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The aim of the present study was to optimize oil yield from the rubber tree seed, determine the physicochemical properties of the oil, and synthesize and characterize the biodiesel from the oil. The oil was extracted by solvent extraction method and optimized using central composite design of response surface methodology. The oil physicochemical pr...
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The diminishing reserves and environmental consequences of the fossil fuel-based petrodiesel necessitate the exploration of an alternative fuel with better quality and minimum environmental impacts. The study explores the optimization of biodiesel production from nonfood and locally available mixed feedstocks as an effective and a sustainable appro...
The objective of this study was to characterize a low cost heterogeneous catalyst from the transesterification of sand apple (Parinari polyandra B.) biodiesel. Sand apple fruits were processed and oil was extracted using solvent extraction method. Raw eggshells were calcined at 800°C for 120 min in the muffle furnace. Surface properties of the raw...
SrO has attracted attention for its use as a heterogeneous catalyst in producing biodiesel from transesterification owing to its high alkaline character and low solubility in methanol. In studies conducted in this decade, reaction conditions such as the methanol–oil molar ratio, reaction time, catalyst loading and temperature have been optimized in...
The current study aimed to investigate the potentiality of yeast isolate Rhodotorula toruloides Y1124 to be used as a feedstock for biodiesel production, and the reutilization of the de-oiled yeast biomass wastes as a biosorbent for the biosorption of Congo red from aquatic solutions was investigated. From screening results, eight yeast isolates we...
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Citations
... To position biodiesel as a competitive alternative fuel capable of satisfying worldwide energy requirements, it is crucial to tackle the elements that contribute to elevated production expenses. Therefore, the adoption of economically sustainable nonedible oils, like waste vegetable oil (Jaiswal et al., 2022;Topi, 2020), jatropha (Palitsakun et al., 2021), rubber seed oil (Sugebo et al., 2021), kapok (Pooja et al., 2021), castor seed (Keera et al., 2018), yellow oleander (Deka & Basumatary, 2011), assumes paramount importance. Furthermore, the choice and affordability of catalysts used are pivotal in influencing the economics of the biodiesel production procedure. ...
The utilization of renewable biomass resources for biofuel production has gained widespread popularity as an effective means of transforming waste into wealth. This study investigated the optimization of biodiesel production from coconut oil using a bifunctional catalyst derived from crab shell and coconut shell. The catalyst was characterized using fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller. The carbonised and sulfurized coconut shell was used to create the acid precursor for the bio-based bifunctional catalyst, while the calcined and KOH-treated crab shell was used to create the base precursor. The experimental design was optimized using Box Behnken Design (BBD) for the simultaneous esterification and transesterification of coconut oil while response surface methodology was evaluated to assess their capacity to model and optimize the process. The study's ideal conditions were determined to be a 16.75:1 methanol to oil ratio, 1% catalyst loading, 58.19 °C, and a reaction time of 78.76 min, At these optimum conditions, a Coconut Oil Methyl Ester (COME) yield of 85.73 wt% was achieved under experimental conditions, and this value was well within the range predicted (85.84%) by the model. The produced methyl ester (biodiesel) obtained at the optimized conditions showed the physicochemical properties was well within the requirement of ASTM D6751 set by the International Organization of Standardization.
... Hexane can enhance the recovery. In later stages, the gas assisted mechanical expression method has been used for the dissolution of supercritical CO 2 fluid [12][13][14]. Microwave-assisted methods, ultrasonicassisted methods, and aqueous enzymatic methods are the distinctive types of gas-assisted methods. The transesterification method is one of the most used methods to produce biodiesel from the extracted oil. ...
