Figure 8 - uploaded by Ritesh Kumar Keshri
Content may be subject to copyright.
Source publication
The global desire to reduce the vehicle emissions and improve fuel economy accelerated the development of Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV). The technology advancements in the area of electric drive systems, battery technologies, fuel cells and the internal combustion engine (ICE) resulted in highly efficient HEV. In this paper the hardware details of...
Context in source publication
Similar publications
![Vehicle parameters of 3 typical IC engine vehicles [1,2,12-14].](publication/356213802/figure/tbl1/AS:1091288896155648@1637194956791/Vehicle-parameters-of-3-typical-IC-engine-vehicles-1-2-12-14_Q320.jpg)
![Mass estimation of the electric drives [2].](publication/356213802/figure/tbl3/AS:1091288896147458@1637194956854/Mass-estimation-of-the-electric-drives-2_Q320.jpg)
Most commercially available hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) drivetrains are made of small internal combustion (IC) engines and large electric drives to improve fuel economy. They usually have higher cost than the conventional IC-engine-based vehicles because of the high costs of the electric drives. This paper proposes a hybridized powertrain compose...
Citations
... The possible problem might happen if the moving EV is encountered with the shaded area of sunlight resulting in the poor current generation and the surface of vehicle moving plays an important role as well [7]. A difficult terrain with the bumpy and rocky condition will give a struggling state to the motor drive system resulting in a nonlinear and wavy current pattern [8]. A wavy current pattern and sometimes spike occurrence due to sudden jerk at the drive system will result in the appearance of harmonic in the system and might be damaged or stall the motor in a long-term condition [9]. ...
... VSI required output filter to produce a pure output AC voltage supply. VSI found widely in renewable energy applications like tracking maximum power point tracking in photovoltaic applications [17], active power filter [18], hybrid vehicles [19] and industrial derives [20]. ...
Voltage source inverter (VSI) is commonly the core power of inverters employed in various industrial applications. However, it has a drawback of limited voltage because of bucking capability. The evolution of renewable energy sources especially PV and fuel cell applications as an alternative source of energy instead of conventional energy resources has attracted the attention to developing new power converters enhanced with boosting capability of input DC voltage and grid integration systems. Moreover, it must have the ability of power inversion from DC to AC and vice-versa to deliver and control the renewable harvested power to the grid.
... The employed VSI requires an output filter to produce a pure sinusoidal output voltage. Two-stage converters are widely used in renewable energy application like tracking maximum power point tracking in photovoltaic applications, 4-6 active power filter, 7 hybrid vehicles, 8 and industrial derives. 9 The transformer-less two-stage topology utilizes two dedicated control algorisms, one for boost converter and the other for VSI, consequently increasing the control systems complexity. ...
This paper presents a three-phase differential-mode buck-boost inverter based on two bi-directional Buck-Boost DC/DC converters and one Differential Power Processor (DPP) unit. The proposed topology is a single stage DC/AC converter offering bucking/boosting capability, with reduced hardware requirements compared with the conventional two-stage voltage source inverter. The proposed topology features simplified control methodology in addition to reduced size and cost of the hardware setup which makes it more suitable for grid tied renewable energy applications. A comparison between the presented configuration and other existing topologies in literature has been held to show the advantages and disadvantages of the proposed converter. The operation principles and control of the proposed topology are also illustrated. Simulation and experimental results are presented to verify the topology features. The results elucidate the viability of the proposed configuration alongside with the claimed merits. KEYWORDS: dc/dc buck-boost converter; dc/ac buck-boost inverter; three phase dc/ac inverter; three phase two leg inverter 2 NOMENCLATURE
... The application of three phase voltage source inverters recently could be found in many power system applications, such as three phase motor drives for industrial application and electrical cars [1] [2], renewable generation systems [3] [4], active filters and active rectifiers [5] [6]. ...
Three-phase voltage source inverters are widely used in various power system applications including industrial motor drives, renewable generation systems, active filter and active rectifiers. The main aim of this paper is to present the software design and implementation of a SPWM signal generator system for the three phase inverter with variable frequency-variable voltage magnitude output based on the low cost-high performance of 16 bit digital signal controller dsPIC30f4011. To achieve a fast execution time, all the arithmetic computations are designed and realized by using the fixed point arithmetic technique, whereas the sinusoidal wave value is precalculated and stored in 8-bit wide look up table. The experimental results show the effectiveness of the software realization.
