Fig 3 - available via license: CC BY-NC
Content may be subject to copyright.
Photomicrographs of Bolinus brandaris female gonad maturation stages: (A) immature; (B) pre-active; (C) active; (D) ripe; (E) partially spent; (F) spent.
Source publication
The reproductive cycle of the purple dye murex (Bolinus brandaris) from the Gulf of Gabèswas studied through gonad histology and calculation of bio-physiological indices (general condition index - K and gonadosomatic index - GSI). The shell length at first sexual maturity (SL50) of B. brandaris was also investigated using a macroscopic maturation s...
Context in source publication
Context 1
... of gonad histological sections at each maturation stage highlighted the most relevant features of gametogenesis in female and male B. brandaris (Figs. 3 and 4). Several maturation stages were seen to occur simultaneously in both sexes, although with highly variable relative proportions the year round (Fig. 5). The highest number of different maturation stages registered in a monthly sample was five stages of oogenesis (January and June) (Fig. 5A) and six stages of spermatogenesis (January) ...
Similar publications
This work describes the reproductive physiology of the bastard grunt and gives some characteristics on the reproduction and growth in weight. Pomadasys incisus was caught with small-scale fishing fleet in the Tunis Gulf, and were sampled several times a month, from October 1991 to September 1994. The whole sample consisted in 1,325 specimens with t...
The main Spondylus limbatus population parameters were estimated based on the analysis of individual growth and reproductive aspects of specimens collected monthly (n = 30) from January to December 2009 in the fishing area of Agua Verde, Gulf of California. The size structure determined from shell measurements was 82–167 mm and the direct reading o...
Citations
... However, many species of the subclass Caenogastropoda have been studied to understand their reproductive biology throughout the world from the Atlantic Ocean (USA) to the Pacific Ocean (Philippines) including Busycotypus canaliculatus (Fisher et al. 2015) and Gemmula speciosa (Mingoa-licuanan 2012). Similarly, from the Mediterranean Sea in the coastal waters of northern Tunisia the reproductive cycle of Hexaplex trunculus (Gharsallah 2010) and from southern Tunisia of Bolinus brandaris (Elhasni et al. 2013) have been reported. The pattern of reproduction and development of gonads in Thais carinifera is known to be reported from Suez Canal, Egypt (Radwan et al. 2009). ...
... To understand the reproductive cycle of C. coronatus the gonads were histologically examined from both sites. Previously the gametogenic cycle of Melampus coffeus from Brazil Northeast (Maia et al. 2012), Polymesoda expansa from Malaysia (Idris et al. 2017), Bolinus brandaris from southern Portugal and southern Tunisia (Vasconcelos et al. 2012;Elhasni et al. 2013), Gemmula speciose from Philippines (Mingoa-licuanan 2012), H. trunculus from northern Tunisia (Gharsallah et al. 2010) and Thais carinifera from Egypt (Radwan et al 2009) have been reported. They identified different stages of gametogenesis depending upon status of maturation, starting from developing stage of gametes to spent condition. ...
Present study describes the reproductive cycle, sex ratio, stages of the gonadal development and gonadal index (GI) of Conus coronatus collected from Buleji and Manora, Karachi. A total of 641 (329 from Manora and 312 from Buleji) C. coronatus of different sizes had randomly collected from April 2015 to March 2016. The females showed predominance in the population at both sites. Five different stages of the reproductive cycles of male and female C. coronatus: resting, developing, ripe, partially spawned, and spawned out were found. Spawning was observed throughout the year. At resting phase all the stages of spermatogenesis and oogenesis were absent. At developing stage oogonia, oocytes, spermatogonia, and spermatocytes were abundantly present in their respective follicles. At ripe stage, in males follicle countless spermatids and spermatozoa were observed however, in female the vitellogenic oocytes were been packed in follicles. At partially spawned stage, male follicles were partially empty while in female follicles unspawned mature ova were seen. At spawned out stage, both male and female follicles were empty. Gonadal development in males was at its highest peak (4.37) in summer (September 2015) at Manora and (4.00) in summer and winter (May 2015 and February 2016) at Buleji. However, in females, the highest value (5.00) of GI was observed only in summer (July and October 2015) at Manora and (4.36) in September (2015) at Buleji.
