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Photos of fresh (f) and (a – e) dried apothecia. a. H. corium (C-F-92111, holotype of H. arctica); b. H. nannfeldtii (O-253343); c. H. alpestris (O ex DAOM574891); d. H. macrosperma (O-253330); e. H. alpina (O-253228, holotype); f. H. alpestris (O-253400). — Scale bars = 1 cm. — Photos: a–e: I. Skrede; f: T. Schumacher.
Source publication
Helvella
is a widespread, speciose genus of large apothecial ascomycetes (Pezizomycete:Pezizales) that are found in terrestrial biomes of the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. This study represents a beginning on assessing species limits and applying correct names forHelvellaspecies based on type material and specimens in the university herbaria (...
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... barcode GenBank KY772593; Fig. 4e Etymology Apothecia regularly cupulate-stipitate, black all over, cup 0.8- 2.0 cm across, receptacle surface subpubescent, commonly with white crystalline deposits at the margin, stipe slender, 0.2-0.3 cm thick, 1.0-3.5 cm long, solid to hollow, occasion- ally with a few longitudinal grooves. Medullary excipulum of textura intricata, ...
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... ('Elvela') (= H. lacunosa Afzel.). (O-242201); Nordland, Rana, Hammarnes, 15 km N Mo i Rana, rich mouldy soil, 18 Aug. 1979, H. Dissing [H419] (C-F-54652); Troms, Gratangen, Finnesletta, calcareous pasture land, 10 Sept. 2005, B.H. Larsen [H244] (O-360225). ...
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... data clearly discriminate between the two: five hsp, six rpb2 and eight LSU substitutions separate the species. We have selected a collec- tion from Norway as a neotype for this intercontinental species, here supplied with partial sequences of hsp, rpb2 and LSU. The North American, European and Japanese specimens vary by one rpb2 bp substitution. . ...
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... 45 (1-2): 35. 1991 - Fig. 4d Basionym. Helvella arctica Nannf. var. macrosperma J. Favre, Ergebn. Wiss. Untersuch. Schweiz. Nationalparkes 5, 33: 199. 1955 Illustrations -Favre (1955: pl. 1, f. ...
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... nannfeldtii Skrede, T. Carlsen & T. Schumach. sp. nov. -MycoBank MB820326; hsp barcode GenBank KY784203; rpb2 barcode GenBank KY772447; Fig. 4b Etymology. Named in honour of the Swedish botanist and mycologist Jon Axel Nannfeldt. Apothecia short-stipitate-cupulate, black, 1-3 cm broad, 1-3 cm high; stipe terete, usually deeply buried in the soil, 0.2-0.3 cm broad, 0.5-2.0 cm long, greyish black above, whitish below, with or without grooves at base, receptacle surface ...
Similar publications
Phylogenetic analyses of 115 newly collected Helvella specimens from Spain using three genetic markers [heat shock protein 90 ( hsp ), RNA polymerase II second largest subunit ( rpb2 ) and the nuclear large subunit ribosomal DNA (LSU)] confirm the assignment of the Spanish collections to one Dissingia and 30 Helvella species. The analyses were supp...
Citations
... The species of Dissingia grow especially on calcareous soil, often in coniferous forests (Harmaja 1979, Skrede et al. 2017. The representatives of the genus were previously identified as a part of the Leucomelaena lineage within the broader concept of Helvella L. (Landeros et al. 2015, Skrede et al. 2017, which were then segregated in the genus Dissingia by Hansen et al. (2019) based on morphological and molecular characters. ...
... The species of Dissingia grow especially on calcareous soil, often in coniferous forests (Harmaja 1979, Skrede et al. 2017. The representatives of the genus were previously identified as a part of the Leucomelaena lineage within the broader concept of Helvella L. (Landeros et al. 2015, Skrede et al. 2017, which were then segregated in the genus Dissingia by Hansen et al. (2019) based on morphological and molecular characters. Dissingia species are separated from relatives mainly by asci that develop from simple septa (aporhynchous asci). ...
