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Oidium pedaliacearum on Ibicella lutea, A – appressoria, B – conidiophores, C – conidia. Bar = 10 µm (U. Braun del.).
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... Norske Vidensk.-Akad. Oslo, Mat.- Naturvidensk. Kl. 1925Kl. , 10: 106, 1926 The conidial state (Pseudoidium) on Ibicella lutea found in a botanical garden is mor- phologically barely distinguishable from e from Oidium sesami H.D. Shin and thus tenta- tively referred to the latter species. The anamorph on Ibicella lutea is characterised as follows (Fig. 2): Mycelium amphigenous, thin, effuse, greyish white; hyphae spar- ingly branched, 2.5-6 µm wide, thin-walled, hyaline, smooth; appressoria solitary or in opposite pairs, lobed to multilobed, 3-10 µm diam.; conidiophores arising from superficial hyphae, position more or less central between two septa, erect, (30-)60-90 µm long, basal ...
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Four species of hysterioid fungi belonging to the class Dothideomycetes of the phylum Ascomycota occurring in the tropical dry forest in the National Park of "Lagunas de Chacahua" in the state of Oaxaca are described and illustrated. Of these, Anteaglonium abbreviatum and Rhytidhysteron rufulum are new records for the state, Psiloglonium simulans i...
Citations
... Notes: Podosphaera macrospora was elevated from Po. alpina f. macrospora U. Braun based on the observation that the samples on Saxifraga tricuspidata from Canada had significantly larger ascospores in thin-walled asci, in contrast with the European Po. alpina [U. Braun & V. Kummer in (Ale-Agha et al. 2008)]. Podosphaera macrospora was circumscribed as a species on a wide range of host in family Saxifragaceae, whereas the European Po. alpina was limited to Saxifraga spp., viz. ...
Powdery mildew diseases on crops and ornamental plants are common and cause significant economic losses, by reducing the yield and quality of crops and downgrading the value of ornamentals. In surveys published annually in the Canadian Plant Disease Survey, powdery mildews were reported frequently. In recent years, the taxonomy of powdery mildew fungi has changed tremendously as the result of the increased application of molecular phylogenetic analyses. Several generic concepts have been re-adjusted. Many traditionally considered species turned out to be a complex of several phylogenetic species. In order to facilitate effective communication in the scientific community, it is important to apply the current correct names for field identifications. In this document, we summarize the powdery mildew fungi reported in the Canadian Plant Disease Survey from 2000 to 2019, address the taxonomic and nomenclatural issues associated with the listed species, and tentatively suggest correct names based on host plants wherever possible. Nevertheless, a reliable identification of the powdery mildew must depend on DNA sequence analyses and morphological examinations.
... G. Arnaud, Sphaerotheca fuliginea (Schltdl.), Oidiopsis taurica Salmon, Cercospora uramensis, C. conspicua Earle, C. cleomes, Fusarium Link, Cystopus candidus, Erysipha cruciferarum, Heterosporium cleomes, Sclerotium rolfsii, Chaetomium ellipticum and many more [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. Table 1 summarizes the taxonomic details of these fungal taxa. ...
The present communication puts on record the novel finding of a macro-fungus associated with a herbaceous angiosperm, Cleome viscosa L. from Jammu (J&K, India). On the basis of detailed morphological and mycological studies it is identified as Pleurotus pulmonarius (Fr.) Quel. Neither the plant nor the macro-fungus species are hitherto known to be associated with each other. While species of Cleome including C. viscosa are known to interact with micro-fungal taxa those of Pleurotus reportedly associate usually with trees, both living and dead. In the present case, the possible mutualistic symbiotic association has been inferred from the physical proximity between the two.
... A record of Neoerysiphe galeopsidis (≡ Erysiphe galeopsidis) from Taiwan (Anonymous 1979) is doubtful and unconfirmed. Three specific powdery mildew species have been described from sesame, viz., Euoidium sesami (Paul and Kapoor 1987), Fibroidium sesami (Braun and Cook 2012), and Pseudoidium pedaliacearum (≡ Oidium pedaliacearum, Ale-Agha et al. 2008, Braun andCook 2012). The identity and true affinity of all these species are still unclear and they have not yet been examined in detail, above all with regard to phylogenetic aspects. ...
