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Omphalina pyxidata (CONC-F2018) from Antarctica, King George Island; a) basidiomata in situ between mosses and lichens (bar = 10 mm); b) basidiospores (bar = 10 μm); c) queilocystidia (cy) and basidium (ba) stained with congo red (bar = 10 μm).
Source publication
Relatively few macrofungi have been historically described from terrestrial environments of the Antarctic Peninsula and its associated archipelagos which are characterized by a moss-dominated vegetation, most of them preferentially or obligatorily associated with bryophytes. During the study of the influence of penguin rockeries to moss communities...
Contexts in source publication
Context 1
... Basidiomata gregarious, pileate-stipitate, with pileus up to 20 mm in diam., plane-convex with depressed center or funnel-shaped, margin often undulating, striate, reddish to pale brown, turning ochre brown when drying, smooth to finely scaly (Fig. 7a); hymenium lamellate, lamellae decurrent, whitish; stem up to 20 mm long, central, brighter colored than pileus; spores 6.4-7.4-7.9 × 5-5.3-5.7µm, (Q l/w = 1.3-1.6), ovoid to pip-shaped, hyaline, inamyloid (Fig. 7b); basidia tetrasporic; queilocystidia cylindrical, sometimes subcapitate, bent or with short outgrowths, approximately as ...
Context 2
... or funnel-shaped, margin often undulating, striate, reddish to pale brown, turning ochre brown when drying, smooth to finely scaly (Fig. 7a); hymenium lamellate, lamellae decurrent, whitish; stem up to 20 mm long, central, brighter colored than pileus; spores 6.4-7.4-7.9 × 5-5.3-5.7µm, (Q l/w = 1.3-1.6), ovoid to pip-shaped, hyaline, inamyloid (Fig. 7b); basidia tetrasporic; queilocystidia cylindrical, sometimes subcapitate, bent or with short outgrowths, approximately as long as basidia (Fig. 7c); hyphal septa with clamp-connections. cf. lilacinicolor (Bon) P.-A. Moreau & Courtec., Docums Mycol. 34 (135-136): 48 (2008) Basionym: Omphalia galericolor Romagn., Revue Mycol., Paris ...
Context 3
... lamellate, lamellae decurrent, whitish; stem up to 20 mm long, central, brighter colored than pileus; spores 6.4-7.4-7.9 × 5-5.3-5.7µm, (Q l/w = 1.3-1.6), ovoid to pip-shaped, hyaline, inamyloid (Fig. 7b); basidia tetrasporic; queilocystidia cylindrical, sometimes subcapitate, bent or with short outgrowths, approximately as long as basidia (Fig. 7c); hyphal septa with clamp-connections. cf. lilacinicolor (Bon) P.-A. Moreau & Courtec., Docums Mycol. 34 (135-136): 48 (2008) Basionym: Omphalia galericolor Romagn., Revue Mycol., Paris 17(1): 45 (1952) Systematic context: Tricholomataceae, Agaricales, Agaricomycotina, ...
Citations
... 2024b), the diversity and distribution of Agaricales in Antarctica in scientific literature remain understudied. Reports indicate only seven genera in the region: Arrhenia Fr. (= Leptoglossum P. Karst.), Galerina Earle, Lichenomphalia Redhead, Lutzoni, Moncalvo and Vilgalys (= Owingsia I. Saar, Voitk and Thorn), Omphalina Quél., Pholiota (Fr.) P. Kumm., Rimbachia Pat. and Simocybe P. Karsten (Putzke et al. 2012, Palfner et al. 2020, MycoBank Database 2024. Amongst these, Galerina stands out as the genus with the highest species diversity, with 12 species thriving in the Antarctic Region, as indicated by Garrido-Benavent et al. (2023). ...
The investigation of Agaricales diversity in the Antarctica is limited, with only seven genera reported for the region. Galerina stands out as the genus with the highest species diversity, including 12 species in Antarctica. This research reports the presence of G. marginata in the region, providing the first complete morphological description for the specimen developing in Antarctica. Sampling was conducted during the Austral summer of 2022/2023 as part of the XLI Brazilian Antarctic Operation in Point Smellie, Byers Peninsula, Livingston Island, South Shetland Archipelago, Antarctica. Phylogenetic relationships reconstructed by Maximum Likelihood demonstrate that G. marginata forms a monophyletic clade with over 60% bootstrap support in most branches. The isolate in this study was found to be internal to the main cluster. Evolutionary reconstructions using the Maximum Likelihood method indicate that the branches correspond to the Antarctic isolate being an internal clade within the marginata group. Recording fungal populations in polar regions offers information about their adaptation and survival in inhospitable environments. Understanding the species' distribution in Antarctica encourages future investigations into its ecology and interactions with other organisms. Here, data are presented to establish an initial foundation for monitoring the G. marginata population in Antarctica and assessing the potential impacts of climate change on its development and survival in the forthcoming years.
We report the third occurrence of Galerina marginata (Batsch) Kühner in Antarctica and provide, for the first time, a comprehensive morphological description of an individual of the species for the Antarctic continent, accompanied by phylogenetic analyses and comprehensive discussions regarding its diversity and global distribution.
