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Short sleep duration among children and adolescents has been reported to be associated with elevated BMI and other adverse health outcomes. Food choices are one proposed mechanism through which this association may occur. In the present study, we examined whether self-reported habitual sleep duration is associated with vegetable and fruit consumpti...
Contexts in source publication
Context 1
... association was significant after adjustment for demographic covariates (model 2: OR 0·74, 95 % CI 0·64, 0·86) as well as in the fully adjusted model, which also included social/behavioural covariates (model 3: OR 0·75, 95 % CI 0·64, 0·88). Short-duration sleepers also were significantly more likely to report fast food consumption than the recommended-duration sleepers (model 1: OR 1·40, 95 % CI 1·18, 1·66) (Table 3). This association persisted in the model with demographic covariates (model 2: OR 1·20, 95 % CI 1·01, 1·43) and also in the fully adjusted model (model 3: OR 1·20, 95 % CI 1·01, 1·43). ...
Context 2
... in physical activity was associated with vegetable and fruit consumption, with adolescents reporting to be engaged in physical activity $ 5 times/week significantly more likely to report consuming of vegetables and fruit than peers who exercised less (Table 2, OR 2·80, 95 % CI 2·39, 3·28). Physical activity was not significantly associated with the fast food consumption variable (Table 3). ...
Context 3
... example, adolescents reporting high screen time activity ($29 h/week) were 23 % less likely than those reporting low screen time activity (0-14 h/week) to consume fruit and vegetables on the previous day in the fully adjusted model (Table 2, OR 0·77, 95 % CI 0·66, 0·89). Adolescents reporting medium screen time activity (15-28 h/week) and high screen time activity also had significantly higher odds of consuming fast food two or more times in the past week than those reporting low screen time activity (Table 3; medium: OR 1·17, 95 % CI 1·03, 1·33; high: OR 1·34, 95 % CI 1·18, 1·52). ...
Context 4
... covariates that exhibited statistically significant asso- ciations with vegetable and fruit consumption in the fully adjusted model were age, sex, Hispanic ethnicity, other race, mother's education level, and presence of two biological parents at home (Table 2). Similarly, age, sex, mother's edu- cation level, and number of siblings at home exhibited statistically significant associations with the fast food con- sumption variable in the fully adjusted model (Table 3). Our exploration of interaction terms between sleep duration and sociodemographic variables (sex, age, mother's education level, and race/ethnicity) led to a series of null findings, with one exception -a statistically significant interaction between sleep duration and Hispanic ethnicity. ...
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Citations
... Several factors contribute to sleep pattern alterations in children, such as metabolic syndromes, growth hormone deficiency, allergic conditions, blood malignancies, and obesity. 2 In addition, some authors have shown that eating habits are also associated with sleep problems in children and adolescents. 4,5 A lower consumption of fruits and vegetables combined with higher consumption of fast food and energy-rich and nutrient-poor foods are predictors of sleep disturbances. 4,5 Food consumption has changed drastically over the past 20 years in Brazil and worldwide, 6 with a change in the consumption of fresh foods and minimally processed foods such as rice, legumes (pulses), vegetables, and fresh fruits to the consumption of industrialized and ready-to-consume ultra-processed foods. ...
... 4,5 A lower consumption of fruits and vegetables combined with higher consumption of fast food and energy-rich and nutrient-poor foods are predictors of sleep disturbances. 4,5 Food consumption has changed drastically over the past 20 years in Brazil and worldwide, 6 with a change in the consumption of fresh foods and minimally processed foods such as rice, legumes (pulses), vegetables, and fresh fruits to the consumption of industrialized and ready-to-consume ultra-processed foods. 7 The drastic change in adult eating habits has also affected children's eating behavior, creating a vicious cycle with harmful medium-and long-term consequences for the population. ...
... 22 Studies have reported an association between the consumption of inadequate foods such as processed food and sleep-related problems. 4,5,23 Other authors found that low consumption of fruits and vegetables was associated with short sleep duration. 21 A study involving $ 70,000 Greek children revealed an association of insufficient sleep duration with unhealthy dietary habits such as skipping breakfast, fast-food consumption, and regular consumption of sweets, as well as with being overweight/obese. ...
Objective To assess the association of food consumption with sleep disturbances in 9-year-old children.
Material and Methods The present study is part of a larger cohort study named Predictors of Maternal and Infant Excess Body Weight (PREDI) that was conducted in the homes of the participants during the fourth study follow-up. Anthropometric assessment and demographic, socioeconomic, food consumption, and sleep data were obtained. The children's food consumption was evaluated using the Brazilian Food and Nutrition Surveillance System (SISVAN, in the Portuguese acronym). Sleep habits were assessed using the Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children to evaluate sleep pattern-related behaviors in children/adolescents aged 3 to 18 years. Data were self-reported by the mother and her child on the day of the visit. Logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the association of food consumption with sleep disturbances in children at 9 years of age.
