wrestlers were randomly categorized into three groups (n=8) aerobic, anaerobic, and routine wrestling exercises. The exercises were conducted during three non-consecutive sessions within one week. The aerobic exercises included 35 min of continuous running with 130 beats per minute (BPM) on a treadmill; the anaerobic exercises included 15 min circuit movements and 15 min rest with 160 BPM, and the wrestling training included routine wrestling exercises. Blood sampling was done in the first and third sessions in order to study the acute responses which included four stages of 1 h before, immediately, 3 h, and finally 24 h after exercises. The study of the acute response to the first session showed that the type of exercise had no effect on serum iron (p=0.57). Furthermore, the serum ferritin (p=0.012) and TIBC (p=0.006) affected was affected by type of exercise. The study of the acute response to the second session showed that the type of exercise had no effect on serum ferritin (p=0.731) and TIBC (p=0.231), rather the serum iron was affected by the type of exercise (p=0.01). Conclusively, the study of acute response showed that wrestling exercises led to a decline in iron stores during exercise and reduced total iron binding capacity during a 24-h recovery period. The study of acute exercise after a short adaptation period showed that despite the fact that serum iron had no change in anaerobic and wrestling exercises over the passage of time, it changed during aerobic exercise and 24-h recovery periods. Furthermore, the progress of iron deficiency was only observed in the first stage which prevented its progress to the next stage.
... Viral infections will typically produce this result, such as measles, hepatitis, or mononucleosis. Certain drugs and cancers can also cause this result (Saygin, 2014) [24] . ...
... Viral infections will typically produce this result, such as measles, hepatitis, or mononucleosis. Certain drugs and cancers can also cause this result (Saygin, 2014) [24] . ...
... A significant difference was found in PDW values. The difference resulted from the fact that the values of lightweight wrestlers were lower than the values of middleweight wrestlers (Saygin, 2014) [24] . ...
Background: Platelets are small, anucleated blood elements and under normal conditions constitute a small fraction of the circulating cells. A growing body of recent research reports indicates that platelet functions in the human body are influence by physical training and regular exercise habit. Objective: The specific aim of this systematic review study is to explore the effect of exercise on platelet parameters and their functions in the human body. Acquisition of Evidence: Relevant research evidence was gathered through online search method. Studies directly matched and fulfill the primary objective of this review study were considered, reviewed properly and presented systematically. Findings: Within this review paper, we are trying to focus and discuss the current information on the impact of exercise on platelet function. Present overview of exercise effect on platelet parameters are reported here under the following heads: Influence of moderate exercise on platelet count, Influence of strenuous exercise on platelet count, Influence of moderate exercise on mean platelet volume, Influence of strenuous exercise on mean platelet volume, Low level exercise and mean platelet volume, Influence of moderate exercise on platelet distribution width, Influence of strenuous exercise on platelet distribution width and low level exercise and platelet distribution width. Platelet Counts Increases with strenuous exercise and decrease with moderate type of exercise. Previous researcher indicates that the average healthy size of platelets may change in human from different part of the world. The mean platelet volume (MPV) increased immediately after long term aerobic exercise. Different intensity of resistance exercise reported significant increase of mean platelet volume. Most of the reports does not found any significant increase in PDW after regular Exercise Participation whereas effect of acute exercises on PDW are decrease significantly. Conclusion: Finally it can be concluded that different mode of exercise has multidirectional effects on platelet function in the human body.
... With it, it should be practiced regularly, but not from time to time and gradually increase loads and complexity of tasks. Just because of this fact physical exercises shall be considered to be the best mean of physical fitness ensuring and method of will qualities' cultivation [7,[29][30][31][32]. ...
Purpose: to theoretically-methodically substantiated application of sport wrestling means in physical training of lyceum with advanced military physical training pupils. Material: in pedagogic observation 10 form pupils (n=119) participated. In pedagogic experiment 49 pupils participated (experimental group, n=24 and control group, n=25). Results: the weakest points of lyceum’s pupils were found. Experimental program combined common means of physical qualities’ training (70% from total time of lesson) and means of sport wrestling (30% of lesson time). In the frames of the program four typical complexes of exercises for physical culture lessons were worked out. Complex of exercises for wrestler’s general physical fitness was applied in main part of lesson, which took 15-20 minutes. Conclusions: wrestler’s physical training shall be oriented on development of different physical qualities: strength, quickness, endurance, flexibility, coordination. Optimal construction of general physical training process facilitates comprehensive and proportional development of pupil’s physical qualities.
... The maximum lean body mass percentage was observed in group1 and minimum lean body mass percentage was observed in group 5. Thus, a trend of decrease in lean body mass percentage was observed from lower body weight group1 (46-50kg) to higher body weight group5 (74kg). Saygin (2014) also reported that the percentage body fat has different values in all three classes like lightweight, middle weight and heavy weight wrestlers. According to Saygin (2014) the maximum body fat was observed in heavyweight wrestlers when compared to lightweight wrestlers and middleweight wrestlers. ...