... The phylogenetic inference of Helvella and its related genera has been examined by using DNA sequences of numerous DNA regions ( Wang et al. 2023). Even if the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region is suggested as the potential barcode for fungi (Schoch et al. 2012), amplification of the region using universal primers generally failed because of the primer and DNA mismatch (Skrede et al. 2017). Therefore, the amplification achievement rate of ITS sequence is low, especially in herbarium materials (Skrede et al. 2017). ...
In the present study, specimens kept in Fungarium of Van Yüzüncü Yıl University-Türkiye (VANF) were evaluated based on morphological and molecular characters, and identified as Dissingia confusa as a new record from Eastern Türkiye. Ascocarp, hymenium, stipe, ascospores, ascus and paraphyses were considered as diagnostic morphological characters and the nucleotide sequences of the large subunit (LSU) ribosomal DNA and the translation elongation factor 1-alpha (TEF1-α) were referred as molecular data. A phylogenetic analysis was performed with Maximum parsimony and Bayesian inference methods. The DNA sequences of 15 (7 for TEF1-α) Dissingia and 27 (14 for TEF1-α) Helvella specimens downloaded from the GenBank database were included in the analysis to estimate phylogeny between the two close genera. Morphological evaluations and genetic evidences confirmed that Dissingia is phylogenetically separated from Helvella at genus level and helped to identify the studied specimens as D. confusa as a new record in Türkiye. Detailed description, colour images of fresh and dried ascomata, along with photographs of microscopic characters and the obtained phylogenetic trees are given.
... The species of Dissingia grow especially on calcareous soil, often in coniferous forests (Harmaja 1979, Skrede et al. 2017. The representatives of the genus were previously identified as a part of the (i.e. ...
... The phylogenetic inference of Helvella and its related genera has been examined by using DNA sequences of numerous DNA regions ( Wang et al. 2023). Even if the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region is suggested as the potential barcode for fungi (Schoch et al. 2012), amplification of the region using universal primers generally failed because of the primer and DNA mismatch (Skrede et al. 2017). Therefore, the amplification achievement rate of ITS sequence is low, especially in herbarium materials (Skrede et al. 2017). ...
... Even if the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region is suggested as the potential barcode for fungi (Schoch et al. 2012), amplification of the region using universal primers generally failed because of the primer and DNA mismatch (Skrede et al. 2017). Therefore, the amplification achievement rate of ITS sequence is low, especially in herbarium materials (Skrede et al. 2017). In the present study, the nuclear large subunit ribosomal (nrLSU) DNA and translation elongation factor alpha (TEF1-α) were preferred since these regions were proved to be useful for assessing the species boundaries within the genus Helvella in Europe leucomelaena has been reported from Türkiye so far (Uzun 2023). ...
Dissingia confusa (Harmaja) K. Hansen & X.H. Wang , housed in the Fungarium of Van Yüzüncü Yıl University (VANF) is identified as a new record from Eastern Türkiye based on morphological and molecular characters. Pileus, hymenium, stipe, spore, ascus and paraphyse structures are used as morphological features and the nucleotide sequences of the large subunıt (LSU) and translation elangation factor 1-alpha (TEF1-α) regions are utulized as molecular data. The analyses are supplemented with an additional sample of 15 (7 for TEF1-α) Dissigia and 27 (14 for TEF1-α) Helvella specimens downloaded from GenBank database to figure phylogeny between two close genera. Morphological studies and genetic evidences confirm that Dissingia is phylogenetically separated from Helvella at genus level and Dissingia confusa is firstly identified in Türkiye. A detailed description, colour pictures of fresh and dried specimens, as well as images of microscopical characters and phylogenetic trees are provided.
... The fruit bodies of members of the Ascomycota are either enormous and more complex, like those of Helvella, Morchella, or Tuber, or they are smaller and simpler, like those of Peziza sp., which are characterized by their cup-shaped fruit bodies. (Skrede et al., 2017). The goal of this study is to investigate and identify wild mushrooms that naturally occur in the Erbil Governorate, Kurdistan Region of Iraq, in various areas and during various seasons. ...
