Fig 2 - uploaded by D. S. Aristov
Content may be subject to copyright.
Permoshurabia argentina sp. nov., holotype IANIGLA-PI N° 1029: A, photograph of part; B, photograph of counterpart. Scale bars = 5 mm.
Source publication
Lara, M.B. & Aristov, D., August 2016. First records of Geinitziidae (Insecta: Grylloblattida) from the Upper Triassic of Argentina (Mendoza). Alcheringa 41, xxx–xxx. ISSN 0311-5518
A new grylloblattid (Permoshurabia argentina sp. nov.: Geinitziidae) is described and illustrated from the Upper Triassic of Argentina. The material represents the firs...
Similar publications
The fauna of chewing lice (Insecta: Phthiraptera) from migratory birds was studied in 2008–2009 and 2017 on the Curonian Spit, at Rybachy Biological Station of the Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences. Altogether, 35 species of chewing lice were collected off 2010 birds of 65 species. An annotated list of species is presented, includin...
Citations
... During the last 10 yr, we conducted research in these areas, with a special emphasis on the lesser-explored outcrops at the Quebrada del Durazno, where we were able to gather a delicately preserved biota, comprising to date more than 1500 slabs with abundant plant specimens, 500 fossils of insects, and various fish remains. Among the recently recovered materials are several species new to science, some of which have already been published or are currently under study (e.g., Lara et al. 2015Lara et al. , 2023Lara and Aristov 2017;Cariglino et al. 2020Cariglino et al. , 2022Lara and Bashkuev 2020). This highlights that even in substantially researched areas, thorough and systematic sampling efforts will keep uncovering new species, even if it requires additional time and dedication. ...
... (Lara & Lukashevich, 2013;Lara et al., , 2015Lara et al., , 2019aLara et al., , 2019bLara et al., , 2023Lara, 2016;Lara & Aristov, 2016;Lara & Wang, 2016;Lara & Bashkuev, 2020;Cariglino et al., 2021). Besides the numerous first taxonomic mentions of insect taxa at various levels (i.e., Order, Family, Genus and species) for South America, among some of the most remarkable findings are the largest collection of scytinopterid hemipterans (Lara, 2016;Wang et al., 2018;Lara et al., 2022Lara et al., , 2023; insect nymphs and larvae (Lara et al., 2019b); the earliest dipterans (Hennigmatidae, Lara & Lukashevich, 2013) and hymenopterans (Xyelidae, ; the first record of Eoscarterellidae (Hemiptera), which supports a Gondwanan origin for the family (Lara & Wang, 2016); the first record of adult grylloblattids (Geinitziidae, Lara & Aristov, 2017); and the earliest record of fossil insect oothecae (Dictyoptera) (Cariglino et al., 2020). ...
A state of the art of the insects collected and described from different Permian and Triassic units in South America is given, accompanied by their brief historical record (e.g., collectors, taxonomic revision) and new high-quality photos in color. Likewise, we succinctly provide data on the paleodiversity and paleoecology of the entomological assemblages from the different units. Finally, we discuss the South American paleoentomological records in relation to equivalent deposits worldwide. The thorough, updated review of fossil insect faunas in this paper will help settling the bases for future taxonomic, diversity and ecological studies during a time that comprised the evolutionary history of insects through two key episodes of the geological record: the end-Permian mass extinction (EPME, ⁓252 Ma) and the Carnian Pluvial Event (CPE, ⁓234–232 Ma).
