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Silver/polyaniline (Ag-PANi) nanocomposites were prepared via in situ reduction of silver in aniline by mild photolysis performed
with short wavelength (365 nm) radiation from UV lamp for 12 h. Reduction of the silver in aqueous aniline leads to the formation
of silver nanoparticles which in turn catalyze oxidation of aniline into polyaniline. A sl...
Citations
... 40 They have proved to be excellent hosts by terminating nanoparticle growth through controlling nucleation thus acting as stabilizers or surface capping agents. 41 Among these conductive polymers, PANI attracted much attention owing to its relatively facile preparation, low cost, high electrical conductivity, biocompatibility, environmental stability and unique π conjugated structure which provides the excellent electrochemical activity. 32,42 It also has a wide array of applications in composite fabrication, sensors, catalysis and antimicrobial activity. ...
... Metal/PANI nanocomposites have been utilized as catalysts for removal or conversion of pollutants such as dyes, 94,123 organosulfur compounds and toxic fuels. 41,106 The electrocatalytic oxidative and reduction activity of metal/PANI nanocomposites on carcinogenic and mutagenic pollutants such as hydrazine, nitrite and dibenzothiophene has been explored with the aim of developing sensitive methods for effective detection and degradation of these pollutants. 96,124 The composite modified electrodes have been reported to degrade the pollutants mostly in phosphate buffer solution (PBS) around pH 7 concentrations in the range of µM have been degraded (Table II). ...
Conducting polymers (CPs) have attracted interest as solid supports for metal nanoparticles (MNPs) to improve their stability. In particular, polyaniline (PANI) has gained popularity due to its low cost, high electrical conductivity, stability and ease of preparation. PANI has been combined with various MNPs including silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs) and palladium nanoparticles (PdNPs) which have been used in various applications such as energy storage, catalysis and sensors. This review highlights the various applications of metal/PANI nanocomposites in catalysis and energy storage. The catalytic applications of metal/PANI nanocomposites in oxidation and reduction of pollutants such as toxic fuels and organic dyes to less harmful products have been discussed. Their application on coupling reactions such as C–C coupling, C–N coupling, and Ullman and click chemistry reactions have also been explored. Moreover, the electrocatalytic oxidation of alcohols and alkenes to their respective ketones and epoxides, respectively, by metal/PANI nanocomposites has been explored as well as their possible application in fuel cells. The review further discusses the application of metal/PANI nanocomposites as electrodes for supercapacitors and as bistable memory devices.
... Overall, the strategy foresees focused on localized production of hydrogen by refuelling stations for transportation, homes, and cities will impact our life as it develops into a new energy source. Electrochemical techniques are being used on a more sustainable way [26,27] and have been applied for hydrogen evolution too for the electrochemical energy model. To this end, the conception of a clean energy model through the exchange of acquaintance and innovation across world-leading organizations is the only option for the people. ...
... Apart from this, the use of pesticides in large quantities to enhance agricultural produce yields is the main cause of environmental pollution as residues of pesticides are found in water and food products, a direct human interaction route, which directly affects human health. For solving these issues, nanomaterial-based immunosensors and genosensors are very effective tools [79][80][81][82][83]. Nsibande and Forbes (2016) reported QD-based nanobiosensors for environmental analysis and monitoring, as QD-based nanobiosensors can be commercialized and used routinely for the detection and monitoring of environmental pollutants such as pesticides, heavy metals, and chemical toxins, and the QD-based nanobiosensors as a metal sensor for toxic heavy metal ion detection in water are also very effective and needed, as contamination of heavy metals is the major cause of water pollution [84]. ...
Nanobiotechnology is currently operating in various science domains and is based on nanomaterials and devices at the nanometer scale (1–100 nm). Nanomaterials have been a common material for developing new cutting-edge applications in communications, biosensing, energy storage, data storage, optics, transmission, environmental protection, cosmetics, biology, and medicine due to their extraordinary optical, mechanical, electrical, and magnetic properties. Moreover, owing to its unique properties and utility, which arises from various attributes, namely the size of nanoparticles and biomolecules such as proteins and nucleic acids with a wide range of metals and semiconductor materials (fluorescence and magnetic behavior). Thus, there is an urgent need for knowledge pertaining to the relationship between size, shape, and structure of nanomaterials and how one can tune their capability for electronic and chemical interactions with biological molecules and their implications in biosensors. Nanomaterials are gaining important applications in the fields of biomedical, agricultural, and environmental domains. However, designing new applicable and affordable scaling-up manufacturing techniques will create a new field of study and meet various human requirements. Hence, this chapter briefly introduces nanomaterials and their prospects and broad-spectrum applications, majorly in biomedical, environmental, and agricultural domains.
