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A numerical analysis of specific absorption rate (SAR) and temperature distributions in a realistic human head model is presented in this study. The key challenge is to rise cancer temperature to an optimal temperature without heating nearby healthy tissues. The model's uniqueness is that it captures the effect of nanoparticles on both brain cancer...
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When early lateral spread response (LSR) loss before decompression in HFS surgery happens, the value of intraoperative monitoring of LSR for locating neurovascular conflicts and confirming adequate decompression was considered to be reduced. This study aimed to identify preoperative parameters predicting early LSR loss and figure out the impact of...
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... Cancer is a serious threat to human health all over the world due to its concealment and recurrence and the difficulty of early diagnosis affects the prognosis of patients [1,2]. According to statistics, the number of new cancer cases and deaths in the world in 2020 were 19.29 million and 9.96 million, respectively, while the number of new cancer cases and deaths in China were 4.57 million and 3 million, respectively [3]. ...
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are transcripts that contain more than 200 nucleotides. Despite their inability to code proteins, multiple studies have identified their important role in human cancer through different mechanisms. LncRNA lysyl oxidase like 1 antisense RNA 1 (LOXL1-AS1), a newly discovered lncRNA located on human chromosome 15q24.1, has recently been shown to be involved in the occurrence and progression of various malignancies, such as colorectal cancer, gastric cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, prostate cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, ovarian cancer, cervical cancer, breast cancer, glioma, thymic carcinoma, pancreatic carcinoma. LOXL1-AS1 acts as competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) and via sponging various miRNAs, including miR-374b-5p, miR-21, miR-423-5p, miR-589-5p, miR-28-5p, miR-324-3p, miR-708-5p, miR-143-3p, miR-18b-5p, miR-761, miR-525-5p, miR-541-3p, miR-let-7a-5p, miR-3128, miR-3614-5p, miR-377-3p and miR-1224-5p to promote tumor cell proliferation, invasion, migration, apoptosis, cell cycle, and epithelial–mesenchymal transformation (EMT). In addition, LOXL1-AS1 is involved in the regulation of P13K/AKT and MAPK signaling pathways. This article reviews the current understanding of the biological function and clinical significance of LOXL1-AS1 in human cancers. These findings suggest that LOXL1-AS1 may be both a reliable biomarker and a potential therapeutic target for cancers.
... The difficulties posed by using harmful chemical reagents may be resolved by the synthesis of AgNPs using phyto molecules. Other than silver, several metal nanoparticles have been used for synthesizing nanoparticles which are used in different cancers to prove their efficacy in chemotherapeutics as well as immunotherapy [51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][65][66][67][68][69][70]. Apart from metal nanoparticles, synthesis of photonic nanoparticles has also been tremendously increased in the recent years for cancer therapeutics [62]. ...
Several plants have been studied to find their efficacy and anti-cancer activity in various cancers by synthesizing organic metal nanoparticles. However, usage of Semecarpus anacardium (SA) and production of green synthesized nanoparticles have not been exposed. In our study we have focused on synthesizing silver nanoparticles using the nut extracts from SA. Characterization studies including UV-Visible spectrophotometry have confirmed the silver nanoparticle formation at 412 nm using 0.1 mM and 427 nm using 0.2 mM AgNPs. Particle size was recorded at 1.4 nm confirming their effectivity and zeta potential studies confirmed the respective charge of-38.6 mV of the particle. Anti-microbial activity was shown against gram negative bacteria. MTT assay studies confirmed the anti-cancer activity against ovarian cancer cell line, PA-1. These results depict the excellent cytotoxic effect on the PA-1 ovarian cancer cell line, with an IC50 value of 250 µg/ml. Flow cytometry studies confirmed that SA methanolic nut extracts inhibited cell cycle at G0/G1 phase and induced apoptosis. Taken together, we are confirming that SA methanolic extracts have anti-cancer properties against ovarian cancer cell line, PA-1.
... Heat is applied to cancer when local HT is used for cancer treatment. When aiming for certain physiological effects such as cell death without causing serious injury to adjacent normal tissues [23], the heating temperature is 42-45 °C [24]. Penne's bioheat transfer equation (PBHTE) is given for the transient problem as: (2) Where : tissue density, : tissue-specific heat, : tissue temperature, : blood density, : blood specific heat, : arterial blood temperature, k: tissue thermal conductivity, : metabolism heat, and Qext: absorbed power due to an external source. ...
Thyroid cancer (TC) is the most prevalent type of endocrine cancer, estimated to double among Egyptian women by 2050. The objective of this study was to investigate the microwave (MW)-induced hyperthermia (HT) treatment of TC using a cylindrical metamaterial (MTM) super-lens array. A 3D full human neck model extracted from a DICOM CT image stack for a patient with pathologically confirmed TC was performed. We created a thyroid gland model using the Computer Simulation Technology, applying a finite element method. A microstrip patch antenna applicator with MTM super-lens array was designed to calculate the Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) and temperature distribution inside and out of TC at 2.4 GHz. With an MTM super-lens array, the temperatures within the TC reached higher significant levels above 42 °C, sufficient to sustain HT treatment. Thus, MTM super-lens arrays can be used for modeling and simulating efficient MW-induced HT treatment of TC.
... The 3D Slicer is a software application for medical image processing, visualization, and image-guided therapeutic research. It is free, open-source software that allows registration and interactive segmentation [8,9]. A realistic 3D liver model was proposed, segmented using 3D Slicer segmentation software from a stack of DICOM MRI images of an HCC patient. ...
The liver is a vital organ responsible for various functions supporting metabolism, immunity, digestion, detoxification, and vitamin storage in the human body. With hepatic cancer accounting for 20.7% of all cancers in Egypt in 2021, we studied the effect of nanoparticles (NPs)-induced hyperthermia (HT) treatment. We present a numerical analysis of specific absorption rate (SAR) and temperature distributions in a 3D liver model. Segmented MRI images from a hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patient were constructed, simulated, and illuminated by a rectangular inset-fed microstrip patch antenna (IFMSPA) array. The model simulated the absence and presence of different NPs at 2.435 GHz. NPs produced adequate energy deposition and temperature increase to therapeutic levels (higher than 42 °C) in HCC without damaging surrounding healthy tissue. These findings might lead to developing clinical therapeutic prototype devices that can be used for HT treatment of HCC and other cancers in humans.