Seventeen mushroom species from fourteen genera were collected and identified
from various locations, such as: Bardarash, Barzan, Erbil city center, Hiran,
Mergasor, Shaqlawa, Khalefan, Tawska and Taqtaq. The following genus and species
have been identified: Agaricus bisporus, A. campestris, A. incultorum, Coprinus
comatus, Lycoperdon umbrinum, Amanita virosa, Panaeolus semiovatus, Pleurotus
ostreatus, Omphalina pyxidate, O. rosella, Phallus impudicus, Fomitopsis betulina,
Ganoderma applanatum, Daedaleopsis confragosa, lactarius vellereus, Helvella
leucopus and Bisporella citrina. Seven genera (8 species) of mushrooms were
discovered for the first timein kurdistan region-Iraq, such as: Lycoperdon umbrinum,
Amanita virosa, Omphalina pyxidate, O. rosella, Phallus impudicus, Daedaleopsis
confragosa, Helvella leucopus and Bisporella citrina. The goal of this research is to
investigate and identify wild mushrooms that naturally occur in the Erbil Governorate,
Kurdistan Region of Iraq, in various areas and during various seasons.
... The sample desired for the current work was collected from Gulmarg, Naid Khai and Handwara of North Kashmir, India according to the method of Skrede et al. 20 The collected mushroom was identified on the basis of morpho-anatomical and molecular characteristics using analysis of ITS sequences as M. crassipes. [21][22][23] The identified specimen ( Fig. 1) was finally submitted and preserved in the Section of Mycology, KASH herbarium, Centre of Plant Taxonomy, Division of Botany, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, J&K, India-190006 with Accession No: 4334-KASH Herbarium. ...
In the current era, wild macrofungi are being focused for developing and overing novel bioactive compounds for the management of agricultural, horticultural, and other infectious diseases. In that view, current research work was designed to evaluate the biochemical composition and medicinal properties of Morchella crassipes mushroom. The mycochemical screening of aqueous extract exposed the incidence of glycosides, free amino acids and proteins, alkaloids, carbs, flavonoids, terpenoids, phenolic compounds and tannins, except volatile oils, resins, steroids, and anthraquinones. However, hexane extract exhibited the occurrence of glycosides, alkaloids, volatile oils, steroids and terpenoids while as all other phytochemicals were not detected. The gas chromatography mass spectrometry profiling has disclosed the identification of three predominant naturally occurring bioactive volatile monoterpenoids, namely neral, citral, and epoxy-linalool oxide with well-known biological activities. The methanolic extract resulted in strong antifungal efficacy against the tested fungal strains such as Penicillium chrysogenum (20.33 ± 0.57 mm) followed by Pythium ultimum (15.33 ± 0.76 mm) and Aspergillus niger (12.50 ± 0.50 mm) at highest concentrations. Likewise, marked antibacterial effects were reported in case of Staphylococcus aureus (15.16 ± 0.76 mm), followed by Salmonella gallinarum (14.33 ± 0.57 mm) and Escherichia coli (13.66 ± 0.57 mm), respectively. This data may offer baseline information regarding the bioactive metabolites and opening new ways for conducting trails to find natural management strategies to combat multi drug resistant pathogens in horticulture, agriculture, and aquaculture.
... In recent comprehensive studies, nLSU region has been found a more variable barcoding region for species delimitation of Helvella. 34,35 Similarly studies have also shown hsp (Heat shock protein) and rpb2 (RNA polymerase II subunit) as useful markers for species identification in the genus Helvella. 36,37 Hence, multigene phylogeny and a thoroughly studied morphology could be promising in the identification of Helvella species. ...