... Apart from this, the use of pesticides in large quantities to enhance agricultural produce yields is the main cause of environmental pollution as residues of pesticides are found in water and food products, a direct human interaction route, which directly affects human health. For solving these issues, nanomaterial-based immunosensors and genosensors are very effective tools [79][80][81][82][83]. Nsibande and Forbes (2016) reported QD-based nanobiosensors for environmental analysis and monitoring, as QD-based nanobiosensors can be commercialized and used routinely for the detection and monitoring of environmental pollutants such as pesticides, heavy metals, and chemical toxins, and the QD-based nanobiosensors as a metal sensor for toxic heavy metal ion detection in water are also very effective and needed, as contamination of heavy metals is the major cause of water pollution [84]. ...
... The sharp peaks at 2q values = 24.6o, 38.67o, 44.91o, 64.62o and 77.20o can be assigned to the face centered cubic (FCC) phase of silver (002), (111), (200), (220) and (311), respectively [65] which is in agreement with the data found in the literature [66][67][68][69]. The existence of sharp peaks clearly indicates the presence of AgNPs in the composites with their crystalline nature. ...
... 14,15 Similarly, combining silver and a variety of conducting polymer matrices enhances materials' optical, thermal, conducting and mechanical properties, hence, giving rise to materials suitable for the development of nanosensor devices. [15][16][17] Modication of electrodes with conducting polymers is creating new technological possibilities in the development of sensors as they are electroactive materials possessing p-conjugated groups. ...
Modified electrode (GCE/PAni/AgNP) was used for the electrochemical detection of sulfur containing compounds (SCCs) such as benzothiophene (BT), dibenzothiophene (DBT) and 4,6-dimethyldibenzothiophene (4,6-DMDBT) in the presence of naphthalene (NP), thiourea (TH) and carbazole (CR). The electrochemical response of BT, DBT and 4,6-DMDBT was determined using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) method. The detection range for SCCs was from 1 to 11 ppm with detection limits (LOD) of 6.88 × 10−2 ppmS, 2.98 × 10−2 ppmS and 4.64 × 10−2 ppmS for BT, DBT and 4,6-DMDBT, respectively. Electrochemical sensor showed excellent selectivity of the compounds in the presence of naphthalene, carbazole and thiourea over the studied range of concentrations. The prepared electrode showed satisfactory reusability data even after four successive measurements. From this study, GCE/PAni/Ag can be used to assay SCCs in petroleum samples.
... PANI/metal nanoparticles have been shown to possess enhanced sensing and catalytic properties compared to pure PANI. Especially, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have shown high electrical conductivity, enhanced electrocatalytic activity and unique optical properties, electrical nanodevices, and nanosensors [26][27][28]. Various physical and chemical methods have been used to incorporate AgNPs into polymer films; however, homogeneous dispersion into the polymer matrix is difficult due to suspension or dispersion of AgNPs [29,30]. ...
Single-pot synthesis of carboxymethylcellulose-protected silver nanoparticles (CMC@AgNPs) was investigated using aniline as a reducing agent. Polymer
matrix-embedded nanoparticles were synthesized by two different
experimental conditions, namely under reflux and at room temperature.
Similarly, a control experiment was carried out using polyvinylpyrrolidone as
stabilizing agent under identical experimental conditions. Resulting AgNPs
were isolated and characterized by UV–Vis, FT-IR, and SEM to identify
shape, size, and type of capping action. CMC-capped AgNPs were
octahedron-shaped whereas PVP-capped exhibited a core–shell kind of
capping similar to a nested protection of AgNPs. The electrochemical property
of the modified electrode was studied using electrochemical impedance
spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry. Electrochemical detection of Hg was
investigated using CMC@AgNPs/GCE with an enhanced peak current as
noted by DPASV method. Detection limit was found to be 0.19 nM, and its
linear ranges were between 5 and 75 μM based on signal-to-noise ratio (S/N =
3). The present system can be utilized for the determination of Hg in water
samples at low-concentration ranges.
... Usually, this decomposition represents a greater weight loss; however, the purification step decreases the quantity of oligomers and PANI doped into 5% of the composition of the polymer. Additionally, thermogravimetric analysis has been reported with a weight loss in the range of 10-30% [26,27]. The third degradation stage is associated with the decomposition of PANI. ...
