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Source publication
Urban upgrading programs are implemented to enhance the living conditions in a city. However, the concept of to what extent the life of the targeted communities is improved remains contested and fluid. The purpose of this study was two-fold. First, it evaluated for the first time the indoor thermal conditions in the three main urban housing types i...
Contexts in source publication
Context 1
... should be pointed out that, while the Rwandan Building Code specifies the minimum window size for any habitable room (10% of the floor area), the code does not give any recommendations for maximum window size or suitable window operable area. The parameter of window shading was defined as an outer overhang of a length controlled by the projection factor, as shown in Figure 5. There are no guidelines regarding shading design in the local building code, and in this study a maximum of 0.6 projection factor was adopted to avoid too large of overhang which could require extra structural support or would significantly reduce the amount of daylight the building receives. ...
Context 2
... the other hand, larger windows resulted in more heat loss when the outdoor temperature drops, such as during nighttime hours. The impact of the other three window parameters on nighttime comfort was marginal, as can be seen in Figure 5. The degree to which a window can be opened (its operable area) influenced the indoor thermal conditions during the daytime. ...
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