Collections of Pseudoidium pedaliacearum on Sesamum indicum from Japan, Korea, and Nepal have been morphologically examined and subjected to molecular sequence analyses in order to clarify the taxonomic status and phylogenetic affinity of this powdery mildew. Pseudoidium pedaliacearum pertains to the Erysiphe aquilegiae clade, which encompasses several closely allied, morphologically similar powdery mildew species. The close affinity to Erysiphe sedi, Pseudoidium hortensiae (≡ Oidium hortensiae), P. neolycopersici (≡ Oidium neolycopersici), and some other taxa involved in the Erysiphe aquilegiae complex is discussed. The reexamination of P. pedaliacearum and the results of phylogenetic analyses [5′-end of the 28S rRNA gene (including the domains D1 and D2) and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions] led to a reassessment of this species and its reallocation to Erysiphe on the basis of the provisions of ICN Art. F.8.
... Powdery mildew is one of the most common and widespread plant diseases (Ale-Agha et al. 2013). Most powdery mildew diseases are caused by the Erysiphaceae family which consists of 16 genera and approximately 900 species (Braun and Cook 2012). ...
Powdery mildew was observed on common dandelion (Taraxacum officinale), collected in Fayetteville, AR, USA, and was
identified using morphology and DNA sequences of ITS and 28S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene regions. Four primer pairs were
used in this study: (1) the powdery mildew specific primer pair PMITS1/2 produced a 696 bp DNA fragment including full
sequence of 563 bp DNA fragment amplified by ITS1/4 (KU563734); (2) CTW13/TW14 created a 279 bp DNA fragment
including partial sequence of 28S rRNA gene (KU563735); (3) the 28S rRNA region primer pair NL1f/TW14 amplified a 899 bp
DNA fragment (KX610821); and (4) the primer pair ITS1/4 amplified a 563 bp DNA fragment including partial sequence of 18S
ribosomal RNA gene and complete sequence of ITS1, the 5.8S rRNA gene, ITS2, and partial sequence of the 28S rRNA gene.
The similarity analysis by Blast and phylogenetic analysis indicated that the powdery mildew pathogen in dandelion collected
from Arkansas was Podosphaera erigerontis-canadensis
... At the same time, there are many reports of anamorphic powdery mildew on C. majus, M. cordata and M. microcarpa Fedde in Europe . This fungus was reported under different names, such as Oidium sp., Pseudoidium sp., E. cruciferarum Opiz ex L. Junell, and E. macleayae (Blumer, 1967; Amano, 1986; Grigaliunaite, 1990; Dynowska et al., 1999; Jankovics, 2007; Ale-Agha et al., 2008; Jankovics et al., 2008; Schmidt, Scholler, 2011; Park et al., 2012; Pastirčákova, Pastirčák, 2013). Molecular studies showed that this fungus, in any case collected in recent years, belongs to E. macleayae (Park et al., 2012; Jiang et al., 2015; Pastirčáková et al., 2016). ...
It is reported that in 2015 an invasive powdery mildew fungus, Erysiphe macleayae (Erysiphales, Ascomycota), formerly known in Ukraine only in its anamorph stage, began to form mature fruiting bodies on Chelidonium majus and Macleaya microcarpa (Papaveraceae). Morphologically, they are almost identical to the chasmothecia of Slovak specimens. Ukrainian materials are also similar to E. macleayae samples described from China although having slightly larger chasmothecia and slightly smaller asci and ascospores. Teleomorph of the fungus was found in three localities in the city of Kiev and Kiev Region. Another species of Macleaya, M. cordata, was infected only by the anamorph of E. macleayae. The specimens studied are stored in the National Herbarium of M.G. Kholodny Institute of Botany, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (KW). The authors assume that formation of fruiting bodies of E. macleayae may be caused by an extremely hot summer in 2015. Another possible explanation is that a new biotype of E. macleayae has migrated from South Asia into Ukraine and subsequently formed mature chasmothecia through the sexual process with the indigenous European populations of the fungus.