Results Of the 142 children who participated in the study, 45.1% had sleep disturbances; most of them were boys (53.6%). The proportion of children with sleep disturbances was higher (55.6%) among children who did not consume fruits compared with those who ate fruits ( p = 0.008). Logistic regression analysis revealed that the lack of fruit consumption was associated with sleep disturbances (OR = 2.26, p = 0.023), even after adjustment for other predictors.
Conclusion We showed that the lack of fruit consumption is a predictor of sleep disturbances. Since fruit consumption had a protective effect on sleep disturbances at 9 years of age, encouraging the consumption of fiber-rich foods may contribute to preventing the establishment of sleep problems even in infants.
... The influence of sleep on breast cancer prognosis is inconclusive, however it has been shown that sleeping nine or more hours per night is associated with an increased risk of breast cancer recurrence, and increased risks for both breast cancer-specific mortality and all-cause mortality [14]. In addition, poor sleep quality has been linked to negative emotions and mood, and an unhealthy lifestyle [15,16]. ...
Background:
As physical inactivity and poor sleep quality may impose additional risk for cancer recurrence and overall mortality in postmenopausal breast cancer (PMBC) survivors, it is important to gain insight into the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on their physical activity (PA) and sleep level.
Objective:
This study aimed to assess the course of their physical activity (PA) and sleep throughout governmental measures against COVID-19 during 12 months of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods:
PMBC survivors (n = 96) wore an ActiGraph wGT3X-BT for seven consecutive days at 12 and 18 months after diagnosis and additional measurements were taken after onset of the second (partial) COVID-19 lockdown. Longitudinal data was categorized into four timepoints: before onset of COVID-19 (T1), during the initial lockdown (T2), in between initial and second lockdown (T3), and during the second lockdown (T4). General linear mixed effects models assessed differences in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) per day, total minutes of PA per day, average acceleration, intensity gradient, sleep efficiency, and sleep duration over time.
Results:
Levels of MVPA per day before COVID-19 were low (Median = 20.9 min/day (IQR = 10.8;36.2)), and time spent physically active was most often in light intensity, which remained stable throughout the pandemic. Sleep duration (Median = 442.8 min/night (IQR = 418.3;478.0)) and efficiency (85.9% (IQR = 79.6;88.4)) was sufficient before COVID-19 and showed stability over time.
Conclusions:
Low levels of PA with mostly light intensity, and adequate sleep efficiency and duration were observed before COVID in PMBC survivors. This was not further affected by COVID-19 governmental measures.
... Consequently, the mechanism behind the inverse association between unhealthy DP and sleep quality may be related to the low level of vital nutrient contents, which may interfere with the previously mentioned neurotransmitters [54]. For instance, high consumption of fast foods and sugary beverages, which are energy-dense and nutrient-poor foods, in unhealthy DPs has been associated with mental health parameters, including worse sleep quality and shorter sleep duration [55][56][57]. Moreover, the relationship between unhealthy DP and fast food consumption and reduced sleep time may be due to the increased intake of dietary fats on sleep duration [58,59]. ...
Background and aimsMental health disorders, poor sleep quality, and obesity are common conditions, with major public health implications, that tend to co-occur within individuals. This study focused on the relationship between dietary patterns using LCA method and mental health and sleep quality in participants who were overweight or obese.Methods
This cross-sectional study included 376 overweight or obese women between the ages of 18 and 56 years. Reliable and valid standard protocols were used to measure body composition, anthropometric indices, and physical activity. Dietary patterns (DPs) were derived by latent class analysis (LCA) and mental health status was assessed using the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS-21). The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used to subjectively measure the sleep quality of participants. Binary logistic regression was performed to investigate the associations of DPs with mental health parameters and sleep quality measurements.SettingHealth centers in Tehran, Iran.ResultsThe sample size of the present study was 307 overweight and obese women with a mean (SD) body mass index (BMI) of 31.02 (3.95) kg/m2. The study population’s mean (SD) age was 36.68 (9.50) years. By using latent class modeling (LCA), two dietary patterns (healthy and unhealthy) were identified. Those who consumed more fast food, sugary beverages, grains, unhealthy oil, butter, and margarine, as well as snacks, were categorized in the unhealthy class. A statistically significant relationship between an unhealthy dietary pattern and a higher PSQI score (OR = 1.68; 95% CI: 1.03–2.74, P value = 0.03) was observed in the fully adjusted model. Also, in comparison to the “healthy dietary pattern,” the “unhealthy dietary pattern” was associated with a significantly lower level of physical activity (P = 0.005). No significant relationship between unhealthy dietary pattern and mental health including anxiety, stress, and depression was observed.Conclusion
While no significant associations were found between dietary patterns and depression, stress, and anxiety, following an unhealthy DP was associated with a higher PSQI score and lower sleep quality in overweight and obese Iranian women. More prospective studies should be conducted to confirm these findings in other populations.