... Traditionally, a front-end dc-dc boost converter is scheduled between the energy source and common DC bus to reduce the deviations at the common coupling point. The common DC bus voltage drives the voltage source inverter (VSI) associated to control the traction motor coupled vehicle drive system [5][6]. This two stage conversion increases the complexity and is not an optimal approach always. ...
Hybrid electric vehicles (HEV) have attained
a remarkable significance in automotive industry and
continuous research is carried on optimisation of HEV.
This paper attempts to enhance the performance of
HEV by employing new stepped DC link coupled
Quasi Z inverter. The proposed inverter aids efficient
source management and offers simplified power
conditioning circuitry for HEV. The hybrid topology
ensures continuous operation of the drive for varied
asymmetrical inputs and the self-boost nature lessens
the source requirements. The mitigated harmonics with
reduced stress on components, poses improved
efficiency of 4.87% and reduction in torque ripple by
1% as compared to its predecessor fed to HEV.
Simulated and experimental results using the designed
prototype validate the proposed theoretical model.
Furthermore, this paper analyses all the operating
states of the proposed module and the performance of
the integrated system is evaluated for various input
conditions. Loss calculation and efficiency Assessment
is performed to ascertain the advantages of the
proposed inverter with HEVs.
... i.e., HEV. When two or more than two different power sources are used to propel a vehicle, it is termed as HEV345. HEV has two energy sources, one is a mechanical source and the other is an electric source. ...
Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV) is a marriage
between mechanical engineering and electrical engineering giving
birth to a new automobile engineering. There is high demand for
HEV in the market because it mitigates air pollution and
increases fuel efficiency, moreover reduces the global warming.
Power electronics plays a vital role in HEV because voltagesource
inverter (VSI) controls the behaviour of traction motor.
Z-source inverter (ZSI) has improved performance and low total
harmonic distortion (THD). It also arrests shoot-through fault
and boosts battery voltage, thereby reduces extra weight of the
vehicle. In the proposed work, the operation of ZSI has been
elaborated. A LC network is connected in the input side of the
inverter called ZSI. Values of L and C have been calculated and
simulation has been done using simulink of MATLAB platform.
The voltage and current waveforms are plotted in order to
observe performance of converter.
Keyword: -Voltage Source Inverter, Z-Source Inverter, Total
Harmonic Distortion, Hybrid Electric Vehicle and Shoot-
Through State, Internal Combustion Engine.
Electric and hybrid electric vehicles (EV/HEV) are promising solutions for fossil fuel conservation and pollution reduction for a safe environment and sustainable transportation. The design of these energy-efficient powertrains requires optimization of components, systems, and controls. Controls entail battery management, fuel consumption, driver performance demand emissions, and management strategy. The hardware optimization entails powertrain architecture, transmission type, power electronic converters, and energy storage systems. In this overview, all these factors are addressed and reviewed. Major challenges and future technologies for EV/HEV are also discussed. Published suggestions and recommendations are surveyed and evaluated in this review. The outcomes of detailed studies are presented in tabular form to compare the strengths and weaknesses of various methods. Furthermore, issues in the current research are discussed, and suggestions toward further advancement of the technology are offered. This article analyzes current research and suggests challenges and scope of future research in EV/HEV and can serve as a reference for those working in this field.
Electric vehicle (EV) has become the green transportation tool for the twenty-first century due to rise in pollution level all across the world. Due to environmental concerns and growing price of gasoline and other fuels required for transportation, there is a need of EV which will curb the emission of harmful pollutants in the atmosphere. Therefore, the automobile industries have started to take necessary steps for the same, thus giving rise to EV in the society. EV is a highly researchable topic and has gained immense attention in past few years. This paper briefly introduces the electric vehicle including its types, components, and the concerned economics. It also discusses about the interaction of EV with the grid and the optimization objectives that the EV industry is focusing upon. This paper also states the challenges that the optimization techniques might face while integrating EV with the grid.
