Paring-and-burning (« classical écobuage ») as it was practiced in Europe up to the early 20th century. Reproduction of Figures 1 and 2 in Portères (1972), showing the different kinds of oven-like structures formed (his Fig. 1). His Fig. 2a shows mounds of sods and vegetation in a field prepared for ignition; Fig. 2c shows the profile of a mound before combustion, depicting vegetation covered by soil.; and Fig. 2e shows profiles of mounds after slow combustion.

Contexts in source publication

Context 1

... are usually turned over (grass side down), but never shaken, so that the soil remains attached to the roots. (iii) The dried sods are arranged into loosely packed mounds, up to 1 m high, to form a veritable oven, often with an opening in the top or side that can be partially blocked, or further opened, to regulate air circulation and thereby the conditions of the burn (Figure 1). (iv) The ovens are ignited and undergo a slow and incomplete burn over several days. ...

Context 2

... soil is heaped into ridges for drying and burning, rather than into mounds (RP, Cabot 1965, Grangeret-Owona 1997, Nzila 2017. : Paring-and-burning (« classical écobuage ») as it was practiced in Europe up to the early 20th century. Reproduction of Figures 1 and 2 in Portères (1972), showing the different kinds of oven-like structures formed (his Fig. 1). His Fig. 2a shows mounds of sods and vegetation in a field prepared for ignition; Fig. 2c shows the profile of a mound before combustion, depicting vegetation covered by soil.; and Fig. 2e shows profiles of mounds after slow combustion. 12 Paring-and-burning is practiced on a rotational basis. The duration of periods of cultivation ...