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Synthesis of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) using phytochemicals has become tremendously prominent in biomedical applications because of its enhanced bioactivity and biocompatibility. In this study, water extracts from the leaves of Cyclopia genistoides (C. genistoides), commonly known as honeybush (HB), were used to synthesize honeybush gold nanoparti...
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Context 1
... the HB-AuNPs had an absorption peak or SPR in the range of 542 to 564 nm for HBE concentrations starting from 0.5 mg/mL at both 25 • C ( Figure 1A) and 70 • C ( Figure 1B) at 0-2 h (T 0 -T 2 ). The SPR of the HB-AuNPs stabilized at 542 nm for HB-AuNPs synthesized with 2 and 4 mg/mL (summarized in Table 1). There were also notable broad peaks and red shift in the SPR of 8 mg/mL_HB-AuNPs, an indication that larger and non-uniform NPs were formed at this concentration. ...Context 2
... the HB-AuNPs had an absorption peak or SPR in the range of 542 to 564 nm for HBE concentrations starting from 0.5 mg/mL at both 25 °C ( Figure 1A) and 70 °C ( Figure 1B) at 0-2 h (T0-T2). The SPR of the HB-AuNPs stabilized at 542 nm for HB-AuNPs synthesized with 2 and 4 mg/mL (summarized in Table 1). There were also notable broad peaks and red shift in the SPR of 8 mg/mL_HB-AuNPs, an indication that larger and non-uniform NPs were formed at this concentration. ...Context 3
... representative hydrodynamic sizes of the HB-AuNPs are shown in Figure 3. As summarized in Table 1, the 4 mg_HB-AuNPs had the largest hydrodynamic diameter of 121 nm, followed by 1 mg/mL_HB-AuNPs that had a hydrodynamic size of 98 nm and 2 mg/mL_HB-AuNPs that that had a hydrodynamic size of 63 nm. Their zeta potentials were also measured to determine the physiochemical stability of the HB-AuNPs. ...Context 4
... representative hydrodynamic sizes of the HB-AuNPs are shown in Figure 3. As summarized in Table 1, the 4 mg_HB-AuNPs had the largest hydrodynamic diameter of 121 nm, followed by 1 mg/mL_HB-AuNPs that had a hydrodynamic size of 98 nm and 2 mg/mL_HB-AuNPs that that had a hydrodynamic size of 63 nm. Their zeta potentials were also measured to determine the physiochemical stability of the HB-AuNPs. ...Context 5
... zeta potential provides information about the long-term stability of the AuNPs in a solution, which relies on the repulsion forces between the particles. All the HB-AuNPs had a negative zeta potential (Table 1) ranging from −18.1 to −22 mV. Colloids with zeta potential values that are within the −30 and +30 mV range are considered to be stable and provide sufficient repulsive forces to keep the colloids stable for a longer period [41]. ...Context 6
... 13, x FOR PEER REVIEW 7 of 17 which relies on the repulsion forces between the particles. All the HB-AuNPs had a negative zeta potential (Table 1) ranging from −18.1 to −22 mV. Colloids with zeta potential values that are within the −30 and +30 mV range are considered to be stable and provide sufficient repulsive forces to keep the colloids stable for a longer period [41]. ...Similar publications
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Citations
... Synthesis of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in phytochemical solutions has become tremendously prominent in biomedical applications. AuNPs synthesized in plant water extracts demonstrated conferred selective cytotoxicity against colon (Caco-2), breast (MCF7), and prostate (PC3) cancer cells and did not display any cytotoxicity to skin fibroblast and human embryonic kidney (HEK293) cells [94]. ...
The incidence of cancer is growing every year and covers all age groups, including the working population, which makes cancer socially significant. Existing methods of treatment, despite the effectiveness of individual compounds in relation to cancer cells, are not perfect due to a number of side effects associated with high doses that physicians are forced to administer when using treatment protocols. A particularly difficult issue is the creation of effective functional containers that would have the properties of targeting certain types of cells. The solution of this problem is currently relevant, which is reflected in the growth of publications on this subject in recent years. The most promising is the use of nanotechnology in the development of bioengineered therapeutics and containers for chemotherapeutic agents. In this review, we tried to assess the trends that exist in this area of research, as well as show the wide using of some commercially available formulations based on the nano-sized vehicles.
... Modified chitosan nanocomposites CS-Ag-2, CS-Au-2, and CS-ZnO-2 Fig. 9(C,D). The remarkable cytotoxic activity of nanocomposite CS-Au-6 (69.35 ± 1.37 %) in comparison with CS-6 derivative (61.29 ± 2.53 %) was due to the penetration of Au NPs into the target cell [78]. ...
Background
Cancer remains a major global health burden and existing therapeutic approaches face substantial challenges such as drug resistance, poor selectivity, heterogeneity, and the complex tumor microenvironment. Nanotechnology has evolved into a promising tool with huge potential for application in the field of medicine. Recently, inorganic nanoparticles (INPs) have been widely explored for cancer therapy because of their distinct tunable physicochemical properties, biocompatibility, and versatile preparation methods. In addition, surface functionalization of INPs has further improved therapeutics efficacy by modulating their features, such as poor aqueous solubility, in vivo stability, potential toxicity, enhanced cancer targeting, and reduced binding to healthy cells.
Area covered
In this review, we briefly highlight a few of the most commonly used INPs in cancer therapy, along with their basic features and fabrication methods. Strategies, commonly employed materials and reasons for surface functionalization of INPs have also been described. Furthermore, the latest drug delivery and therapeutic applications of surface-functionalized INPs in various cancers were extensively reviewed. This review concludes with a future outlook and a few limitations of surface-functionalized INPs that hinder their clinical application.
Expert opinion
The presented data undoubtedly prove the potential of surface-functionalized INPs to improve therapeutic efficacy, cellular uptake, and tumor growth inhibition of anti-tumor drugs, thereby minimizing their limitations in cancer therapy. However, functionalized INPs have a negligible presence in the market for cancer therapy despite their promising potential. Appropriate designing and clinically relevant testing may facilitate their clinical translation into safe and effective cancer therapy in the near future.