A combination of micromorphology and phylogenetic analysis based on translation elongation factor 1-alpha (TEF-1α) revealed these specimens as Helvella bachu, the first record of this species in Pakistan after China. Moreover, the material was evaluated for antibacterial and antioxidant activities. Four strains of bacteria, i.e., Bacillus subtilis, Klebsiella aerogenes, K. pneumonia, and Staphylococcus aureus were used for antibacterial activity following Soxhlet extraction. The maximum zone of inhibition of methanolic extract of H. bachu at 30 mg/mL against B. subtilis was 31.9 ± 1.735 mm, followed by K. aerogenes (29.33 ± 2.19 mm), K. pneumoniae (27.08 ± 4.6 mm), and S. aureus (24 ± 1.53 mm), respectively. The methanolic extract, in free radical scavenging assay, of H. bachu has shown antioxidant potential with an IC 50 value of 0.4047 μg/mL while that of ascorbic acid was 0.374 μg/mL. Hence, H. bachu can serve as a source of mushroom-based nutraceuticals.
... uvádí u H. latispora při délce askospor 18-19,4-21 µm jejich šířku 13,5-14,8-18 µm; a i když rozptyl hodnoty šířky výtrusů je poměrně značný, Tento druh je poněkud problematický i z taxonomického hlediska.Skrede et al. (2017) a také databáze MycoBank (www.mycobank.org) preferují pro taxon starší jméno Helvella levis Bergeret, avšak dle původního popisu s dochovaným ikonoty pem(Bergeret 1783, p. 149) by měla být apotecia lysá. Naproti tomu revizí holoty pové položky H. latispora Boud. (Van Vooren 2010b, p. 42) bylo zjištěno ochmýření vnější strany plodnice, s ...
... (Van Vooren 2010b, p. 42) bylo zjištěno ochmýření vnější strany plodnice, stejně jako u našeho sběru.Taxon bývá také někdy uváděn pod jménem H. stevensii Peck, avšak synonymie s tímto severoamerickým druhem dlouho nebyla a dosud není všeobecně přijímána. Na rozdíly mezi H. latispora a H. stevensii poukazuje např.Dissing (1966), když řadí oba druhy do rozdílných sekcí, aSkrede et al. (2017) dle své molekulární studie jejich synonymii prakticky vylučují. ...
Článek je druhou částí sdělení o nálezech a prvonálezech některých vzácnějších, méně známých či dosud pravděpodobně přehlížených askomycetů v národním parku Podyjí z let 2017 až 2021 a je zaměřen na druhy z třídy Pezizomycetes. Údaje uváděné v literárních a herbářových zdrojích, které se týkají ekologických nároků prezentovaných taxonů, jsou srovnávány s vlastními poznatky z terénu, komentována je také taxonomická problematika. U druhů s ojedinělým výskytem na území ČR – Elaiopezia polaripapulata, Geoscypha ampelina, Leucoscypha leucotricha, Malvipezia howsei a Peziza saccardoana – je pak prezentován přehled exsikátů uložených ve sbírkách veřejných i soukromých herbářů v ČR. (This paper is the second part of a report on the collections and first finds of some rare, less
known, or hitherto probably overlooked ascomycetes in the Podyjí National Park from 2017 to 2021, dealing with species of the class Pezizomycetes. Data from literary and herbarium sources related to the ecological requirements of the presented taxa are compared with knowledge gained during the field research, and taxonomic issues are also commented on. For species with an exceptional occurrence in the Czech Republic, i.e. Elaiopezia polaripapulata, Geoscypha ampelina, Leucoscypha leucotricha, Malvipezia howsei, and Peziza saccardoana, an overview of exsiccates deposited in the collections of Czech public and private herbaria is presented.)
... Previamente reportada por Saldívar (2015) en la Reserva Natural Datanlí-El Diablo, Jinotega. Helvella atra se caracteriza por presentar ascomas lobulados, himenio negro, estípite y excípulo ectal liso y ascosporas elipsoides, hialinas y lisas (Skrede et al., 2017). Es una especie ectomicorrízica, habita en el suelo de forma solitaria o gregaria, distribuida principalmente en la región norte-centro del país, en bosque nuboso de altura y bosque de Pinus-Quercus, entre 750-1600 m. ...