... Although industrially exploited species were our primary focus, many of these molluscs are also exploited in small-scale and artisanal fisheries, which in the Mediterranean and Black Sea, represent 84% of the total fishing fleet and employ 62% of fishers (Baeta et al., 2021), with valuable localized benefits (Garcia et al., 2008;Guyader et al., 2013;Baeta et al., 2021). For example, the predicted extirpation of the locally important endemic gastropods, B. brandaris and T. mutabilis (Martín et al., 1995;Ramón and Amor, 2001;Vasconcelos et al., 2008Vasconcelos et al., , 2008Katsanevakis et al., 2011;Elhasni et al., 2013;Cocci et al., 2021) from the southern Mediterranean under low emissions scenarios followed by reduced occurrence in northern regions under high emissions scenarios, raises concerns, especially in the context of recently recorded population declines of T. mutabilis, possibly due to overexploitation (Caprioli and Giansante, 2018). ...
The Mediterranean Sea is a global hotspot of climate warming and biodiversity loss where molluscs have provided valuable ecosystem services, such as provisioning and cultural value, since prehistoric times. A high rate of warming and range shift limitations due to the semi-enclosed nature of the basin raise concerns about molluscan population persistence in future climate scenarios. We modelled the future distribution of 13 Mediterranean species of molluscs subject to industrial fisheries exploitation on both the Mediterranean and Atlantic European coasts. We tested the hypothesis that range contractions, fragmentation, and species extirpations will become increasingly severe in the Mediterranean by modelling mid-century and end-century species distributions for four IPCC climate change scenarios. Already under mild emissions scenarios, substantial range contractions and fragmentation are projected in the Mediterranean, suggesting global extinctions by end-century for most endemic species. Colder deep waters do not act as refugia, contrary to expectations. Species also occurring along the Atlantic European coasts may benefit from warming through range expansions to higher latitudes or deeper waters. Most of the modeled species are already over-exploited, but their eradication from the Mediterranean will imply substantial financial losses and a profound cultural change in coastal communities.
... The overall sex ratio (M:F) of Bolinus brandaris has been measured at 1:1.5, with the proportion of females higher; this sex ratio showed seasonal differences. In addition, with shell lengths of 5 mm or less, males were a higher proportion, but as size increased, the proportion of females tended to increase [33]. In contrast, the sex ratio (M:F) of Rapana venosa from the Black sea has been measured at about 1:1 in a two-year-old group, but 1.3:1, 3.3:1, 4:1, 17.7:1 in the three-, four-, five-, and six-year-old groups, respectively, and in all groups older than six years all individuals were male [34]. ...
This study was performed to obtain information on the basic reproductive ecology and biological resource management of Buccinum osagawai. Samples were collected from August 2018 to October 2019 with a drum-shaped net at a depth of 150–250 m along the continental shelf in Jumunjin, on the east coast of Korea. The species showed gonochorism and a lack of external sexual dimorphism. The overall sex ratio (F:M) was 1:1.2 (n = 549, F = 250, M = 299); as the size of the individuals increased, the proportion of males tended to decrease. The development pattern of the oocyte was synchronous, in which a dominant group of oocytes was identified within the same ovary. The size of the ripe oocyte was 82.3 (±22.6) × 125.5 (±22.0) μm. The spermatocyte development pattern was group-synchronous, in which multiple stages of germ cell populations were simultaneously identified within the same spermatogenic acinus. The gonad index (GI) for both males and females showed the highest value during June, after which it decreased sharply, and after August it was below 2.0. The main spawning season was from June to July, and the GI and stages of gonadal development did not show a pattern of seasonal changes. The main gonadal active season was from May to July, and both male and female gonadal development and maturation took place over a short period, whereas the recovery period after spawning was longer. At least 60.5% of the group, considering both males and females, showed maturity at 50.1 mm SH or more. Furthermore, the size of 50% group maturity was shown at approximately 50.0 mm SH.
