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Parameters and fatty acid composition of milk from cows fed RPOF supplement containing higher proportions of DHA in trial 1.
Source publication
The aim of the research is to assess the transfer of docosahexaenoic (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic (EPA) into cow's milk following supplementation with rumen protected fat supplements (rumen protected omega fat, RPOF). In pasture based and in feed‐lot management systems the transfer of DHA and EPA is 19–20% following supplementation with equal proport...
Contexts in source publication
Context 1
... trials 2 and 3, RPOF had a fat content of 22-23% with equal levels of DHA and EPA. Amounts consumed are in footnotes to Tables 4-6. c-cis, t-trans. ...Context 2
... a high DHA-RPOF supplement increased the concentration of DHA and EPA from non-detectable levels in control milk (day 0) to 1% and 0.50% of the total fatty acids (p < 0.05) on day 60 respectively ( Table 4). The transfer of DHA into milk ranged from 25% to 32% and the EPA transfer was >47%. ...Context 3
... transfer of DHA into milk ranged from 25% to 32% and the EPA transfer was >47%. There was also significant decrease in palmitic C16:0 (p < 0.05) compared to the control values on day 0 and a significant increase in the C18:0, C18:1cis, C18:1trans, C18:2, and C18:3 fatty acids (p < 0.05) (Table 4). There was no change in milk yield, fat%, and protein% compared to the control. ...Context 4
... N-6/N-3 ratio in milk fat from cows grazing pasture in the present study is around 2-3:1 because some of the predominant dietary fatty acid ALA escapes ruminal biohydrogenation. Hence, this ratio is much lower than the ratio of 8:1 observed in lot fed animals [37,38] (see Tables 4-6). In the present study the feeding of DHA/EPA enriched RPOF decreased the N-6/N-3 ratio in milk of lot fed cows to about 3:1 and in milk of pasture-based cows to 1.7:1. ...Context 5
... Currently, DPA is not included in the dietary recommendations because there is insufficient evidence to define the nutritional and functional role in humans. [1] The total DHA + EPA omega-3 content, in all three trials in Australia and Korea was >60 mg/250 mL serve of milk (Tables 4- 6), which meets the criteria for a good source of these omega-3 fatty acids. [3] Dairy foods containing enhanced levels of DHA and EPA provide consumers the opportunity to increase their daily intake of these fatty acids and this is beneficial for improving health and preventing disease. ...Citations
... The findings of this investigation suggest that supplementation of UFA and/or PUFA sources can improve fatty acid profile and reduce the negative effects of biohydrogenation in the rumen. Another study conducted by Gulati et al. [30] also found that a transfer of 19-20% of EPA and DHA into milk is achievable from feed management, whether they are raised on pasture or fed with a diet high in inert fat supplements in the rumen. By adjusting the ratios of EPA and DHA within the fat supplement, it is feasible to generate milk that caters to diverse consumer preferences and meet the standards of a source of omega-3 fatty acids. ...
Fat supplementation in the ration has a negative impact on rumen microbes and the biohydrogenation of fats. Meanwhile, the effectiveness of post-rumen nutrients may be decreased if high-protein diet is excessively broken down in the rumen. The protection of both fat and protein may help address fat-related issues in the rumen and enhance protein absorption in the intestine. The goal of this study was to examine the fatty acid composition of rumen fluid made with a blend of fat, protein, and Agromix® mineral premix that had been formaldehyde-protected. Two treatments were compared using an independent sample T-test (R1/control = basal diet, and R2 = basal diet with 4.4% DM replacement of protected fat-protein). All treatments were subjected to a 48-hour incubation using Tilley and Terry’s in vitro technique. The results indicated that the levels of SFA in R2 treatment showed a significant decrease ( p < 0.05 ), while the concentrations of MUFA and PUFA in R2 exhibited a more significant increase ( p < 0.05 ) compared to those in R1. It can be concluded that protected fat substitution can reduce biohydrogenation of fat in the rumen, thereby helping elevate the levels of absorbable unsaturated fatty acid levels in the intestine.
... The transfer of EPA and DHA to milk is in agreement with Capper et al. [29]. It was reported that EPA and DHA were transferred into milk at rates between 6.8% and 8.1% of dietary intake [47], and, also, there are references that transfer 10% for EPA and 17% for DHA in ewes fed FO [29]. In the present study, the increase in CLA (cis-9, trans-11) led to an increase in 18:1 trans in milk fat, induced by 18:1 trans which is mainly endogenously produced by the mammary desaturation of 18:1 trans by stearoyl-CoA desaturase enzyme [41], and by inhibition of 18:1 trans biohydrogenation in the rumen [38]. ...
Simple Summary
Pregnancy is a critical period in the life cycle of mammals, and proper nutrition plays a pivotal role in the development and health of the offspring. In recent years, there has been a growing interest in the potential benefits of supplementing maternal diets with fish oil, rich in omega-3 fatty acids, during pregnancy. This paper explores the effects of incorporating fish oil into the diet of pregnant ewes on the dams and the development and well-being of lambs.
Abstract
The primary aim of this research was to assess the impact of supplementing fish oil into the diet of pregnant Awassi ewes on various aspects of the dam’s productive performance, offspring birth weight, colostrum yield and quality, milk production and composition, postpartum offspring performance, and the composition of fatty acids in milk. In this study, two different fat sources, namely palm oil (PO) and fish oil (FO), were utilized, with both being included at a rate of 2.4% of dietary dry matter (DM) during the initial 65 days of gestation (early gestation stage), and then at 2.1% DM from day 65 of gestation until lambing (late gestation stage). The study subjects were Awassi ewes with a body weight (BW) averaging 57 ± 1.5 kg and an age of 3.5 ± 1.2 years. These ewes were randomly assigned to one of four dietary treatments: (i) a diet containing only palm oil from day 0 to day 150 of pregnancy (PO, n = 15); (ii) a diet containing palm oil from day 0 to day 65 of pregnancy, followed by a diet containing fish oil from day 66 to day 150 of pregnancy (POFO, n = 16); (iii) a diet containing fish oil from day 0 to day 65 of pregnancy, followed by a diet containing palm oil from day 66 to day 150 of pregnancy (FOPO, n = 16); (iv) a diet containing only fish oil from day 0 to day 150 of pregnancy (FO, n = 16). Within each treatment, ewes were housed in three replicates, with each replicate further divided into three subgroups. The first two subgroups each contained eight ewes, while the third subgroup contained nine ewes. In addition, each treatment contained 10 primiparous and 15 multiparous ewes. The results indicated that the POFO treatment led to significant increases (p < 0.05) in birth weight, gestation length, and colostrum IgG concentration. However, it also resulted in a decrease (p < 0.001) in colostrum production and a reduction (p < 0.001) in the percentage of milk fat and milk protein. Furthermore, the milk from the POFO treatment exhibited higher levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) (p < 0.001) compared to the PO and FOPO treatments, while the milk saturated fatty acids (SFA) were lower (p < 0.001). In conclusion, the addition of fish oil at a rate of 2.1% DM during the late pregnancy period showed promise for enhancing birth weight, colostrum IgG concentration, and the PUFA content in the milk.
