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Hybrid, bending-active structures constitute a challenging task for structural design due to the high dependency between shape and forces. Isogeometric analysis suggests itself in this context because of several advantages. Model conversion with concomitant corruption of the simulation results can be overcome. All stages of the construction, which...
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... However, Carat++ has advanced features for the non-linear simulation of construction stages and form-finding process, including cutting pattern, which is very beneficial in the design of bending-active hybrid structures. Application examples in this context can be found in [4]- [6]. Further advantages of using IGA in the design of these kind of structures can be seen in the independence of the parametrization for boundary conditions such as loads, supports and coupling entities. ...
Emerging directly from a masterclass held by the authors at IASS 2017, this paper presents a quantitative and qualitative benchmark comparison between three distinct software environments, namely SOFiSTiK, Kangaroo and Kiwi3d, framed specifically within the context of designing and simulating bending-active structures. The three environments differ significantly not only in their numerical methods and implementation but also in their stages of software development, licensing structure and design intent and so their comparison represents a timely and valuable insight into the status quo for the design of bending-active hybrid structures.
... This implies that it is possible to persistently keep track of stress and displacements stages, as required in the modelling of building processes. Application examples in this context can be found in [7][8] [9]. ...
This paper discusses the design, simulation and construction of a bending-active textile hybrid structure commissioned to the authors as part of the 2018 Venice Biennale. The hybrid structure combines the flexibility and elastic properties of GFRP rods together with bespoke CNC knitted fabric, creating a subtle equilibrium of forces along the unfolding of the installation. Building on the knowledge developed by the authors on previous bending-active hybrid prototypes, the structure represents the latest effort in terms of integration of design analysis tools within a holistic and comprehensive workflow. This enables designers to step fluently from initial concept development and definition of overall shape to the final specification of the knitted membrane structure on loop level for digital fabrication. With particular emphasis on the simulation tools employed, the paper will focus on the most up-to-date computational technologies and numerical approaches that are currently being developed for the design and analysis of bending-active and textile hybrid structures. Specifically, three distinct environments were used to form-find and analyse the structural behaviour of the installation, these environments being Kangaroo (vector-based approach), Kiwi3d (Isogeometric Analysis) and SOFiSTiK (Finite Element Analysis). This all-encompassing approach provided the perfect platform to cross-benchmark the three different methods, highlighting the qualities of each one and providing valuable information on the most appropriate software within a certain stage of design.
... Boundary conditions can be assigned independently from the parametrization of the structural model. The NURBS representation is consistently obtained throughout the design and simulation process, therefore it enables to model consecutive simulations sequences in a consistent manner, as required when modelling additive construction stages (see also [3] and [4]). ...
This paper presents the potentials of applied isogeometric finite element analysis by discussing a variety of case studies in the context of lightweight design. Isogeometric Analysis (IGA) is a modern, non-standard discretization approach for finite element analysis, which uses Non-Uniform Rational B-Splines (NURBS) to describe the geometry (CAD) as well as the physics (CAE) of the system within the same modelling environment. Consequently, the gap between design and analysis is greatly reduced, as one consistent mathematical model description is used throughout the entire design process. Hence, IGA allows to unveil new potentials in computer-aided structural engineering, as it enables a tighter link between the digital design environments of architecture and engineering. This potential is highlighted in the paper through a series of case studies which were developed using the Rhino/Grasshopper plugin Kiwi3d. The case studies shown include form finding, complex non-linear analysis, as well as the simulation of building and assembly processes.
