Peltigericolous lichens: A-habit of Bacidina chloroticula (E. Hernik 17); B-habit of Placynthiella dasaea (E. Hernik 11); C-habit of anamorphic stage of Scutula sp. (E. Hernik 2); D-pycnidial section of Scutula sp. and its Peltigera host (E. Hernik 2); E-mesoconidia of Scutula sp. (E. Hernik 2); F-habit of Steinia geophana (E. Hernik 6); G-apothecial section of S. geophana and its Peltigera host (the apothecium surrounded by goniocysts of Vezdaea retigera) (E. Hernik 6); H-habit of Thelocarpon epibolum (E. Hernik 4); I-habit of Vezdaea aestivalis (E. Hernik 5). Scale bars: A, B, C, F, H, I-1 mm; D, G-100 mm; E-10 mm.

Contexts in source publication

Context 1

... chloroticula (Nyl.) Vzda et Poelt (Fig. 3 ...

Context 2

... the above mentioned species depending on their individual ontogeny. For B. chloroticula the wide lumina of excipular hyphae resulting in the entirely paraplectenchy- matic excipulum are the main diagnostic characters, and, based on this feature, it has been determined here despite the distinct orange apothecia resembling B. delicata instead (see Fig. 3 A). Peltigericolous B. chloroticula has already been recorded once in Poland by MI€DLIKOWSKA (1999), but on other substrates (plant debris, wood, natural and artificial rocks, sometimes bark of trees and roots) it is commonly reported in Europe, and known also in North America and Asia Placynthiella dasaea (Stirt.) Tønsberg (Fig. 3 B). ...

Context 3

... instead (see Fig. 3 A). Peltigericolous B. chloroticula has already been recorded once in Poland by MI€DLIKOWSKA (1999), but on other substrates (plant debris, wood, natural and artificial rocks, sometimes bark of trees and roots) it is commonly reported in Europe, and known also in North America and Asia Placynthiella dasaea (Stirt.) Tønsberg (Fig. 3 B). This is a commonly widespread species in the northern hemisphere growing lignicolous, corticolous or rarely terricolous (HITCH and PURVIS 2009), but only sometimes inhabiting thalli of Peltigera. P. dasaea usually grows as a sterile crust forming a granular, green to brown thallus fleetingly reacting C+ red due to the gyrophoric acid. ...

Context 4

... corticolous or rarely terricolous (HITCH and PURVIS 2009), but only sometimes inhabiting thalli of Peltigera. P. dasaea usually grows as a sterile crust forming a granular, green to brown thallus fleetingly reacting C+ red due to the gyrophoric acid. For more taxonomic details and affinities to other taxa see TØNSBERG (1992). Scutula sp. (Figs. 3 ...

Context 5

... Poland on Peltigera didactyla by M. Kukwa (CZYòEWSKA and KUKWA 2009), who gave a brief description without any nomenclatural innovation. Our lichenized specimens have well developed, slightly warted, pale green thalli and more or less immersed, obpyriform pycnidia of 120-170 mm width, producing ovoid to almost globose conidia, (3-)3.5-4 × 4-5 mm (Fig. 3 C-E). Upper external parts of pycnidia are slightly brownish with distinctly pale collar around the ostiolum, but usually pycnidia are wide open and concave showing the pale conidial mass and excipulum (Fig. 3 D). Then they look like pycnidia strongly damaged by snails. Scutula sp. was found in the company of other peltigericolous ...

Context 6

... thalli and more or less immersed, obpyriform pycnidia of 120-170 mm width, producing ovoid to almost globose conidia, (3-)3.5-4 × 4-5 mm (Fig. 3 C-E). Upper external parts of pycnidia are slightly brownish with distinctly pale collar around the ostiolum, but usually pycnidia are wide open and concave showing the pale conidial mass and excipulum (Fig. 3 D). Then they look like pycnidia strongly damaged by snails. Scutula sp. was found in the company of other peltigericolous lichen-forming fungi: Steinia geophana and Vezdaea ...

Context 7

... geophana (Nyl.) Stein (Figs. 3 ...

Context 8

... In the cases included here, besides the more or less moribund thalli of some Peltigera, S. geophana was found also on other substrates such as a humus, plant debris or soil. However, inhabiting Peltigera this lichenized fungus probably plays the role of an additional component (together with its photobiont) in occasional four-biont symbioses (Fig. 3 G). This relationship may have a parasitic character and finally, S. geophana can grow on a dead thallus of Peltigera. S. geophana mostly resembles some black-coloured species of Micarea, for example M. deminuta and M. contexta, by its immar- ginate strongly convex apothecia and a membrane-like, often inconspicuous thallus. This species ...

Context 9

... finally, S. geophana can grow on a dead thallus of Peltigera. S. geophana mostly resembles some black-coloured species of Micarea, for example M. deminuta and M. contexta, by its immar- ginate strongly convex apothecia and a membrane-like, often inconspicuous thallus. This species develops, however, 16-spored asci with almost globose ascospores (Fig. 3 G), while members of Micarea are permanently 8-spored. For detailed description of S. geophana see FLETCHER et al. ...

Context 10

... epibolum Nyl. (Fig. 3 ...

Context 11

... under the name T. epibolum elsewhere, but due to the lack of molecular support to confirm deli- mitation of the new taxon, this name is used here. Examined specimens produce ascospores 4-6 × 2-2.5 mm, thus they correspond to the type of T. epibolum Nyl. var. epibolum (KOCOURKOVÁ 2000). Vezdaea aestivalis (Ohlert) Tscherm.-Woess et Poelt (Fig. 3 ...