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Study of transportation infrastructure of various cities and its environmental, economic and social impacts could shed some light on identifying successful policies for sustainable transportation. Few studies have addressed sustainability covering various cities of the world. The aim of current study was to analyze impacts of various transportation...
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... attempts to model urban transportation using system dynamics that are based on a few cities data (Armah et al., 2010;Jifeng & Huapu, 2008;Shen et al., 2009). The proposed urban dynamics model could be conceptually divided into 4 modules: trip generation, modal share, transportation supply and equilibrium between supply and demand, as shown in Fig. ...
Citations
... Furthermore, travel demand management strategies, such as cordon pricing and on-street parking pricing, can be effectively implemented to increase private car generalized cost and force travelers to shift to other modes, preferably transit and non-motorized. Policymakers and the academic community have long been interested in characterizing the urban modal competition, recognizing measures affecting PT and PC usage, and evaluating the effectiveness of policies encouraging transit (Haghshenas et al., 2015). ...
This paper proposes a spatial gaming model to characterize the mode choice behavior of travelers on a corridor connecting a suburban neighborhood to the central business district. Previous game theoretic studies typically incorporate a discrete choice model into the gaming structure to observe travelers’ mode choice behavior. The novelty of the proposed model revolves around incorporating parking operator into the gaming structure. We also present a model extension accounting for the heterogeneity in travelers’ income. The parking operator and transit agency, as the two players of the game, seek to obtain a greater market share by controlling their prices. The nature of the transit agency as a (pseudo) public authority is modeled by letting the player maximize a weighted sum of profit and consumer surplus. The private parking operator, on the other hand, is a profit maximizer. With the out-of-pocket cost, generalized travel time, and disutilities other than time in the utility function of travelers, this gaming model enable us to evaluate the impact on auto-transit competition of a wide range of urban policies. A corridor in Isfahan, Iran is considered to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed model. Eight travel demand management policies are examined. We see that restrictive policies (e.g., cordon pricing) typically reduce the total demand while encouraging policies (e.g., improving transit access time by integrating transit with a bike-sharing system) increase it. The most effective policies are found to be hybrid policies such as increasing auto travel time coupled with lowering transit in-vehicle travel time.
... Contents and methods of the SD model have also been developed in the field of urban sustainability assessment. For example, Haghshenas, Vaziri, and Gholamialam (2015) proposed a system dynamics model in combination with transportation policies to analyze urban transportation sustainability in the historic city of Isfahan. Tan, Jiao, Shuai, & Shen, 2018) integrated the four urban sectors of economy, society, environment, and ecology into the SD model to comprehensively simulate the sustainability performance of Beijing with three scenarios. ...
With the building of sustainable cities being listed as one of the Sustainable Development Goals in the 2030 Agenda, cities in developing countries are facing more severe challenges. Therefore, it has become very urgent to evaluate and compare sustainability under different policy intervention scenarios. Based on the principle of system dynamics, this study constructed an urban sustainability evaluation model covering six subsystems: economy, livelihood, risk, environment, pollution governance, and resource. Using 13 cities in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region as study cases, 5 future policy scenarios were designed under the framework of the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways to simulate the variation of the urban sustainability index in each city by 2035. The results reveal that: (1) Medium and small-sized cities around Beijing are facing more challenges to achieve sustainable urban development; (2) the urban sustainability index in each city varies under different policy scenarios. (3) the gap of urban sustainability in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region does not show a significant narrowing trend and is likely to widen in the future. The approach can also be applied to other regions to provide decision support for choosing urban development pathways after comparing possible future trajectories of sustainable urban development.