... El uso nocturno de los medios electrónicos y su efecto sobre el sueño muestra consistentemente que está asociado con retraso en la hora de irse a dormir, en el tiempo de inducción al sueño y reducción en el tiempo total del sueño, además se ha observado que el uso aumenta si los dispositivos se encuentran en el dormitorio (Maurya et al., 2022). En esta misma línea, diversos estudios han observado asociaciones consistentes entre la corta duración del sueño y un mayor consumo de comida rápida, mayor ingesta total de energía, mayor ingesta total de grasas y aumento en el consumo de bebidas con cafeína (Dashti et al., 2015;Doan et al., 2022;Kruger et al., 2014;Mozaffarian et al., 2020); además, las personas que duermen poco pueden tener episodios alimentarios irregulares, caracterizados por menos comidas principales y un mayor número de bocadillos nocturnos, los cuales suelen ser palatables y densos en energía (Dashti et al., 2015;Widome et al., 2019). ...
... One suggested mechanism for these associations is through poor diet quality and increased energy intake [11], as well as reduced energy expenditure [12,13]. A number of epidemiological studies in children and adolescents have reported that shorter sleep duration or later bedtimes are cross-sectionally associated with greater consumption of high-energy foods [14,15], added sugar, and sugar-sweetened beverages [16,17] as well as lower consumption of nutrientrich foods like fruits and vegetables [13,15,18], leading to poorer overall diet quality [19,20]. There have also been indications from cross-sectional analyses that a later chronotype (late to sleep and late to wake) may be linked to poorer diet quality and greater adiposity [19,21,22]. ...
... One suggested mechanism for these associations is through poor diet quality and increased energy intake [11], as well as reduced energy expenditure [12,13]. A number of epidemiological studies in children and adolescents have reported that shorter sleep duration or later bedtimes are cross-sectionally associated with greater consumption of high-energy foods [14,15], added sugar, and sugar-sweetened beverages [16,17] as well as lower consumption of nutrientrich foods like fruits and vegetables [13,15,18], leading to poorer overall diet quality [19,20]. There have also been indications from cross-sectional analyses that a later chronotype (late to sleep and late to wake) may be linked to poorer diet quality and greater adiposity [19,21,22]. ...
Background
Insufficient sleep has been associated with weight gain and metabolic dysregulation, with one suggested mechanism being through reduction in diet quality. Experimental evidence supports a causal effect of sleep timings on diet but this may not be applicable to a free-living adolescent population. In this analysis we use daily measures of sleep timings and diet quality, to examine the effect of sleep duration and timing on diet quality the following day among free-living adolescents.
Methods
The ROOTS study is a prospective cohort recruited from secondary schools in Cambridgeshire and Suffolk (UK). Participants (n = 815) at mean age 15.0y (SD 0.3y) completed a diet diary and wore a combined heart rate and accelerometer device over 4 consecutive days. Sleep duration and timing (midpoint) were derived from acceleration and heart rate traces, while daily energy density and fruit and vegetable intake were calculated from dietary data. Analyses were performed at day-level (1815 person-days). Multilevel random effects models were used to test associations between sleep each night and subsequent day diet, with daily sleep and diet measures nested within individuals and schools, and adjusted for day-level and individual-level confounding variables.
Results
Adolescents slept a mean of 7.88 hrs (SD 1.10) per night, reporting a mean energy density of 2.12 kcal/g (SD 0.48) and median energy-adjusted daily fruit and vegetable intake of 137.3 g (IQR 130.4). One hour shorter sleep duration was associated with lower intake of fruit and vegetables (-6.42 g, 95%CI -1.84, -10.99) the following day. An association with higher dietary energy density (0.016 kcal/g, 95%CI 0.034, -0.002) the following day was observed but did not reach statistical significance. Sleep timing was not associated with either fruit and vegetable intake (-2.52 g/d, 95%CI -7.66, 2.62) or dietary energy density (-0.001 kcal/g, 95%CI -0.022, 0.020).