... Despite this decline, Triassic Grylloblattida have been recorded from many localities, from the Lower Triassic of China (Lin, 1978;Zhang et al., 2022), Germany (van Eldijk et al., 2017), Mongolia (Aristov, 2005), and Russia (Martynov, 1936;Aristov, 2003Aristov, , 2004Aristov, , 2005Aristov, , 2011; from the Early or Middle Triassic of Spain (Aristov & Zessin, 2009); from the Middle Triassic of China (Lin, 1978;Zhang et al., 2022), France , Germany (Ansorge & Brauckmann, 2008), Poland (Aristov et al., 2013) and Russia (Aristov, 2011); from the Middle to Upper Triassic of Kyrgyz Republic (Storozhenko, 1992a(Storozhenko, , 1994(Storozhenko, , 1996(Storozhenko, , 1998Aristov, 2022a); and from the Upper Triassic of Argentina (Marquat, 1991;Lara & Aristov, 2017), Australia (Riek, 1955; and see Rasnitsyn, 1982), Japan (Fujiyama, 1973;and see Aristov et al., 2009), Kazakhstan (Aristov, 2005), South Africa (Riek, 1976;, South Korea (Jouault et al., 2022) and Ukraine (Aristov, 2005(Aristov, , 2022a. Mesozoic Grylloblattida mainly belong to the family Geinitziidae. ...
A new species of Grylloblattida, Ideliopsina aristovi sp. nov., is described from the Upper Triassic Ominé locality (Momonoki Formation, Mine Group, Japan). It belongs to a typical Triassic genus, Ideliopsina Storozhenko, 1996, which species have been previously reported from the Kyrgyz Republic and the Kazakhstan in Central Asia. The new species shows that the corresponding family, the Ideliidae ranging from the Cisuralian to the Late Triassic, remained widely distributed during the latter period, before its extinction.
... As mentioned in Lara et al. ( , 2021Lara et al. ( , 2022 and Lara & Bashkuev (2020), the frequency of these types of elements is probably associated to the robust and flexible exoskeleton (forewings), increasing their preservation potential in the fossil record. The remaining fossil insects, in abundance order, include membranous forewings of odonatans, mecopterans (Permochoristidae, Parachoristidae), orthopterans (Haglidae), dipterans (Hennigmatidae), grylloblattids (Geinitziidae), plecopterans, neuropterans, miomopterans, and elytra of beetles (Martins-Neto et al., 2008;Lara & Lukashevich, 2013;Lara et al., 2015Lara et al., , 2022Lara, 2016;Lara & Aristov, 2017;Lara & Wang, 2016;Lara & Bashkuev, 2020). ...
... A rich array of fossils has been studied from the Potrerillos and Cacheuta formations outcropping south of Cerro Cacheuta region, southernmost end of the Precordillera (Mendoza Province). These include well-known plant assemblages (Morel, 1994;Morel et al., 2010Morel et al., , 2011Bodnar et al., 2020;Cariglino et al., 2021), palynofloras Zavattieri & Prámparo, 2006), insect remains (Martins-Neto & Gallego, 1999;Martins-Neto et al., 2003, 2008Martins-Neto & Gallego, 2006;Martins-Neto et al., 2008;Gallego et al., 2011;Lara & Lukashevich, 2013;Lara et al., 2015;Lara, 2016;Lara & Wang, 2016;Lara & Aristov, 2017;Lara et al., , 2022Lara & Bashkuev, 2020), plant-insect interactions Cariglino et al., 2021, fish remains (cf. Neochallaia sp.), and spinicaudatan carapaces of Eustheria forbesi (Gallego, 1999;Tassi, 2016). ...
A new scytinopterid (Hemiptera: Cicadomorpha), Duraznoscytinum aristovi gen. et sp. nov., is described. The specimen was recovered from the upper section of the Potrerillos Formation (Upper Triassic) at the Quebrada del Durazno locality, south of the Cerro Cacheuta, Cuyana Basin, in Mendoza, Argentina. This represents the first record of a complete forewing (tegminous + clavus) of a scytinopterid for the Triassic of South America. Additionally, we briefly discuss the Triassic scytinopterid distribution worldwide, and provide preliminary morphological differences observed between the taxa recorded in the Southern Hemisphere. The new fossil described herein contributes to the knowledge on the hemipterofauna diversity present at the south of the Cerro Cacheuta area during Early Mesozoic times.