... Saygin (2014) also reported that the percentage body fat has different values in all three classes like lightweight, middle weight and heavy weight wrestlers. According to Saygin (2014) the maximum body fat was observed in heavyweight wrestlers when compared to lightweight wrestlers and middleweight wrestlers. Francihini et al. (2014) also reported that the highest skinfold thickness values were observed in heavyweight judo athletes as compared to lightweight and middleweight judo athletes, in other words, heavy weight judo athletes has more fat percentage than lightweight and middle weight. ...
... Further, the right hand grip strength score was more than left hand grip strength. Saygin (2014) showed that the hand grip strength were observed difference values in three weight classes of wrestlers in this study that values of hand grip strength were observed lower in the lightweight wrestlers when compared with the values of middleweight wrestlers and the values of heavyweight wrestlers. Right hand grip was observed stronger as compare to left hand grip. ...
... Saygin (2014) compared some parameters of iron status in wrestlers in different weights and reported that serum iron and ferritin among light weight wrestlers are lower than average weight and the serum ferritin of light weight wrestlers is lower than heavy weight; although, serum total iron binding capacity (TIBC) level has no difference [17]. The comparison between serum ferritin of wrestlers concerning diverse studies showed that there exists no difference and they are not even influenced by rapid weight loss [5,8,18,19]. ...
The central role of iron in oxygen transport makes it a key element for sports performance. Since acid-based balance is among the most important functions conducted by iron and the dominant energy system in wrestling depends on acid lactic system, then the investigation of wrestlers’ iron status would be an important issue. The present study was conducted to study the short term adaptation to some iron indices of elite wrestlers to two and three non-consecutive sessions of three types of aerobic, anaerobic, and wrestling exercises. A total of 24 elite volunteer wrestlers with the history of at least 5 years sport activity and three wrestling sessions per week were randomly categorized into three groups of eight people practicing aerobic, anaerobic, and routine wrestling exercises. The exercises were conducted during three non-consecutive sessions within a week. The aerobic exercises included 35 min of continuous running with 130 bits per minute (BPM) on a treadmill machine, the anaerobic exercises included 15 min circuit movements and 15 min rest with 160 BPM, and the wrestling training included routine wrestling exercises. Blood sampling was done 24 h before the first session, 24 h after the second session, and 24 h after the third session in order to investigate the short term adaptations. The study of short term adaptation to two non-consecutive exercise sessions showed that aerobic exercise as compared to wrestling exercise led to significant decline in serum iron (p=0.006). Wrestling exercise as compared to aerobic and anaerobic exercise led to significant decline of serum ferritin [respectively (p=0.014) and (p=0.004)]. Serum TIBC of three aerobic, anaerobic, and wrestling exercises groups had no significant difference (F=1.24, p=0.309). The study of short term adaptation to three sessions of non-consecutive exercises showed that none of the variables of serum iron, ferritin, and TIBC in the three aerobic, anaerobic, and wrestling exercises groups had no significant change [respectively (F=2.4, p=0.11), (F=3.04, p=0.07), and (F=1.33, p=0.29)]. In the study of short term adaptation to two non-consecutive stages, the wrestlers who practiced wrestling exercises confronted the first stage of iron deficiency in short term adaptation to two non-consecutive stages, because they showed lower level of iron stores (reduced level of serum ferritin). On the other hand, the wrestlers who practiced aerobic exercises had lower level of serum iron and so were settled in the second stage of iron deficiency. However, there was no difference observed between the practical methods in terms of iron indices in the study on short term adaptation to the three stages of non-consecutive stages.
Keywords: Iron, ferritin, total iron binding capacity, aerobic, anaerobic, wrestling
... Saygin (2014) also reported that the percentage body fat has different values in all three classes like lightweight, middle weight and heavy weight wrestlers. According to Saygin (2014) the maximum body fat was observed in heavyweight wrestlers when compared to lightweight wrestlers and middleweight wrestlers. Francihini et al. (2014) also reported that the highest skinfold thickness values were observed in heavyweight judo athletes as compared to lightweight and middleweight judo athletes, in other words, heavy weight judo athletes has more fat percentage than lightweight and middle weight. ...
... Further, the right hand grip strength score was more than left hand grip strength. Saygin (2014) showed that the hand grip strength were observed difference values in three weight classes of wrestlers in this study that values of hand grip strength were observed lower in the lightweight wrestlers when compared with the values of middleweight wrestlers and the values of heavyweight wrestlers. Right hand grip was observed stronger as compare to left hand grip. ...
This study aims to compare the anthropometric characteristics and the biomotor ability variables of the athletes in boxing, taekwondo, and wrestling and examine the relationships of the research variables in terms of branches. A total of 83 voluntary male athletes who took part in the national teams participated in the research in the branches of boxing (n=28), wrestling (n=33) and taekwondo (n=22). The mean age of the participants was 20.4, and the mean weight and height were 75,5 and 174,9. The mean BMI of the participants was 24,5. Indirect VO2max values of the athletes were obtained based on their height, weight, BMI, grip strength, squat jump (SJ) and countermovement jump (CMJ), anaerobic strength obtained from a vertical jump, standing long jump, 30 meters speed test and 20 meters shuttle running test. There was no significant difference between the groups regarding grip strength, anaerobic power and VO2max abilities. When the groups were compared regarding sprint values, there were significant differences between the athletes in the taekwondo and wrestling branches (p