Conclusions
Our observational findings from a free-living adolescent population support the experimental evidence for a causal role of sleep on diet, with shorter sleep duration at night leading to a small decrease in diet quality the following day. These findings support experimental evidence to suggest inclusion of sleep duration as one component of interventions designed to improve diet quality and weight status in adolescents.
... In recent years, there have been serious changes in the body weights and eating behaviors of children and adolescents in Turkey as well as all over the world 4,5 . In the past few decades children and adolescents have been sleeping less because of many social, demographic, and other numerous factors as food and drinks (e.g., energy drinks, high caffeinated drinks) [6][7][8][9][10] . Recommended nighttime sleeping duration is nine hours for adolescents 11,12 . ...
Background: Food and eating behaviors can be related to nutrition as well as sleep for healthy society.
Objectives: The aim of the study is to examine the eating behaviors of adolescents and the effect of some foods on sleep quality in adolescence.
MethodS: The study was carried out as a survey model of 580 adolescents in Konya, Turkey. The questionnaire consists of demographic features and anthropometric measurements, Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Eating Behavior Scale (EBS), and 24-hour recalled food consumption record used for evaluation of daily nutrient intakes. The SPSS (ver. 22) software was used to analyze the data.
Results: PSQI score was 5.79±0.17 in girls and 5.27±0.15 in boys, with a significant difference (p=0.022) and sleep quality was found to be good in 42.4% and poor in 57.6%. Sleep duration (p=0.011), sleep disturbances (p=0.002), daytime dysfunction (p=0.000) were differed by gender. The mean of EBS score was found to be 211.04±61.32, differed between girls and boys (p
... The relationship between consumption of ultra-processed foods and sleep has gaps in the literature. So far, some studies have associated the consumption of ultraprocessed foods with sleep-related outcomes, such as poor quality and short sleep duration [5,[15][16][17][18]; however, there is no evidence from systematic reviews and metaanalyses. There is a need to better understand the determinants of sleep and what factors can act on sleep quality [19]. ...
... Most studies (n = 3) were from Brazil [5,11,18], followed by Mexico [17,32] and Korea [33,34], with two studies each (Table 2). Of the 15 studies included, eight were conducted with children and/or adolescents [5,11,16,18,[33][34][35][36], while seven were conducted with adults [4,15,17,32,[37][38][39]. Two studies evaluated the consumption of ultra-processed foods through the NOVA classification [5,11], whereas the other 13 utilized different foods that are considered ultra-processed. ...
... Table 3 shows the NOS scale assessing the individual quality of each study. The score ranged from four points in two studies [4,15] to seven in six [5,11,16,18,34,36]. ...
Background and aims
To evaluate the association between the intake of ultra-processed foods and sleep-related outcomes through a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Methods
Pubmed, LILACS, Scielo, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science were searched on December 31, 2021, for studies that evaluated the association between ultra-processed foods and sleep-related outcomes (self-reported sleep duration and quality). Pooled Odds Ratios (ORs) were assessed through a random-effects model; heterogeneity was evaluated using the I² statistic. We followed the PRISMA statement and MOOSE guidelines, and the PROSPERO protocol was registered under CRD42022306934. Credibility was evaluated by the NutriGrade scale.
Results
A total of 15 cross-sectional studies were included; 14 showed that the high intake of ultra-processed foods was statistically significantly associated with sleep-related outcomes (sleep duration and quality). In the crude analysis, compared to low intake, the high intake of ultra-processed foods increased the odds of sleep-related outcomes (OR: 1.24; 95%CI: 1.09-1.41), with an increased odds among children and/or adolescents (OR: 1.41; 95%CI: 1.29-1.56), and null results among adults (OR: 0.97; 95%CI: 0.70-1.35). When adjusted for cofounders, we found statistically significant results for all ages.
Conclusion
The high intake of ultra-processed foods was associated with sleep-related outcomes, with moderate credibility of the evidence. Longitudinal studies and clinical trials confirming these findings are necessary.
... The results of our study indicate that students who consume fast-food have a short sleep duration (less than seven hours of sleep). Similar results have been obtained by other studies (Ferranti et al., 2016;Mozaffarian et al., 2020;Kruger et al., 2014;Min et al., 2018;Ogilvie et al., 2018;Weiss et al., 2010). Sleep duration and fast food intake are linked in two different ways. ...