The combustion of fossil fuels is one of the main reasons for the increase in global warming. Exhaust emitted from burning fossil fuels affects both environment and human health. The present study uses non-edible rubber seed oil (RSO) biodiesel with hydrogen in an unmodified diesel engine. The experiments were carried out with 10 %, 20 %, and 30 % biodiesel blends with 10 L/min of constant hydrogen supply. A series of experiments were conducted in the constant engine speed with a varying load of 0–100 % in intervals of 25 %. The hydrogen has been supplied to the combustion chamber via an air intake manifold. Using RSO biodiesel blends with hydrogen increases brake thermal efficiency at lower fraction ratio. Further, the fuel consumption was low when 10 % of biodiesel was used with hydrogen. As the concentration of the blends increased, both brake thermal efficiency and brake specific fuel consumption were massively affected due to the higher viscosity and lower heating values. Due to the effect of heating value, the exhaust gas temperature for the biodiesel blends was higher. The emission of the pollutants such as carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, and oxides of nitrogen was reduced due to the addition of biodiesel and hydrogen blends to the diesel. Considering the findings, the blend with 10 % biodiesel with 10 L/min hydrogen can be a potential alternative for diesel.
... Jika asam lemak tidak dihilangkan dapat menyebabkan terjadinya reaksi penyabunan. Pristiwa ini menyebabkan rendahnya produksi biodiesel (Meng et al, 2021;Odetoye et al, 2021;Sugebo et al, 2021;Wu et al., 2022). Dibutuhkan identifikasi dan krakterisasi minyak jelantah untuk mendapatkan biodisel yang berkualitas tinggi. ...
Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi dan karakterisasi biodiesel dari miyak jelantah. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriftif kualitatif. Variabel yang diamati dalam penelitian ini antara lain senyawa kimia dan struktur molekul penyusun biodiesel dari minyak jelantah. Penentuan senyawa-seyawa kimia serta struktur molekul penyusun biodiesel dari minyak jelantah diukur menggunakan instrument GC-MS. Hasil pengukuran selanjutnya dijadikan dasar dalam mengidentifikasi krakter biodiesel. Komponen tertinggi berupa senyawa asam lemak. Asam lemak berupa asam oktadekanoat dengan % area 45,10, selanjutnya metil ester heksadekanoat dengan % area 35,99%. Komponen ketiga dengan jumlah tertinggi berupa senyawa metil ester oktadekanoat dengan % area 9,42. Komponen keempat berupa metil ester tetradekanoat dengan % area 3,43. Metil ester C16 masih rendah yaitu sebesar 35,99%. Karakter biodiesel dari minyak jelahtah masih banyak mengandung asam lemak bebas golongan oktadekanoat dan konsenterasi C16 yang menjadi dasar kemudahan biodiesel untuk terbakar masih rendah. Identification of Characteristics of Used Cooking Oil Biodiesel Using Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS) Instruments Abstract The purpose of this study is to identify and characterize biodiesel from used cooking noodles. This research is a qualitative descriptive research. The variables observed in this study include chemical compounds and the molecular structure of biodiesel constituents from used cooking oil. The determination of chemical compounds and the molecular structure of biodiesel constituents of used cooking oil was measured using the GC-MS instrument. The results of the next measurement are used as a basis in identifying biodiesel krakters. The highest component is in the form of fatty acid compounds. Fatty acids are octadecanoic acid with a % area of 45.10, then methyl hexadecanoic ester with a % area of 35.99%. The third component with the highest amount is the octachonate methyl ester compound with a % area of 9.42. The fourth component is methyl ester tetradecanoate with % area 3.43. Methyl ester C16 is still low at 35.99%. The character of biodiesel from used cooking oil still contains a lot of free fatty acids of the octadecanoic group and C16 concentration, which is the basis for the ease of biodiesel to burn is still low.
... Once latex yield declines, the rubber tree can be used as a timber source, reducing the need for deforestation for timber (Brahma et al., 2016;Nizami et al., 2014;Pinizzotto et al., 2021). In addition, the rubber seed is also a valuable non-edible oil source for biodiesel production (Bharadwaj et al., 2019;Sugebo et al., 2021). ...