... La talla media de madurez (LC M ) de H. princeps, es el primer reporte para toda su área de distribución. El presente estudio muestra que la LC M tiende a ser mayor en hembras que en machos, esto ha sido observado para otras especies de la familia Muricidae, como H. trunculus (Elhasni et al., 2010;Gharsallah et al., 2010) y B. brandaris en costas de Túnez (Elhasni et al., 2013), así como, para otras especies de gasterópodos tales como: Buccinum cyaenum, Strombus gigas, B. isaotakii, Odontocymbiola magellanica y Adelomelon brasiliana (Bigatti et al., 2008;Cledón et al., 2008;Chiquillo-Espítia et al., 1997;Ilano et al., 2003;Miloslavich & Dufresne, 1994). La diferencia de LC M entre machos y hembras puede deberse a un crecimiento diferencial entre los sexos (Power & Keegan, 2001). ...
Introduction:
The snail Hexaplex princeps is the most important gastropod in the fishery of Guerrero, but capture is not legally regulated for lack of enough studies about its reproduction, growth and other fishing aspects.
Objective:
To assess fishery data for H. princeps in Guerrero.
Methods:
From October 2016 to December 2017, we analyzed histological samples of the gonads from 6 to 13 individuals per month. We also collected data on pre-reproductive organisms captured in Costa Chica (2013 and 2014), Costa Grande (2017) and Acapulco (2019 and 2020).
Results:
Both sexes have five stages of gonadal development; most reproductive activity was from December to July, related to sea surface temperatures of 26 to 28 °C. The LC M in females was 94.1 mm (males: 86.1 mm). There was a high percentage of juvenile organisms in the catches (88.6 %).
Conclusions:
To let these snails reproduce at least once, we recommend a fishing ban from December to July, and that the minimum size of commercial capture be set at 94.1 mm.
... Spawning occurs mainly between May and July, with a clear spawning peak from June to July (Vasconcelos et al., 2012). According to some published studies focused on B. brandaris, the exploitation as fishery resource for this species seems to be scarcely relevant in the Mediterranean at a basin scale level, except from some limited areas where it can be widely used as part of traditional recipes (Elhasni et al., 2013). ...
A citizen science contribution and insights from the observation of an unusual scenario on our backyard shoreline.
... Recently, it has been reported that omega fatty acids, including docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) are key to brain health and most likely helped to drive the evolution of the modern human brain, when hominin ancestors consumed rich DHA marine shellfish [2]. In the world, approximately 720 gastropod species are exploited [3,4]. In Mexico, the gastropod catch in 2013 has the 19th place with 6011 ton [5]. ...
... In the world, artisanal fisheries are in continuous expansion due to the growing demand and increasing value of appreciated species, and thus, the fisheries effort is augmenting [12]. Under this scenario, it is advisable (if not indispensable) to gather baseline biological information that may be used to propose management measures promoting long-term sustainable resource exploitation [4]. ...
... The reproduction of Muricidae members (at which H. princeps belongs) has been studied in several instances: the gonad cycle of Bolinus brandaris at the South of Portugal [16] and at the South of Tunisia [4]; in the Gulf of California, Mexico, observations on the "Black Murex" Hexaplex nigritus [17] and Hexaplex erythrostomus [18] similar oviposition. In spite of the importance of H. princeps as a fishery resource, there is no information on its reproductive cycle. ...