Sleep is part of the everyday physiological rhythm that is vital for enhancing wellness and appropriate body functions. University students are vulnerable to sleep disturbance due to many factors that affect their sleep–wake behavior. No study has so far evaluated the association between sleep quality and duration and the health and nutritional status of Lebanese college students. Thus, the present study was designed to evaluate the sleep quality and duration of Beirut Arab University (BAU) students in North Lebanon and to examine associations with their nutritional status, sociodemographic, eating behaviors, lifestyles and health characteristics. To do so, a cross-sectional study was conducted among a sample of 288 students (168 males and 120 females) aged between 17 and 25 years who were registered in the Fall of 2018–2019 in Tripoli Campus, and randomly selected from the different faculties. Students completed a multi-component questionnaire. According to this study, more than half of BAU students had poor sleep quality (64.2%) and short sleep duration (71.5%). The multiple regression analysis revealed that employed students were 82% less likely to have poor sleep quality (ORadj: 0.181; 95% CI: 0.062–0.528) (P
... The CASQ shows content validity through medium to high correlation coefficients with the Pediatric Daytime Sleepiness Scale and the Sleep Habits Schools Survey (0.55 r 0.75, P < .001). Reliability estimates were high in previous research (a = 0.89) 40 as well as in the current study a = 0.86. ...
... It is noteworthy to mention that short sleep duration and obesity correlates have been primarily studied among white youth. 34,35,40 The current study used a sample of high-risk B/AA adolescents with obesity, thus contributing to the literature regarding a high-risk, minority population. ...
Objectives
The purpose of the current study was to examine the association between poor sleep health (ie, excessive daytime sleepiness), obesity sequelae (ie, percent overweight and serum leptin levels), and addictive-like eating behaviors, an obesity phenotype, in a sample of Black/African American (B/AA) adolescents.
Design
The current study analyzed archival baseline data from a sample of B/AA adolescents with obesity enrolled in a sequential randomized clinical trial.
Setting
Data were collected in the participants’ homes by trained research assistants unaware of treatment condition.
Participants
A sample of 181 B/AA adolescents with obesity between the ages of 12 and 16 years (M = 14.26, SD = 1.46) and having a body mass index (BMI) above the 95th percentile for age and gender were sampled.
Measurements
Self-report measures included the Cleveland Adolescent Sleepiness Questionnaire and the Yale Food Addiction Scale-Children (YFAS-C). Anthropomorphic data and blood samples were used to determine BMI and serum leptin levels, respectively.
Results
Excessive daytime sleepiness was positively correlated with YFAS-C symptom count, r = 0.295, P < .001. Serum leptin levels and percent overweight were both positively correlated with each other, r = 0.445, P < .001 and with YFAS-C symptom count, r = 0.215, P = .006. After controlling for age and gender, results supported an indirect effect from daytime sleepiness to both serum leptin levels (estimate = 2.210, SE = 0.932, P = .018) and percent overweight (estimate = 2.817, SE = 1.415, P = .046) through YFAS-C symptom count.
Conclusions
Culturally informed interventions on eating behaviors (ie, addictive-like eating) when excessive daytime sleepiness is reported are needed. Early intervention may help prevent the onset or worsening of obesity among adolescents.
... The extant research literature has primarily examined sleep duration and specific food choices (e.g., Buxton et al. 2009;Kruger et al. 2014;Tasali et al. 2014), while research on chronobiology and eating styles is less understood. To address these limitations, the current study examined the relationships between social jet lag and eating styles among a large, United States-based sample of young adults in college. ...
Social jet lag refers to circadian misalignment that occurs when people shift their sleep schedules from weekdays to weekends. Social jet lag is linked with numerous negative health outcomes, with emerging research connecting social jet lag to increased consumption of unhealthy foods. Existing research has not yet examined the associations between social jet lag and eating styles (e.g., emotional eating). Emotional eating and loss of control over eating are problematic eating styles which may lead to overeating and weight gain. Conversely, intuitive eating is associated with positive health outcomes such as lower risk of obesity. The present study examined social jet lag and eating styles in a young adult sample, as emerging adulthood is an important developmental time period for establishing healthy sleep and eating habits. Results of the current study indicated that in a sample of 372 American undergraduate participants, social jet lag significantly predicted lower intuitive eating (β = −.129, p = .012) and greater emotional eating (β = .12, p = .022) when controlling for age, sex, and chronotype. It was marginally predictive of loss of control over eating (β = .102, p = .050). Sleep quantity on weekdays (not weekends) also significantly predicted intuitive eating (p = .017) and loss of control over eating (p = .044), and sleep quality significantly predicted intuitive eating (p < .001), emotional eating (p < .001), and loss of control over eating (p < .001). These findings extend our understanding of the relationship between social jet lag and eating styles in college students. Addressing social jet lag in this population is an important consideration for their cardiometabolic health and for reducing weight fluctuations.
