Fig 9 - uploaded by Susumu Takamatsu
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-Phyllactinia fraxini-longicuspidis on Fraxinus longicuspis (TSU-MUMH5421). A-C: Chasmothecia. D-M: Asci. N-S: Penicillate cells. Bars: A-C 200 µm; D-M 40 µm; N-S 15 µm.
Source publication
The genus Fraxinus (Oleaceae), known as ash trees, currently comprises 43 recognized species that are distributed in temperate and
subtropical regions of the Northern Hemisphere. Two Phyllactinia species, P. fraxini and P. fraxinicola, have been known on Fraxinus spp.
so far. In this study, powdery mildews belonging to Phyllactinia were collected o...
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Fraxinus sogdiana Bunge (family Oleaceae) is a rare, relict species, with a disjunctive distribution range. The species is listed in the Red Book of Kazakhstan. The aim of this study was to determine anatomical features and identify the phytochemical composition of F. sogdiana growing in different soils in Kazakhstan. The research objects were vege...
Citations
... Ashes are woodland tree species in Hungary and widely cultivated as ornamental plants. These species are often infected with powdery mildew (PM), and until recently (Heluta et al. 2017), only Phyllactinia PM species were described from ash trees, such as P. fraxini, P. fraxinicola, P. japonica, and P. fraxini-longicuspis (Maeda et al. 2021). However, a new causal agent, Erysiphe salmonii, has been discovered in several European countries since 2015 (Heluta et al. 2017). ...
Fraxinus ornus and F . excelsior are naturally occurring woodland trees and widely cultivated ornamental plants in Hungary. Leaves with powdery mildew symptoms observed unusually on adaxial side of leaves of F . ornus and F . excelsior were collected from two locations in Hungary. We identified the causing fungi based on their morphological characteristics and molecular phylogenetic analysis. Numerous chasmothecia were found on a part of the samples, which were spherical, 83–120 µm in diameter, and the apices of the appendages uncinated or spirally curved. Anamorphs were characterized by conidiophores developing conidia singly, and by hyphae with lobed appressoria, characteristic of Erysiphe spp. The internal transcribed spacer region of the nrDNA was amplified, and the BLAST searches showed 100% similarity with Erysiphe salmonii sequences in GenBank. In the phylogenetic analysis the sequences of the Hungarian samples grouped in one clade with the sequences of other E. salmonii specimens collected in Central and Eastern Europe and Asia. This is the first report of the non-native E . salmonii causing powdery mildew on Fraxinus sp. in Hungary.
... These characteristics were consistent with those of Phyllactinia japonica M. Maeda, Meeboon & S. Takam. (Maeda et al. 2021 ...
... (Moparthi et al. 2019); reintroduction of Salmonomyces (Kiss et al. 2020); Podosphaera tridactyla complex ; Golovinomyces ambrosiae complex (Qiu et al. 2020a); multilocus phylogeny on genus level (Shirouzu et al. 2020); Erysiphe adunca complex on Salicaceae (Darsaraei et al. 2021); Blumeria ; Phyllactinia on Fraxinus spp. (Maeda et al. 2021); and Erysiphe on Fraxinus spp. (Yamaguchi et al. 2021). ...
Powdery mildews are a monophyletic group of obligate plant pathogenic fungi in the family Erysiphaceae. Powdery mildews are economically important in that they cause damage to many agriculturally significant crops and plants in ecologically important habitats. In this contribution, we introduce a new series of publications focusing on the phylogeny and taxonomy of this group, with an emphasis on specimens collected from North America. The first part of the series focuses on the genus Golovinomyces and includes a section detailing the powdery mildew species concept. We conducted analyses of Golovinomyces spp. with available rDNA sequence data from GenBank and supplemented the data set with rDNA (ITS, 28S, IGS) as well as protein-coding (GAPDH) data from 94 North American collections. Many of the species evaluated are included in phylogenetic and morphological analyses for the first time, including the American species G. americanus, G. brunneopunctatus, G. californicus, G. greeneanus, G. hydrophyllacearum, and G. sparsus. A special emphasis was placed on acquiring ex-type or ex-epitype sequences or presenting reference sequences for phylogenetic-taxonomic purposes. Three new species, G. eurybiarum, G. galiorum, and G. malvacearum, are described, and the new combinations G. fuegianus, G. mutisiae, and G. reginae are introduced. Ex-holotype sequences of Erysiphe sparsa (≡ G. sparsus) reveal that it should be reduced to synonymy with G. ambrosiae, and ex-epitype sequences of G. valerianae reveal that it should be reduced to synonymy with G. orontii. Multiple epitypes are designated with ex-epitype sequences.
The phylogeny and taxonomy of Podosphaera filipendulae (including P. filipendulensis, syn. nov.) have been examined. Asian, European and North American collections were examined and the nucleotides sequences of their partial rDNA region were determined. In particular, the relationship between P. filipendulae and P. spiraeae was analysed. The results confirmed P. filipendulae and P. spiraeae as two separate, morphologically similar species. The phylogenetic analysis revealed a similar phylogeny to that of the host genera. Although ITS sequences retrieved from Asian, European and North American specimens of P. filipendulae on various Filipendula spp. are identical to sequences from P. macularis on hop, there is consistently one base substitution at the 5’-end of 28S rRNA gene between the species. This result provides evidence that the hop powdery mildew and P. filipendulae are biologically and morphologically clearly distinguished, and should be maintained as two separate species.