During two annual periods, the reproductive cycle of the gastropod
Hexaplex princeps from Puerto Ángel, Oaxaca, Mexico was studied through gonadal histology. Sex proportion for the collected individuals was not statistically different from parity although most of the time, the number of males was slightly larger than that of females, which only outnumbered males during the spawning season. The maturity
stages established for females were: (1) initial oogenesis, (2) previtellogenic maturity, (3) vitellogenic maturity, (4) maturity, (5) spawning, and (6) resting; and for males: (1) initial spermatogenesis, (2) maturity, (3) spawning, (4) onset of the rest, and (5) resting. Monthly variations of maturation stages showed that H. princeps
has an annual reproductive cycle with a long period of gonadal activity. The spawning season comprised from November (females) and December (males) to March, with activity peaks in January. From March to October (females) and from May to June (males), reproduction resting occurred. Spawning was related to high chlorophyll concentrations due to the upwelling processes resulting from the winds and to the cooler sea surface temperatures occurring from November to March. This study provides baseline information that may serve to establish measures for sustainable exploitation strategies and for future aquaculture implementation of this species.
... Reproductive indices.-Reproductive indices provide indirect information that allows to evaluate the reproductive condition, and are commonly used as tools to evaluate gonadal development and determine the timing of reproductive activity (Boolootian et al., 1962;Litaay and De Silva, 2002;Morais et al., 2003;Najmudeen and Victor, 2004;Najmudeen, 2007;Abidli et al., 2012;Elhasni et al., 2013). Usually, a drastic decrease in a reproductive index is interpreted as spawning occurrence (Boolotian et al., 1962). ...
The monitoring on abalone banks has been intensified since the declining of wild global production due to overfishing, disease, environmental changes and poaching. This is to support timely decisions to execute actions for mitigation, prevention, conservation and fisheries production benefits. Eight morphophysiological indices for green abalone, Haliotis fulgens Philippi, 1845 from the Pacific coast of Mexico were evaluated and their performance were elucidated due to their potential as monitoring tools. The Boolootian’s gonadic index (GIB) and gonadic area index (GAIA) were informative of complete reproductive cycle, thus are reliable for reproductive patterns monitoring. While gonadic index (GI) and gonadic index of calculated mass (MGI) were suitable indicators only of spawning. The condition index of calculated mass (MCI), foot index of calculated mass (MFI), condition index (CI) and foot index (FI) proved temporal changes of soft tissues condition. The MFI clearly defined the best nutritional status of the green abalone foot between March to August, indicating the time when fishing organizations can get the best yields and highest foot quality at Baja California Peninsula, Mexico. Therefore MFI can be used as cheap and quick information to make decisions on the start-up of fishing operations and abalone condition monitoring. © Published by Central Fisheries Research Institute (CFRI) Trabzon, Turkey.
... trunculus). Abidli et al. (2012), Vasconcelos et al. (2012) and Elhasni et al. (2013) confirmed these findings in analogous studies with another sympatric muricid (B. brandaris). ...
La génétique des populations a révélé que la diversité génétique des espèces marines était très souvent distribuée de façon discrète dans l’espace, en mosaïque de patchs populationnels génétiquement homogènes délimités par des discontinuités appelées barrière au flux génique. L’objectif de cette thèse était de contribuer à mieux comprendre les processus expliquant l’origine, le maintien et la position des barrières génétiques au niveau de la zone de transition entre l’Atlantique et la Méditerranée. Dans un premier temps a été étudiée la structure génétique de la moule Mytilus galloprovincialis. Contrairement au cline abrupt et étroit reporté en Espagne, nous avons découvert en Algérie une vaste zone hybride mosaïque sur 600 km de côtes à l'Est du front océanique Almeria-Oran. Dans un deuxième temps a été menée une étude de la structure génétique du gastéropode marin Stramonita haemastoma. Nous avons découvert deux lignées cryptiques différentiellement fixées pour des haplogroupes mitochondriaux, et différenciées sur 3 marqueurs microsatellites développés dans cette thèse. La distribution spatiale en mosaïque est étonnante avec un patch de la lignée atlantique enclavé au nord de la Méditerranée occidentale et bordé par une zone hybride au sud dans la région de Valence. Ces deux études mettent en avant l’importance de l’isolement reproductif intrinsèque dans l’explication de la distribution mosaïque de la diversité génétique marine. Bien que les frontières entre patchs correspondent à des barrières physiques à la dispersion ou à des écotones, l’hydrographie et l’environnement n’expliquent sans doute que la position des discontinuités génétiques mais ni leur origine ni leur maintien.