... The fossil representatives of the 'Grylloblattodea' including the Reculida span from late Carboniferous to mid-Cretaceous with numerous species known from the Permian and Triassic epochs (Cawood et al., 2022). Similarly, they are worldwide known -even in Gondwanan deposits (Lara and Aristov, 2017), which are often poorly documented -suggesting that they could be used to investigate the impact of at least three extinctions events: the end-Permian mass extinction, the Triassic-Jurassic extinction, and the Toarcian anoxic event (Zhang et al., 2022). However, before proposing hypotheses on the potential impact of these extinctions on the 'Grylloblattodea' and the Reculida in particular, it is necessary to clarify their systematic. ...
... The configuration of the ScP, i.e., short and slightly s-shaped, differs between the new fossil and Permoshurabia. In fact, ScP is nearly straight and not s-shaped in Permoshurabia (Aristov, 2009;Lara and Aristov, 2017). Additionally, the new fossil further differs from this genus owing to its RP with five branches (vs. ...
Shurabia taewani sp. nov., is the first representative of the reculid family Geinitziidae described from the Upper Triassic of South Korea. The preservation of numerous wing venation characters on this new fossil allows for its placement in the genus Shurabia and a deep comparison with other genera of Geinitziidae. This discovery suggests that the insect paleofauna of the Amisan Formation is rich and needs to be further investigated. Shurabia taewani sp. nov. differs from the other species currently included in the genus, inter alia, because its vein ScP ends near wing mid-length, its fork of M is at the same level as the fork of R, its RP has five branches, its MA four branches, its MP two branches, and its vein m-cua ‘M5′ originates from the stem of M and ends into CuA.
... Previous contributions described taxa from the Blattoptera, Orthoptera, Odonatoptera, Grylloblattida, Miomoptera, Coleoptera, Hemiptera and Plecoptera (e.g., Martins-Neto and Gallego, 1999;Martins-Neto et al., 2003. However, the list of taxa continues to increase as the numerous fossils collected in recent years at different localities, are studied and identified (currently under study by M.B.L, see Lara, 2016;Lara and Aristov, 2017;Lara and Baskhuev, 2020;. ...
We describe two ichnotaxa —Cuniculonomus parallelus Givulescu emend. Robledo et al. and Foliomacula diffussus ichnogen. et ichnosp. nov.— of insect leaf mines from the Late Triassic of Mendoza, Argentina. The specimens, from the Potrerillos Formation at the Quebrada del Durazno locality, consist of a linear mine on a Yabeiella leaf, and a blotch mine on a Heidiphyllum leaf. The earliest convincing records of leaf mining are all linear mines, dating back to the middle-late Triassic, with the first blotch mines appearing from the Cretaceous onwards. The discovery presented here therefore represents the earliest record of a blotch mine, and demonstrates that strategies of endophytic herbivory diversified considerably earlier than previously thought. The abundant associated paleoentomological fauna from the locality provides a rare opportunity to consider possible producers of these interactions. A definitive identification of the miners however, remains highly speculative, partly due to the paucity of direct analogues of insect lineages with leaf mining larvae this early in the fossil record. The exceptional abundance and quality of fossil preservation of both plants and associated insects at the Quebrada del Durazno locality also provides an opportunity to re-evaluate plant host diversity and possible adaptations to mitigate insect herbivory. The insect mine on Yabeiella is the first, and to date only, record of this type of interaction on a gnetalean host. We consider the presence of dense pubescence on Yabeiella and its affiliated Fraxinopsis seeds, as a potential passive defense mechanism against insect herbivory rather than as an adaptation to environmental conditions.
... The most common Geinitziidae genera, Geinitzia and Shurabia, known from the Paleozoic, were also common in the Mesozoic Cui et al., 2012;Storozhenko, 1998). The Permian genus Permoshurabia in the Mesozoic is known only from one finding of a Triassic insect (Lara and Aristov, 2017). In the Mesozoic, these three genera are joined by three endemic genera, the Triassic Fletchizia Riek, 1976 and the Jurassic Prosepididontus Handlirsch, 1920and Sinosepididontus Huang et Nel, 2008(Cui et al., 2012. ...