Hevea brasiliensis is the primary commercial source of natural rubber in the world and its latex is a source for many industrial inputs. The latex yield potential of rubber tree plantations has been lower than the estimated potential due to latex yield variation among rubber tree clones. Nine introduced and one indigenous Hevea brasiliensis clones were evaluated in Ethiopia Guraferda district from July 2018 to May 2020 to determine which clones provide a better latex yield for future rubber tree plantations. Ten Hevea brasiliensis clones were evaluated with ten trees of the same age selected randomly from the same plantation site for each clone. The latex yield was significantly varied both from clone to clone and from month to month during the study period. Mixed, RRIC101, and Malawi clones of Hevea brasiliensis produced the highest latex yield, whereas the TOLIK.B clone had the lowest. The highest average latex yield was obtained in June, which has a high rainfall with moderate temperature. The results of this study indicate that latex yield potential could be increased by mass planting of rubber tree clones which give more yield and resistance to diseases.
... Agricultural industries generate billions of metric tons of biomass each year, which compraises liquid, solid, and gaseous waste, [5,6]. Second-generation biofuels can be made from a variety of crop and plant residues, fruit and vegetable waste, grass, forest residues, livestock manure, and other agricultural wastes [7][8][9]. When not adequately managed, many of these leftovers can pollute the environment [10,11]. ...
... When not adequately managed, many of these leftovers can pollute the environment [10,11]. Biofuel production from residues with no commercial value can minimize feedstock costs, land constraints, and crop competitiveness for fuel [7,9,12]. ...
Coffee by-products are a renewable, plentiful, cost-effective, and mostly untapped resource that could be used as a biofuel feedstock. However, the energy efficiency and biofuel yields are mostly determined by the biofuel production technologies. Pretreatment procedure, hydrolysis methods, fermentation methods, oil to biodiesel conversion techniques, binders employed, applying pressure and temperature are the main factors to improve the biofuel yields from coffee by-products. This paper examines state-of-the-art methods for increasing biogas, bio-ethanol, biodiesel, briquettes, and pellets outputs from coffee by-products. Pretreatment and co-digestion of coffee by-products with other low carbon to nitrogen ratio animal manure boost the biogas yield of coffee by-products, which is also discussed. A yield of bio-ethanol from coffee by-products was also improved using advanced pretreatment procedures, production processes, and the use of genetically modified yeast strains that ferment the majority of sugar monomers. Additionally, oil extraction methods from spent coffee grounds were reviewed, as well as optimizing biodiesel yield from spent coffe grounds oil. The process of making briquettes and pellets, as well as the types of binders utilized, are discussed. The main novelty of this review is on improving biofuel yields such as biogas, bio-ethanol, biodiesel, briquettes, and pellets from the entire dry cherry coffee beans processing residues, wet coffee (coffee pulp or peeled) beans processing residues, and optimizing oil and biodiesel yield from spent coffee grounds.
The world is currently dealing with an energy crisis, primarily due to heavy reliance on finite fossil fuels and the associated rise in energy demand. In response to this crisis, replacing heavy reliance on finite fossil fuels with biodiesel has gained attention as an alternative solution. Sub‐Saharan African (SSA) biodiesel studies have traditionally focused on improving transesterification but overlook socio‐economic, policy, and institutional impacts on production sustainability. To address this gap, this study comprehensively reviews the sustainability of transesterification‐based biodiesel production from nonedible feedstocks in SSA. The study's incorporation of socio‐economic factors, policy considerations, sustainability concerns, and institutional frameworks reveals the complex prospects and challenges facing biodiesel production in SSA. The findings reveal that sustainability challenges in SSA stem from a lack of an integrated approach, resulting in conflicting local and global policies. The study determines that neglecting socio‐economic factors, policy considerations, sustainability concerns, and institutional frameworks weakens regional biodiesel production sustainability. Evidence from the study emphasizes the role of an integrated approach in promoting biofuel production, establishing markets, and improving the livelihoods of the region's population. Furthermore, the review shows that transesterification can yield biodiesel with comparable physical properties to conventional diesel, making it a wide region's favored option.
This article is categorized under: Human and Social Dimensions > Energy and Climate Justice
Sustainable Energy > Bioenergy
Sustainable Development > Goals