... Erysiphe cruciferarum is the most common causal agent of the powdery mildew on various papaveraceous hosts in Asia and Europe (Braun 1987;Braun and Cook 2012), while E. hylomeci was recorded only on Hylomecon vernalis in Korea (Shin 2000), and E. macleayae has long been considered to be endemic to Asia (Park et al. 2012). Recently, asexual powdery mildew morphs identified as E. macleayae have been reported to occur on Macleaya cordata in Germany (Ale-Agha et al. 2008;Schmidt and Scholler 2011) and Macleaya microcarpa in Poland and Ukraine (Park et al. 2012;Heluta and Kravchuk 2015). In Germany, the asexual morph of this species has been observed on Chelidonium majus as BOidium sp.^since 2003 (Jage et al. 2010), while both the asexual and sexual morphs were found to be present on a new host, Meconopsis cambrica (Schmidt and Scholler 2011). ...
... The fungus was also found for the first time on M. microcarpa plants grown in a field in Slovakia (Fig. 5). From the recent findings of E. macleayae on Macleaya spp. in front gardens, parks, and botanical gardens in Germany, Poland, Ukraine, and Czech Republic (Ale-Agha et al. 2008;Park et al. 2012;Heluta and Kravchuk 2015; this paper), we expect this fungus will spread on this host genus into other European countries as well. Iacob and Drobota (2008) recorded an asexual powdery mildew on C. majus in Romania and proposed a new name for this fungus. ...
Because of the strong morphological similarity of the powdery mildew fungi that infect papaveraceous hosts, a total of 39 samples were studied to reveal the phylogeny and host range of these fungi. ITS and 28S sequence analyses revealed that the isolates identified earlier as Erysiphe cruciferarum on papaveraceous hosts represent distinct lineages and differ from that of E. cruciferarum sensu stricto on brassicaceous hosts. The taxonomic status of the anamorph infecting Eschscholzia californica was revised, and therefore, a new species name, Erysiphe eschscholziae, is proposed. The taxonomic position of the Pseudoidium anamorphs infecting Glaucium flavum, Meconopsis cambrica, Papaver dubium, and Stylophorum diphyllum remain unclear. This study revealed that Erysiphe macleayae exhibits a specific host range different from that of E. cruciferarum, the common pathogen of papaveraceous hosts. Although E. macleayae occurred naturally on Macleaya cordata, Macleaya microcarpa, M. cambrica, and Chelidonium majus only, our inoculation tests revealed that the fungus was capable of infecting Argemone grandiflora, Glaucium corniculatum, Papaver rhoeas, and Papaver somniferum, indicating that these plant species may also be taken into account as potential hosts. Erysiphe cruciferarum originating from P. somniferum was not able to infect A. grandiflora, C. majus, E. californica, M. cordata, and P. rhoeas. The emergence of E. macleayae on M. microcarpa is reported here for the first time from the Czech Republic and Slovakia. The appearance of chasmothecia of E. macleayae on C. majus in Slovakia was reported, as well. Erysiphe cruciferarum was identified on G. corniculatum and reported here for the first time from Slovakia.
... The first systematic trial to the identify of powdery mildew conidial states at species level was made by Ferraris (1912) who grouped species of Oidium according to the size and shape of their conidia and created a key to its species (To-anun et al. 2005). Records of powdery mildew on new host plants, often as anamorphic states, are not rare (Ale-Agha et al. 2008). Valuable information on phylogeny and classification of these fungi have been published in recent years (Saenz & Taylor 1999; Mori et al. 2000; Takamatsu et al. 1998 Takamatsu et al. , 1999 Takamatsu et al. , 2000 Takamatsu et al. & 2008 Takamatsu 2004; Matsuda & Takamatsu, 2003; Khodaparast et al. 2003 Khodaparast et al. , 2005 Cunnington et al. 2010; Hirata et al. 2000). ...
... Erysiphe macleayae is an introduced species native of Asia (Braun 1987) that was previously reported from Germany by Agha et al. (2008) on Macleaya cordata. The anamorph of this species is reported here from Germany on Macleaya (HAL 2133 F, KR 0021921) and Meconopsis .The features of the anamorph and only ascomata on Meconopsis (herb. ...
... This also applies to HAL 2138 F, which was previously published as Oidium cf. hortensiae (Ale-Agha et al. 2008). The typical Oidium hortensiae differs from E. deutziae by several morphological characters, e.g. by not forming small droplets. ...