New members of the family Geinitziidae (Insecta; Reculida) are described from the Permian and Triassic of Eurasia: Permoshurabia sukhonica sp. nov. from the Isady locality (Upper Permian of Russia, Severodvinian Stage), Shurabia minutissima sp. nov., Geinitziella rasnitsyni gen. et sp. nov. from the Madygen locality (Middle-Upper Triassic of Kyrgyzstan, Ladinian-Carnian Stage), and Shurabia izyumica sp. nov. from the Garazhovka locality (Upper Triassic of Ukraine, Norian Stage). Variations in the composition of Geinitziidae at the Permian-Triassic boundary are discussed.
... The lower Upper Triassic Potrerillos Formation (Cuyana Basin, Mendoza Province) exhibits one of the best plant assemblages known in southwestern Gondwana, regarding both the quality and quantity of its fossil plants (Zamuner et al., 2001;Artabe et al., 2007 and references therein). Moreover, in recent years numerous exquisitely preserved insects have been recovered in different outcrops from this unit (Lara, 2016;Lara et al., 2012Lara et al., , 2014Lara et al., , 2015Lara and Lukashevich, 2013;Lara and Wang, 2016;Lara and Aristov, 2017;Lara and Baskhuev, 2020;Cariglino et al., 2020a), providing further insights about the biotic interactions between plants and arthropods . In decreasing order of commonness, the flora from the Potrerillos Formation comprises umkomasialean seed ferns, ginkgoaleans, gnetaleans, voltzialean conifers, cycadaleans, peltasperms, ferns and sphenophytes ( Fig. 5.1-5.12). ...
Plant-insect interactions are among the most common biotic relationships, both in diversity and abundance. The fossil record reflects these associations as damage traces on the leaves, stems or seeds, allowing researchers to identify the type of interaction and infer about its insect producer. Here, we present an update of the current knowledge of Permian and Triassic floras with evidence of plant-insect interactions from southwestern Gondwana and list other numerous units with high potential for plant-insect interaction analyses. When present, we also add information about the associated paleoentomofaunas, as they offer a unique opportunity for inferences about the producers of the damage. The Permian–Triassic time interval is of major interest due to salient biotic and abiotic events of regional and global significance. Therefore, we discuss the main abiotic factors that could have acted as key drivers controlling the interactions between plants and insects. With this contribution we hope to inspire other researchers to consider looking for evidence of arthropod damage in fossil floras and thus adding valuable knowledge for understanding the dynamics of ancient ecosystems.
... Numerous fossils insect reported in Triassic continental sediments places Argentina as the main paleoentomological region of South America and one of the most important from southwestern Gondwana (Lara, 2016;Lara et al., 2017). The significant paleoentomological richness of the Argentinian basins include thousands of specimens of insects classified into 12 orders and 91 species, comprising fragmentary and occasionally articulated specimens preserved as impressions/compressions of wings, and parts or complete bodies, attributable mainly to blattids, beetles, and hemipterans, and in less proportion to orthopterans, mecopterans, miomopterans, grylloblattids, plecopterans, dipterans, hymenopterans, odonatans and glosselytrodeans (Martins--Neto and Gallego, 1999Gallego, , 2001Gallego, , 2006Gallego, , 2009Martins-Neto et al., 2003, 2005, 2006a, 2006bGallego et al., 2011;Lara, 2016;Lara and Lukashevich, 2013;Lara and Wang, 2016;Lara and Aristov, 2016;Lara and Bashkuev, 2020;Lara et al., 2012Lara et al., , 2014Lara et al., , 2015Lara et al., , 2017Bustos-Escalona, 2020). All these insect remains have been collected in the Los Rastros Formation (Carnian), Ischigualasto Villa-Unión Basin (La Rioja Province), Potrerillos Formation (Carnian), Cuyana Basin, and Llantenes Formation (Norian), Malargüe Basin (Mendoza Province) (Lara, 2016;Bustos-Escalona, 2020). ...
