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Opportunities for integrating RH/FP and HIV/AIDS services
Source publication
One of the key contours of the post-ICPD era is the broadening of family planning programs to encompass reproductive health needs and rights. In sub-Saharan Africa, such an agenda has been blurred by HIV/AIDS, the leading cause of death among women and men of reproductive ages. Family planning (FP) programs are key pillars to the reduction of mater...
Context in source publication
Context 1
... important area of inquiry was the type of outlet where integration can be implemented, and the types of family planning and HIV/AIDS services that can be integrated in such outlets. Table 1 shows the potential areas of synergy for both family planning and HIV/AIDS programs identified by key informants. Despite the solid grounds for integration of family planning and HIV/AIDS services, respondents pointed to key challenges, namely: gaining support of some policy makers, program managers, and service providers who are ambivalent toward integration; developing policies that specifically address integration; meeting the required training, motivation and support of multi-skilled workers, avoiding overburdening staff at a time of severe shortage; and mobilizing resources to renovate or expand overcrowded health facilities. ...
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Background
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t in 2005.A study in
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Citations
... The fertility transition witnessed in the 1980s and 1990s stalled and reversed from 2000 onwards. The stall was attributed to an increase in child mortality due to HIV and AIDS and shortages in contraceptives following diversion of resources from family planning programs to HIV prevention [20]. This paper focuses on the 2008–09 Kenya DHS as it involves data collected after these changes, including the stall in fertility decline witnessed in Kenya. ...
Background: Manifest socio-economic differences are a trigger for internal migration in many sub-Saharan settings including Kenya. An interplay of the social, political and economic factors often lead to internal migration. Internal migration potentially has significant consequences on an individual’s economic growth and on access to health services, however, there has been little research on these dynamics. In Kenya, where regional differentials in population growth and poverty reduction continue to be priorities in the post MDG development agenda, understanding the relationships between contraceptive use and internal migration is highly relevant.
Methods: Using data from the 2008–09 Kenya Demographic and Health Survey (DHS), we analyze data from 5,905 women aged 15–49 years who reported being sexually active in the last 12 months prior to the survey. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions are fitted to predict correlates of contraceptive use in the presence of migration streams among other explanatory variables.
Results: Modern contraceptive use was significantly higher among women in all migration streams (non-migrant urban (OR = 2.8, p < 0.001), urban-urban (OR = 2.0, p < 0.001), urban-rural (OR = 2.0, p < 0.001), rural-urban (OR = 2.6,p < 0.001), rural-rural (OR = 1.7, p < 0.001), than non-migrant rural women.
Conclusion: Women who internally migrate within Kenya, whether from rural to urban or between urban centres,
were more likely to use modern contraception than non-migrant rural women. This phenomenon appears to be
due to selection, adaption and disruption effects which are likely to promote use of modern contraceptives.
Programmatically, the differentials in modern contraceptive use by the different migration streams should be
considered when designing family planning programmes among migrant and non-migrant women.
... Despite the potential contribution of family planning(FP) to the prevention of HIV infection [12] and unintended pregnancies [3], contraceptive use in sub-Saharan Africa remains low [21]. The percentage of married women aged 15-49 using modern contraceptive methods ranges from 12% in Mozambique and 14% in Ethiopia to 27% in Rwanda [4]. ...
Background
Prevention of unplanned pregnancies among people living with HIV is essential component of “Global Plan” even in the context of expanded access to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). The study aimed to assess whether contraceptive use and method preference varied by the use of HAART among HIV positive women in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Methods
A cross sectional facility based survey was conducted from June to October, 2012 information was gathered using interviewer administered questionnaire and document review was conducted to confirm HIV status and clinical review. A sample of 1418 HIV positive women including 770 women receiving HAART and 648 HAART-naïve recruited randomly from different health institutions in Addis Ababa. Data were principally analyzed using logistic regression.
Result
Overall, 71% women reported using contraception (75% among HAART users and 65% HAART naïve women). Male condom and injectables are the most preferred contraceptive methods among both groups. The odds of contraceptive use among HAART users was higher (AOR 1.60, 95% CI; 1.30-2.12) than HAART naïve women. In addition to this, presence of partner (AOR 2.32, 95% CI 1.60-3.40), disclosure of HIV status to husband (AOR 2.23; 95% CI 1.21-4.12), presence of living children: one (AOR 1.7; 95% CI 1.03-2.40), two (AOR 2.6; 95% CI 1.7-4.02) and three (AOR 3.3; 95% CI 1.90-5.60) respectively were found to be predictors of contraceptive use among HIV positive women.
Conclusion
The contraceptive profile of women in the study area mainly dependent on male condom use, this indicates the need to better integrate tailored counseling and contraceptive options with care and support activities that targets HIV positive women. Moreover, emphasis should be given to dual contraceptive method use along with their regular follow up irrespective of their HAART use.
