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Photomicrographs of vitrinite particles from the Intra-Sudetic Basin. A and B – Sample 1s, borehole GW-19. C – Sample 17s, borehole GW-19. D – Sample 10s, borehole GT-10. E – Sample 6s, borehole GT-10. F – Sample 22s, borehole GT-10. Photomicrographs under reflected white light and examination under oil immersion.
Source publication
Raman spectroscopy and vitrinite reflectance measurements of dispersed organic matter from Carboniferous shales in boreholes in the northern part of the Intra-Sudetic Basin were used for thermal history reconstruction. Microscopic investigations have shown that the organic matter is dominated by the vitrinite maceral group. In analysed samples, org...
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Citations
... This organic component is applied to evaluate the thermal evolutionary history of the sedimentary basin (e.g. Taylor et al. 1998, Botor et al. 2020, Łuszczak et al. 2020, and references therein) or even in seismic hazard assessment (e.g. Phan et al. 2019). ...
In this study, optical microscopic analyses were applied to evaluate the thermal maturity, characteristics of solid bitumen, and other organic matter finely dispersed in Oligocene shales of the Menilite Formation in the Iwonicz-Zdrój–Rudawka Rymanowska Fold (IRF) and Bóbrka–Rogi Fold (BRF) of the Central Carpathian Synclinorium of the Silesian Nappe, Outer Carpathians, Poland. The investigation was carried out at two-unit depths of the shallow and deeper D-1 sections (430 m – IRF and 4,300 m – BRF) and outcrop samples (BRF). The mean random huminite reflectance values indicate immature conditions with respect to hydrocarbon generation in samples from the D-1 shallow section (VRo ≈ 0.40%) and in the outcrop samples (VRo = 0.36%). The degree of thermal maturity of the organic matter from a depth of about 4,300 m – BRF based on random vitrinite (VRo ≈ 0.80%) and solid bitumen (BRo ≈ 0.65%) reflectance measurements is associated with the “oil window” for petroleum generation. The organic components dispersed in the examined Menilite Formation samples are typical for hydrocarbon-prone organic matter, suggesting the dominant kerogen type II. The potential precursor maceral for solid bitumen occurring in the examined samples from the deeper D-1 sections is largely the alginite maceral.
... Similarly, VR o (see e.g. Durand, 1980;Tissot and Welte, 1984;Gaupp and Batten, 1985;Botor et al., 2020;Łuszczak et al., 2020) and S (see e.g. Pollastro, 1990;Ś rodoń, 1995;Ś rodoń and Clauer, 2001;Derkowski et al., 2020) or both VR o and S (see e.g. ...
... Because of the missing data, we decided to use a simple, empirical correlation technique proposed by Barker and Pawlewicz (1994). The use of the first equation of Barker and Pawlewicz (1994) for slow heating conditions can be justified by the good correlation with Sweeney and Burnham's (1990) kinetic model in the lower diagenetic range (Botor et al., 2020). ...
Results are presented on the relationships between the vitrinite reflectance VRo, the Tmax temperatures determined
with Rock-Eval pyrolysis, and the smectite (S) indices representing the percentage of smectite in the
mixed-layer illite-smectite (I/S) from claystones. Samples locations are recovered from the Polish part of the
Outer Carpathian fold-and-thrust belt. Organic indices show thermal maturities of most outcrop samples in the
range of 0.47 to 1.49% Ro and 421 to 485 °C Tmax. Inorganic S indices values range from 8 to 60%. Lateral variability
of the maturity measured with both organic and inorganic indices reflects mainly differences of maximum
tectonic burial in the accretionary prism and subsequent exhumation and denudation. For the Western Outer
Carpathians the calculated formulae for Tmax to VRo and S to VRo conversion are VRo = 0.0152 * Tmax - 5.938
(r2 = 0.87) and VRo = 1.1432–0.01295 * S (r2 = 0.65), respectively. Maximum paleotemperatures were calculated
for individual samples from S indices by applying the novel formula T = ln (1.1432–0.01295 * S) + 1.68/
0.0124. The proposed new conversion formulae might be useful in other regions with a similar geological setting,
i.e. for claystone formations dominated by kerogen type III in fold–and-thrust belts, characterized by rapid
tectonic burial accompanied by a low geothermal gradient, as well as maturities of the sub-bituminous to the
medium volatile bituminous rank (0.5 to 1.50% Ro).