Two new hemipteran taxa are described: Dysmorphoptiloides losrastrosensis sp. nov. and Gualoscarta obscura gen. et sp. nov. (Auchenorryncha: Dysmorphoptilidae). Likewise, we report the first specimen of a corixid (Heteroptera: Nepomorpha) from the Triassic of Gondwana. The fossil material studied in this paper comes from the Gualo locality, the Carnian Los Rastros Formation, Ischigualasto-Villa Unión Basin, La Rioja Province, Argentina. From new available material, we present a new forewing reconstruction of Saaloscytina carmonae Martins-Neto et al., 2006a and discuss its taxonomic position. As an additionally contribution, three additional genera from the Los Rastros Formation are revised: Gualoscytina Martins-Neto and Gallego, 2003, Argentinopheloscyta Martins-Neto and Gallego, 2003, and Australocicada Martins-Neto and Gallego, 2001 are synonymized to Apheloscyta Tillyard, 1922 (Apheloscyta mayae comb. nov.), Mesoscytina Tillyard, 1919 (Mesoscytina forsterae comb. nov.), and Fulgobole Shcherbakov, 2011 (Fulgobole arcucciae comb. nov.), respectively. Finally, the authors discuss the paleobiological and paleogeographical implications of this new material from the Triassic of Gondwana.
... For many years, the fossil record of Grylloblattodea in Argentina consisted of a single aquatic nymph recovered from the Potrerillos Formation (Marquat, 1991), which was later postulated to be similar to a stonefly (Aristov et al., 2006). More recently, the first confident record of Grylloblattodea was described from the uppermost levels of the Potrerillos Formation, near the Quebrada del Durazno locality (Lara & Aristov, 2016). Based on the forewing of an adult specimen, † Permoshurabia argentina Lara and Aristov was assigned to the extinct Geinitziidae, a family widely distributed during the Triassic, with representatives similar in appearance to extant cockroaches (Lara & Aristov, 2016). ...
... More recently, the first confident record of Grylloblattodea was described from the uppermost levels of the Potrerillos Formation, near the Quebrada del Durazno locality (Lara & Aristov, 2016). Based on the forewing of an adult specimen, † Permoshurabia argentina Lara and Aristov was assigned to the extinct Geinitziidae, a family widely distributed during the Triassic, with representatives similar in appearance to extant cockroaches (Lara & Aristov, 2016). The current lack of knowledge about the reproductive biology of extinct members of this group precludes any useful clues as to the potential owner of these oothecae, but considering extant grylloblattids lay single, ellipsoidal eggs (Matsuzaki et al., 1982;Wipfler et al., 2014), we consider † Permoshurabia argentina to be an improbable candidate. ...
Although dissimilar in their overall appearance and life habits, the praying mantises (Mantodea) and cockroaches (Blattodea, including their eusocial relatives, the termites [Isoptera]) are grouped within the clade Dictyoptera, based on-among other significant characteristics-the laying of eggs in a compound structure called an ootheca. The origin of the Dictyoptera and the currently recognized taxa within is, however, a controversial topic among entomologists. This has resulted from disparities in the divergence age estimates obtained from phylogenetic analyses based on molecular data together with the limited and controversial fossil evidence attributable to these groups. Here, we report two new oothecae ichnospecies found in a Carnian (237 to 227 mya. lowermost Upper Triassic) deposit from Argentina. Morphological comparisons and Scanning Electron Microscope and X-ray Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy analyses of fossil and extant oothecae of mantises and cockroaches were performed in an attempt to solve their systematic placement within Dictyoptera and fossil allies, such as †Alienoptera. In addition to being the earliest known record of oothecae, this discovery moves the origin of this specialized reproductive strategy back by 100 million years. As direct fossil evidence, these specimens provide an important calibration and reference point that can inform future research on the origins and timing of diversification of the Dictyoptera.
