Phylogenetic analyses based on LSU rDNA sequences. Bayesian posterior probabilities above 0.95 are shown at the nodes. Thickened lines indicate a Maximum Likelihood bootstrap supports above 70%. The tree was rooted with Saccharomyces cerevisiae J01355 and Vanderwaltozyma polyspora AY048169. 

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... in the family Cordanaceae , as the sister clade of Coniochaetales in Sordariomycetes . Cordanales is here erected for the single family Cordanaceae. On the other hand, Neocordana is introduced to accommodate phytopathogenic species similar to Cordana but closely related to Pyriculariaceae ( Magnaporthales ) rather than Cordanaceae . The family Pyriculariaceae was recently introduced by Klaubauf et al. (2014) and includes important plant pathogens along with Deightoniella S. Hughes (1952: 48) and several pyricularia-like genera . Deightoniella can be easily differentiated from Neocordana since it produces conidiophores reduced to conidiogenous cells with a flattened scar, and conidia with a central pore in the base (Hughes 1952, Klaubauf et al. 2014), while Neocordana has septate conidiophores with denticulate conidiogenous cells and conidia with a protruding hilum. On the other hand, pyricularia-like fungi and Neocordana are similar in having brown, septate conidiophores with polyblastic, denticulate conidiogenous cells. Nevertheless, pyricularia-like fungi are different from Neocordana in having pyriform to obclavate, 2-septate conidia, and grow on grasses and other plants (Seifert et al. 2011, Klaubauf et al. 2014). Neocordana differs by having broadly ellipsoid, obovoid to pyriform, 1-septate conidia and are pathogenic to species of Musa or Canna . In the phylogenetic analysis generated here ( Figure 1), Neocordana is represented by N. musae and N. musicola . N. musae is designated as the type species of the genus, and N. musicola is introduced as a new species, similar but different from N. musae , based on morphological and molecular data. Unfortunately cultures of N. johnstonii and N. versicolor were not available to include in the phylogenetic analysis. Nevertheless we propose new combinations for N. johnstonii , and N. versicolor, based on morphology, pathogenicity and host association. Further studies are needed to confirm their phylogenetic affinities in Neocordana . We thank the technical staff, Arien van Iperen (cultures), and Mieke Starink-Willemse (DNA isolation, amplification, and sequencing) for their invaluable ...

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... many years the causal agents of a distinctive leaf spot disease on banana were considered as members of the genus Cordana (von Höhnel 1923, Ellis 1971, Priest 1990, Jones 1999). The disease was initially attributed to a pathogen described as Scolecotrichum musae on Musa sapientum from Java (Indonesia) by Zimmermann (1902), and later transferred to Cordana by von Höhnel (1923). Ellis (1971) subsequently introduced a second species isolated on Musa sapientum from West Irian (Indonesia) as C. johnstonii , which causes a disease very similar in appearance to the one caused by C. musae . Morphologically these species can be differentiated based on conidial size and shape. Conidia of C. musae are obclavate to pyriform, 14–18 × 8–10 μ m, while those of C. johnstonii are broadly ellipsoidal to subglobose, larger and wider, 19–26 × 14–16 μ m. Priest (1990) reported that leaf spots caused by C. johnstonii are generally smaller (3 × 1 cm) and become fusiform with age, in contrast to the larger (7 × 2 cm), oval to elliptical spots caused by C. musae . In our phylogenetic tree based on LSU sequences (Figure 1), cordana-like strains isolated from symptomatic leaves of Musa from different countries constituted a distant clade in Pyriculariaceae ( Magnaporthales ). Recently phylogenetic studies (Hernández-Restrepo et al. 2014) demonstrated that members of Cordana occupy a ...

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... of approximately 1000 bp were obtained of the partial LSU gene and 550 bp of the ITS region. The LSU alignment was used to resolve the generic placement of the strains and the ITS to determine species identification. The LSU alignment contained 84 sequences, including two outgroups ( Saccharomyces cerevisiae J01355 and Vanderwaltozyma polyspora AY048169), and 1021 characters including alignment gaps were used in the phylogenetic analysis. Dirichlet base frequencies and the GTR+I+G model with inverse gamma-distributed were used as substitution model. In Bayesian analysis 50% consensus trees and posterior probabilities were calculated from the 5412 tree left after discarding 2706 trees (the first 25% of generations) for burn-in ( Figure 1). The main topology is maintained in the ML tree based on LSU sequences. Clades corresponding with families and orders in Sordariomycetes were well-supported ( Annulastascaceae, Boliniales, Chaetosphaeriales, Coniochaetales, Sordariales, and Xylariales ). Isolates of Cordana musae appeared as a distinct lineage among the Pyriculariaceae in Magnaporthales , rather than Cordanaceae , where the type species C. pauciseptata is placed. These results indicated that the genus Cordana is polyphyletic. A new genus and new combinations are therefore required to accommodate Cordana musae and related phytopathogenic species. The ITS alignment contained 11 sequences (including two outgroups, Pyricularia bothriochloae KF777186 and Pyricularia angulata JF719830), and 521 characters including alignments gaps were used in the phylogenetic analysis. The ITS phylogenetic tree (Figure 2) resolved two different clades representing isolates from Musa spp . collected in different ...