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Occurrence of behavioral health risk factors, Proactive automatized lifestyle-intervention for cancer prevention, Germany, 2020-2021.
Source publication
Objectives: To investigate the co-occurrence of 4 behavioral health risk factors (BHRFs), namely tobacco smoking, alcohol at-risk drinking, physical inactivity and unhealthy diet and their association with sick days prior to hospitalization in general hospital patients.
Methods: Over 10 weeks (11/2020-04/2021), all 18-64-year-old patients admitted...
Context in source publication
Context 1
... most prevalent BHRF was unhealthy diet, regardless of whether overweight (61.7%), insufficient vegetable and fruit intake (86.7%) or the combined measure of unhealthy intake of fat, fiber, salt and sugar (100.0%) were used as indicator ( Table 2). The second most frequent BHRF was tobacco smoking (39.1%), followed by physical inactivity (34.0%) and at-risk alcohol use (25.5%). ...Similar publications
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Citations
Objectives:
More than 60% of general hospital patients report ≥ 2 health risk behaviors (HRBs), i.e. tobacco smoking, at-risk alcohol use, unhealthy diet, and/or insufficient physical activity. This study investigates a) the association between numbers of HRBs and motivation to change, b) patient preferences for receiving feedback on HRBs, and c) patients' expected gain in quality of life if behavior change made.
Methods:
In 2020/2021, 256 18-64-year-old general hospital patients (72.1% of eligibles) reported on their motivation to change each of their HRBs. Associations between HRB number and motivation were assessed using multivariate linear regressions. Participants ranked HRBs concerning their interest in receiving feedback and concerning their expected gain in quality of life if behavior change occurred.
Results:
Higher HRB number was negatively related to motivation among at-risk alcohol users (p = 0.034); 24.6% expected gain in their quality of life from behavior change. Participants overall appeared more favorable to feedback about vegetable/fruit intake and physical activity.
Conclusions:
Unhealthier lifestyle may be accompanied by decreased motivation to change in at-risk alcohol users. In case of co-occurring HRBs, asking patients for expected gain in quality of life may help guiding intervention target.
Practice implications:
Relying on patient selection only, may often leave substance-use unaddressed.
Introduction
The co-occurrence of health risk behaviours (HRBs, ie, tobacco smoking, at-risk alcohol use, insufficient physical activity and unhealthy diet) increases the risks of cancer, other chronic diseases and mortality more than additively; and applies to more than half of adult general populations. However, preventive measures that target all four HRBs and that reach the majority of the target populations, particularly those persons most in need and hard to reach are scarce. Electronic interventions may help to efficiently address multiple HRBs in healthcare patients. The aim is to investigate the acceptance of a proactive and brief electronic multiple behaviour change intervention among general hospital patients with regard to reach, retention, equity in reach and retention, satisfaction and changes in behaviour change motivation, HRBs and health.
Methods and analysis
A pre–post intervention study with four time points is conducted at a general hospital in Germany. All patients, aged 18–64 years, admitted to participating wards of five medical departments (internal medicine A and B, general surgery, trauma surgery, ear, nose and throat medicine) are systematically approached and invited to participate. Based on behaviour change theory and individual HRB profile, 175 participants receive individualised and motivation-enhancing computer-generated feedback at months 0, 1 and 3. Intervention reach and retention are determined by the proportion of participants among eligible patients and of participants who continue participation, respectively. Equity in reach and retention are measured with regard to school education and other sociodemographics. To investigate satisfaction with the intervention and subsequent changes, a 6-month follow-up is conducted. Descriptive statistics, multivariate regressions and latent growth modelling are applied.
Ethics and dissemination
The local ethics commission and data safety appointee approved the study procedures. Results will be disseminated via publication in international scientific journals and presentations on scientific conferences.
Trial registration number
NCT05365269 .
