Figure 2 - uploaded by Ahmad Abdallah
Content may be subject to copyright.
Orbital cystic lesions (Dermoid cyst). (a,c,e,g) Clinical photographs of superficial temporal (a, c) & nasal (e,g) dermoid cysts. (b,d,f,,h) Orbital axial CT scans showing well-defined, encapsulated, radiolucent masses attached to the orbital rim at the superotemporal (b,d) & superonasal (f, h) orbital quadrants (white arrows). (i,,j) Intraoperative & postoperative photographs of the same patient in (g).
Citations
... MS may either present as isolated phenomenon or may present concomitantly with 7 systemic manifestation. Patients with isolated MS present as diagnostic challenge in absence of systemic manifestation as it leads a physician to other more common diagnosis like lymphoma, rhabdomyosarcoma and neuroblastoma that can only be ruled out by tissue 8 biopsy. While isolated OGS with proptosis remains underappreciated presentation of AML and most of the data regarding it is based on western studies. ...
OBJECTIVE: To determine the frequency of proptosis and associations of proptosis with demographic, clinical and hematological characteristics with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in children.
METHODS: This descriptive study was conducted at Combined Military Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan from January 2018 to July 2020. Patients of AML between 1-12 years of age who presented with and without orbital granulocytic sarcomas (OGS), selected by non-probability convenience sampling technique were evaluated for proptosis. Patients were classified into different subtypes of AML according to French-American-British (FAB) classification. Cytogenetic studies by karyotyping were done to identify different genetic abnormalities associated with AML. Kaplan- Meier survival analysis was used to analyze the overall survival of AML patients.
RESULTS: Out of 230 patients diagnosed with AML, 34 (14.78%) patients presented with proptosis. Mean age of presentation was 6.80±3.69 years, with male-female ratio of 2.1:1. Proptosis was unilateral in 19 (55%) and bilateral in 15 (45%) patients. Ten (29.40 %) patients presented primarily with proptosis while 24 (71%) patients presented with proptosis and systemic features of leukemia. Overall AML-M2 was found in 102 (44.3%) cases and other types were observed in 128 (55.6%) cases. Most common FAB AML subtype associated with proptosis was AML-M2 (n=26; 76%). Median duration of survival in AML patients with OGS was 867 days and as compared to 353 days in AML patients without OGS.
CONCLUSION: Proptosis is a frequent finding in children with AML. AML-M2 is associated with proptosis in children with AML. Survival in patients with OGS was better than patients without OGS.
... A review of the literature revealed marked differences between biopsy-proven studies, and clinically based studies. 2 Nonetheless, overall incidence of orbital tumors is 3.5 to 4%. 3 The major bias inherent in our study was the nature of the institute where the research was taken up. Being a tertiary cancer care center dedicated to all disciplines without the services of any ophthalmologist, two points of prejudice were deciphered. ...
Background The orbit is an anatomically complex structure comprising the globe, extraocular muscles, fat, vascular, nervous, glandular, and connective tissues. A wide variety of neoplasms can arise from different orbital structures, which can create a diagnostic challenge to the pathologists. No formal study has been conducted in this regard in North East India.
Aim and Objectives This article aims to document the pattern and prevalence of orbital tumors in our institute and assess the utility of histopathological examination (HPE) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) in the precise diagnosis of these neoplasms.
Materials and Methods A retrospective analysis of orbital tumors was performed over a period of 5 years from 2013 to 2018 in the department of pathology at a tertiary cancer center of North East India following all the guidelines of the institutional ethics committee.
Results A total of 35 cases of orbital neoplasms, evaluated by HPE and IHC, were found, all of them being malignant tumors. The age range was 4 months to 85 years. Male to female ratio was 1.5:1. The most common tumor found was lymphoma, accounting for 10 cases (28.6%), all of which were non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). All these cases except one occurred in adults, thus making it the most common tumor in adults in this study. Diffuse large B cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified, was the most common NHL, followed by follicular lymphoma, mature T cell NHL, extranodal marginal zone lymphoma, and B cell lymphoblastic lymphoma. Rhabdomyosarcoma and poorly differentiated/undifferentiated carcinoma jointly were the second most common tumors, totaling seven cases (21.21%) each. This was followed by melanoma (three cases), myeloid sarcoma (three cases), Ewing sarcoma/peripheral neuroectodermal tumor (PNET) (three cases), neuroblastoma (one case), and angiosarcoma (one case). Among these, rhabdomyosarcoma, granulocytic sarcoma, Ewing sarcoma/PNET, and neuroblastoma exclusively troubled the children. IHC markers including the lymphoma panel, and soft tissue ones were crucial in the precise diagnosis of the neoplasms encountered.
Conclusion A variety of malignant orbital tumors may be seen in clinical practice. Management of these tumors requires a multidisciplinary approach. HPE in conjunction with IHC evaluation is of utmost importance in the veracious recognition of orbital tumors for their proper management.