... The incorporation of AgNPs into PANI matrix causes a small shift of the bands towards higher was also demonstrated in previous work by Singh, Tiwari and Pandey [27]. The bands located at 400 cm -1 in the PANI/AgNPs spectra correspond to the presence of silver in the sample. ...
... The incorporation of AgNPs into PANI matrix causes a small shift of the bands towards higher wavenumbers, and the intensity of the peaks decreases, indicating interaction PANI-Ag. This effect was also demonstrated in previous work by Singh, Tiwari and Pandey [27]. The bands located at 400 cm −1 in the PANI/AgNPs spectra correspond to the presence of silver in the sample. ...
In this work, polyaniline (PANI) is synthesized via oxidative polymerization of aniline and purified using organic solvents where the emeraldine phase is isolated by employing a phase separation system. The above contributes to the increase in the percentage yield compared to previous works and the possibility of being used as a single phase. In addition, the PANI/AgNPs composite is prepared in situ at the polymerization of aniline, adding silver nitrate and glycine to create the AgNPs inside the PANI matrix by controlling the pH, temperature, time of reaction and incorporating a new purification technique.
... To prepare PANI-Ag nanocomposites; 0, 5 and 10 ml of green Ag nanoparticles were mixed with aniline [26]. The mixtures were stirred with magnetic stirrers in ice water baths for 30 min to get a uniform suspension of the composite. ...
A facile synthesis of nanocomposite of polyaniline-silver nanoparticles (PANI-AgNP) has been studied here. The PANI-Ag nanocomposites were synthesized by in-situ polymerization of aniline using ammonium peroxydisulphate (APS) as oxidizing agent with varying concentration of Ag nanoparticles (0, 5 and 10 ml). AgNP were green synthesized separately using live cell filtrate of Aspergillus foetidus. The characterization of developed nanocomposite have been done by following XRD, FT-IR, FESEM, TGA and UV-Vis for their structure, surface morphology respectively. The analysis of XRD demonstrates that both PANI and nanocomposites is amorphous in nature and the possibility of interaction between PANI and AgNP is present as observed from FT-IR spectroscopy. The microstructural study of nanocomposites shows clustering of grains, changes in morphology with aggregation after incorporation of green AgNP in PANI. Various spectroscopic and microscopic techniques reveal that though structurally different the nanocomposites have same band gap as that of pure PANI with the composites having better thermal stability as compared to the PANI. The obtained results can be useful for further development of conducting polymer-green nanocomposite.
... For instance, Massoumi et al. [25] reported that PANI-silver nanocomposites synthesized 103 through in situ chemical polymerization of aniline in the presence of AgNPs showed electrocatalytic activity toward the oxidation of dopamine and tyrosine. Other authors 105 demonstrated a promising application of Ag-PANI nanocomposite synthesized via the photo- 106 polymerization process in the electrocatalytic hydrazine oxidation [26]. Besides, these 107 nanocomposites showed superior gas sensing capacity compared to pure PANI [28]. ...
A facile and fast aqueous phase-based strategy to synthesize silver-polyaniline-polyvinylpyrrolidone (Ag-PANI-PVP) nanocomposites, via chemical oxidative polymerization method is presented. In the presence of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), which has an accelerating effect on the oxidation of aniline with silver nitrate, Ag nanoparticles (AgNPs) were in situ generated in aqueous solution during simultaneous formation of polyaniline (PANI), without any additional reducing agent or complicated treatment. We have demonstrated synthesis of three stabile Ag-PANI-PVP nanocomposites with different content, size, and morphology of Ag nanoparticles by varying the experimental parameters, such as pH and PVP concentration. As a result, this led to different Ag nanostructures (spherical and polyhedral NPs), and, consequently, different morphology of formed nanocomposites (granular and nanosheets). The physicochemical properties of nanocomposites were examined by using different analytical techniques (UV–Vis, TEM, FESEM, FT-IR, XRD, and Raman). It is found that optical properties, electrical conductivity and the content of Ag in the composites vary depending on the synthetic conditions. The electrocatalytic behavior of Ag-PANI-PVP nanocomposites was examined towards the oxygen reduction reaction in acidic and alkaline media. All tested nanocomposites showed high electrocatalytic activity, while the most active catalyst is the one with the highest electrical conductivity (≈0.6 S cm⁻¹) and the lowest Ag content (3.4 wt%), synthesized in the solution without added acid. The simplicity of synthesis and good electrocatalytic efficiency of prepared nanocomposites combined with large-scale availability make them attractive as Pt-free electrocatalysts.