An updated study was carried out on the species of fungi of the order Pezizales (Ascomycota) present in Nicaragua, where 13 species are accepted, of which 9 were previously reported in the country and 4 species are new records for Nicaragua: Cookeina venezuelae, Geodina guanacastensis, Phillipsia lutea and Scutellinia cubensis.
... Almost all Helvella species have saddle-shaped ascocarps with cupulate or lobed caps on a distinct stipe, and ellipsoid ascospores with a large central oil drop with the exception of the H. macropus complex which has subfusoid ascospores. Helvella species are extraordinarily common and widely distributed in terrestrial biomes of the Northern and Southern Hemispheres (Skrede et al. 2017(Skrede et al. , 2020. Some of them have great dietary and health value, such as, H. bachu, H. lacunosa and H. taiyuanensis (Liu et al. 1985, Shameem et al. 2016, Zhao et al. 2016a. ...
... As a frequently encountered and important fungal group, the systematics and species diversity of Helvella have been widely studied by mycologists from different parts of the world, especially from Europe and North America (Dissing 1966a, b, Korf 1972, Weber 1972, 1975, Harmaja 1979, Häffner 1987, Abbott & Currah 1997, Landeros et al. 2012, Nguyen et al. 2013, Skrede et al. 2017, 2020, Hansen et al. 2019, Løken et al. 2019). The ascoma shape and colour, pubescence on the apothecium receptacle surface, ascospore size and shape are highlighted in the identification of Helvella species. ...
... However, it's difficult to discriminate the difference between Helvella species with only morphology. Molecular systematics and DNA barcode sequences as a robust tool to identify fungal species have been applied to taxonomic studies of Helvella, which are useful for establishing the species concepts of Helvella (Landvik et al. 1999, Hansen & Pfister 2006, Tedersoo et al. 2006, Laessoe & Hansen 2007, Nguyen et al. 2013, Landeros et al. 2015, Skrede et al. 2017, 2020, Hansen et al. 2019, Wang et al. 2019, 2023a, b, Lu et al. 2023. For example, Landeros et al. (2015) revealed Helvella is monophyletic by analysing partial nrLSU data. ...
Helvella is a widespread, frequently encountered fungal group appearing in forests, but the species diversity and molecular phylogeny of Helvella in China remains incompletely understood. In this work, we performed comprehensive phylogenetic analyses using multilocus sequence data. Six datasets were employed, including a five-locus concatenated dataset (ITS, nrLSU, tef1-α, rpb2, hsp), a two-locus concatenated dataset (ITS, nrLSU), and four single-locus datasets (ITS) that were divided based on the four different phylogenetic clades of Helvella recognized in this study. A total of 1 946 sequences were used, of which 713 were newly generated, including 170 sequences of ITS, 174 sequences of nrLSU, 131 sequences of tef1-α, 107 sequences of rpb2 and 131 sequences of hsp. The phylogeny based on the five-locus concatenated dataset revealed that Helvella s. str. is monophyletic and four phylogenetic clades are clearly recognized, i.e., Acetabulum clade, Crispa clade, Elastica clade, and Lacunosa clade. A total of 24 lineages or subclades were recognized, 11 of which were new, the remaining 13 corresponding with previous studies. Chinese Helvella species are distributed in 22 lineages across four clades. Phylogenetic analyses based on the two-locus concatenated dataset and four single-locus datasets confirmed the presence of at least 93 phylogenetic species in China. Among them, 58 are identified as known species, including a species with a newly designated lectotype and epitype, 18 are newly described in this paper, and the remaining 17 taxa are putatively new to science but remain unnamed due to the paucity or absence of ascomatal materials. In addition, the Helvella species previously recorded in China are discussed. A list of 76 confirmed species, including newly proposed species, is provided. The occurrence of H. crispa and H. elastica are not confirmed although
both are commonly recorded in China.
