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Digital artefacts call for new design challenges: they enable services, technology-driven and multidisciplinary never ended processes, uncouple form-function, in a social relationship that must be ecosystem-framed. Then, the usual design mindset is not proper and expected vs unexpected outcomes must be equally studied. A framework of methods, in vi...
Contexts in source publication
Context 1
... customer's needs can be also identified as product or service purposes, derived from the design brief or mission statement through the Objectives' tree method ( Cross, 2005) or Functional Analysis (Pahl and Beitz, 2007). More recently the tendency to consider the design problem as part of a wider ecosystem, with different stakeholders involved, as in Meta-Design (Giaccardi and Fisher, 2008), Design for Innovation (Cantamessa et al, 2016), or Computational Thinking (Wing, 2006), has allowed to identify a broader need spectrum in the problem definition. Progressing into the design process, in Concept Generation the main goal is enlarging the exploration space and methods, such as Morphological Chart (Cross, 2005) , 1973), all aim at "thinking outside the box". ...
Context 2
... other terms objects are "living creatures", which act following their purpose, aspirations, feelings, etc. generating a socio-technical system, in which the interactions and the purpose of the objects 'shape' (physically and digitally) the artefact in the same way as humans define themselves by interacting in society. As in Figure 1, traditional functional frameworks result enriched and encompassed by a 'purpose of an inner life', i.e., the meaning behind the interacting object during its lifecycle, since the question "what does it have to do?" is addressed through the 'interactions' that it puts in place. This is done in view of the objects' 'attitudes', which answer the question "how does it act?". ...
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Citations
In order to support the design of a product or service, it is necessary to translate the outcomes of Chap. 13 in technical terms, deriving precise requirements and specifications. This chapter discusses the approaches and methods that can be used to this purpose, with a special focus on customer-centered design methods, and on the definition of target costs, taking into account a lifecycle perspective and estimating experience economies.
