Table 4 - uploaded by Indrasurya Budisatria Mochtar
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Context 1
... grouping of origin city of shipment into Surabaya and not Surabaya aims to know its relevance to the corridor Surabaya-Jakarta. Seen in Table 4, that shipments from Surabaya are only about half of shipments originating outside of Surabaya. However this may not necessarily indicate that the corridor with origin of shipment from Surabaya is irrelevant. ...
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Citations
This paper assesses the impact of a modal shift action program aimed at reducing CO2 emissions from surface freight transport on Java - Indonesia's center of economy and population. The action program combines fiscal measures and infrastructure development strategies which are designed through consultation with policy makers and relevant stakeholders. I test three ambition levels of the action program -basic, moderate, strong on CO2 emissions, using a 4-step freight transport demand model and a fleet emission model. For each of the ambition levels, I estimate the shift from road to rail freight and savings in CO2 emissions attained. I found that a significant transport demand could be shifted from road to rail where rail freight share could reach up to 20% of the total cargo transported by 2030. This shift to rail will also lead to a considerable reduction in the total annual CO2 emissions, up to 21.6% under the strong ambition scenario. In terms of economic benefits, the shift will also reduce total transport costs up to 7.6% under the most ambitious scenario.The high effectiveness of the measures to abate emissions substantiates the need for a comprehensive cost-benefit analysis to further assess the cost-effectiveness of the action program. Based on the modelling, several following key policy measures are identified to improve the share of rail freight: (1) improving service quality of rail freight, (2) building sufficient rail infrastructure capacity, and (3) setting up dedicated funding program for intermodal rail infrastructure.