... names/Names.asp, accessed on 18 June 2023), of which more than 90 species are scientifically accepted (Ariyawansa et al. 2015, Wang et al. 2016, 2016a, 2016b, Skrede et al. 2017, Løken et al. 2020, Landeros et al. 2021, Xu et al. 2022. ...
... Helvella L., a species-rich genus, plays an important ecological role as ectomycorrhizal symbionts (Skrede et al. 2017). Helvella macropus morphospecies complex has a wide distribution in the northern hemisphere and has been recorded in America, Europe, China and Japan (Skrede et al. 2017). ...
... Helvella L., a species-rich genus, plays an important ecological role as ectomycorrhizal symbionts (Skrede et al. 2017). Helvella macropus morphospecies complex has a wide distribution in the northern hemisphere and has been recorded in America, Europe, China and Japan (Skrede et al. 2017). However, the Chinese macropus-like fungi of Helvella have always been misused with the European name (e.g., Helvella macropus) without detailed morphological and phylogenetic studies (Zhuang et al. 2008). ...
The brown cupulate saddle fungi with villus surface in China, have long been named as Helvella macropus, a well-known European and North American species. In this study, Helvella fruiting bodies from Austria, China (the Tibetan Plateau), and Germany were examined. Phylogenetic analyses of combined LSU, TEF and HSP90 sequence data showed that the Chinese H. macropus-like samples represent two phylogenetic species, one of which is H. macropus s.s., and the other is H. guttata, which is introduced as new species here. Helvella guttata and H. macropus are described and illustrated in detail and compared with their similar species. In addition, a key to the morphologically recognizable taxa of the H. macropus complex is provided.
... Fr. (Linnaeus, 1753;Fries, 1822;Hansen et al., 2019). Helvella is distributed worldwide, and members are mainly found in mountainous and forested regions in north-temperate Eurasia and North America (Zhao et al., , 2016aSkrede et al., 2017). The genus includes a series of elaborate ascomata, from cupulate to saddle-shaped and/or from lobed to folded apothecia, which are located on terete, ribbed, or furrowed stipes (Skrede et al., 2017). ...
... Helvella is distributed worldwide, and members are mainly found in mountainous and forested regions in north-temperate Eurasia and North America (Zhao et al., , 2016aSkrede et al., 2017). The genus includes a series of elaborate ascomata, from cupulate to saddle-shaped and/or from lobed to folded apothecia, which are located on terete, ribbed, or furrowed stipes (Skrede et al., 2017). Helvella ascomata usually produce a wide range of colors such as white, creamy white, gray, and brown to black (Landeros et al., 2012;Skrede et al., 2017). ...
... The genus includes a series of elaborate ascomata, from cupulate to saddle-shaped and/or from lobed to folded apothecia, which are located on terete, ribbed, or furrowed stipes (Skrede et al., 2017). Helvella ascomata usually produce a wide range of colors such as white, creamy white, gray, and brown to black (Landeros et al., 2012;Skrede et al., 2017). Some Helvella species form ectomycorrhizal symbioses with plants in several families, such as Fagaceae, Pinaceae, and Salicaceae (Nguyen et al., 2013;Hwang et al., 2015). ...
Most species of Helvella have been described from temperate regions in Asia, Europe, and North America, but little is known about the genus from tropical regions. In this report, phylogenetic analyses of 11 newly collected saddle-like fungi from northern Thailand using three genetic markers [the nuclear large subunit ribosomal DNA (LSU), the heat shock protein 90 (HSP90), and the translation elongation factor 1-alpha (TEF)] confirm their assignment in Helvella. Two species were described as new, i.e., Helvella atroides and H. orentitomentosa, and two species, i.e., H. fistulosa and H. rugosa, were reported for the first time in Thailand. Details of macro- and microscopic characters and illustrations were provided for each species. To date, seven species of Helvella have been recorded in Thailand, and a key for identifying the Thai Helvella species was provided here.