Anamorphic powdery mildews on Hydrangeaceae and Papaveraceae in Germany are revised. Species are documented in detail including line drawings, photomicrographs, and identification keys. On Papaveraceae three species are accepted, specifically Erysiphe macleayae
on Chelidonium majus and Macleaya cordata, E. cruciferarum on Eschscholzia californica, and Oidium sp. (an unknown species previously assigned to E. cruciferarum) on Pseudofumaria lutea. Species on Hydrangeaceae are Oidium hortensiae
on Hydrangea macrophylla and E. deutziae on Deutzia cf. scabra and Philadelphus cf. coronarius. The fungus on the latter host plant was previously assigned to O. hortensiae. Erysiphe deutziae, E. macleayae, and Oidium hortensiae are introduced
species.
... Ein Teil davon wurde bereits publiziert (z.B. Ali et al. 2000, Lehmann & Jage 2005, Ale-Agha et al. 2008). Pilz-Wirt-Kombinationen, die nur auf künstliche Infektionen zurückgehen ( Drandarevski 1969-Erysiphe betae auf Beta-Arten;Mühle & Frauenstein 1962Mühle & Frauenstein , 1963Mühle & Frauenstein , 1970 reiche Aira-, Deschampsia-, Festuca-, Helictotrichon-, Sesleria-und Vulpia-Arten, eine Bundesländern aufgenommen, aus denen bei Angaben fehlen-meist nur eine Beobachtung pro Bundesland (gelegentlich zwei, wenn der Erstfund über 25 Jahre zurückliegt). ...
Members of the Erysiphales are conspicuous phytoparasitic microfungi during the late summer and autumn period. A lot of literature sources were evaluated by BRANDENBURGER & HAGEDORN (2006). They give an overview of the floristic data of the separate Erysiphales-host-combinations in the individual federal states of Germany. Unfortunately, most of the articles published after 2000 and especially many unpublished data assembled since 1970s have not been included. Therefore the present list is a supplementa-tion to BRANDENBURGER & HAGEDORN (2006). A total of 1.994 new records of Erysiphales-host-combinations from all federal states of Germany the Saarland excluded have been listed. Most of them are from Brandenburg, Saxony and Saxony-Anhalt. In contrast to that obvious deficits clearly exist in the federal states of Bremen, Hamburg, Hessen and Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. Compared to BRANDENBURGER & HAGEDORN (2006) only the first record of the respective Erysiphales-host-combination in the particular federal states of Germany is given. If the last record of an Erysiphales-host-combination is older than 25 years in some cases a new record is also listed. Since 2000 17 Erysiphales taxa have been collected in Germany for the first time. All in all 97 matrices novae especially different cultivated plants are compiled. 49 resp. 59 fungus-host-combinations are new for Europe and Central Europe and furthermore 199 combinations are new for Germany. 54 records are the first exact data for the occurrence of the fungus- host-combination in Germany. These combinations have been listed globally in the literature for Germany until today but without any exact data. A part of the given records offer double infections with other phytoparasitic micro-fungi. These infections have been represented summarily. A list of fungus-host-combinations published in the literature but not clearly recorded for Germany is given.
Hydrangea macrophylla, commonly known as bigleaf, garden, French, or florist hydrangea, is the most economically important member of the Hydrangea genus, with a breeding history spanning hundreds of years. Bigleaf hydrangea breeding improvement has largely focused on aesthetic traits and there are few varieties tolerant or resistant to major diseases such as powdery mildew. Powdery mildew is an obligate biotrophic Ascomycete in the order Erysiphales represented by approximately 900 species worldwide. The disease-causing agent in hydrangeas is Golovinomyces orontii (formerly Erysiphe polygoni DC), which tarnishes the beauty, growth, and salability of bigleaf hydrangea plants, especially those packed closely in production environments. Chemical or biological control is commonly used in production. A recently published haplotype-resolved genome of bigleaf hydrangea enables targeted analyses and breeding techniques for powdery mildew resistance. Analyzing transcriptomes of tolerant and susceptible hydrangeas through RNA sequencing will lead to the identification of differentially expressed genes and/or pathways. Concurrent application of marker-assisted selection, genetic transformation, and gene editing will contribute to the development of powdery-mildew-resistant varieties of bigleaf hydrangea. The aim of this review is to give a general overview of powdery mildew, its impact on bigleaf hydrangea, current control methods, molecular mechanisms, and breeding prospects for powdery mildew resistance in bigleaf hydrangea.