... trunculus: b ¼ 1.034; B. brandaris: b ¼ 0.983) than in males (H. trunculus: b ¼ 0.969; B. brandaris: b ¼ 0.883), which is probably due to the fact that during the maturation peak females develop slightly more voluminous gonads than males and have a large and female-specific accessory sexual organ, the capsule gland responsible for the formation of the egg capsules (oothecae) that encapsulate the developing eggs and embryos, which also reaches a considerable volume during the spawning season (Ramón & Amor, 2002; Amor et al., 2007; Vasconcelos et al., 2008b Vasconcelos et al., , c, 2012b Lahbib et al., 2009 Lahbib et al., , 2011 Elhasni et al., 2010 Elhasni et al., , 2013 Gharsallah et al., 2010; Abidli et al., 2012 ). Accordingly, in both species this morphological difference between sexes was also reflected in their relationships SL vs TWg, which confirmed proportionally faster growth in total weight than in shell length in females (H. ...
The present study reports morphometric relationships and discusses the relative growth in the banded murex (
Hexaplex trunculus
) and the purple dye murex (
Bolinus brandaris
) from the Ria Formosa lagoon (southern Portugal). A total of 11 morphometric parameters (eight linear variables: shell length, shell width, total aperture length, aperture length, aperture width, spire length, spire width and siphonal canal length; three ponderal variables: total weight, soft parts weight and shell weight) were analysed in both species. The analyses comprised numerous individuals of both sexes and with broad size ranges (
H. trunculus
: 10.7–82.8 mm shell length;
B. brandaris
: 14.6–107.7 mm shell length), fairly representative of the populations from the Ria Formosa lagoon. In general,
B. brandaris
exhibited greater morphological plasticity and higher variability in shell shape compared with
H. trunculus
. In both species, the vast majority of morphometric relationships displayed positive allometries, distantly followed by negative allometries and by isometries. Although
H. trunculus
and
B. brandaris
are known to lack external sexual dimorphism, several morphometric relationships revealed significant differences in the type of growth between sexes, which should be further confirmed using more powerful techniques, such as geometric morphometric analyses of shell shape.
... trunculus). Abidli et al. (2012), Vasconcelos et al. (2012) and Elhasni et al. (2013) confirmed these findings in analogous studies with another sympatric muricid (B. brandaris). ...
To better understand the impacts of biofouling on the biological processes of the basibiont, the effects of epibiotic barnacles on the relative growth and reproductive indices of Stramonita haemastoma (Linnaeus, 1767) were assessed. A total of 1035 specimens were collected monthly for one year from Bizerta Channel (northern Tunisia). Endobiotic species comprised the lithophagous bivalves Lithophaga aristata and Rocellaria dubia of different sizes, communicating with the outside through tiny perforations. Intra-shell tunnels and galleries also sheltered annelids and sipunculids. Epibiotic species comprised algae and highly diversified invertebrates represented by crustaceans, polychaetes, molluscs, echinoderms, ascidians, sponges, bryozoans and sipunculids, with barnacles being the most common group. Comparison of growth features between non-fouled and fouled S. haemastoma revealed higher growth in non-fouled specimens. Differences in reproductive condition indices were detected in few months, being mostly higher in non-fouled snails, but showed no asynchrony in the spawning period for either fouled or non-fouled gastropods hosts.
