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Retail petroleum business is an important sector of any economy, but the analysis of its structure and performance has hitherto been missing in Pakistan. This paper is first such attempt using primary survey data for Pakistan. The results obtained from the petrol pumps included in our sample indicate that the petrol pumps make handsome profits. The...
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... W. Christaller founded the Central Place Theory in 1933 [21]. The theory proposes that, selecting the right location for a retail shop is the single most important factor in profitability of a consumer service [22]. According to [10], a central place is the point where the exchange of goods and services takes place among people in close proximity to one other. ...
Retail activities are highly location sensitive and fuel retail industry is no exclusion. The unveiling of the deregulation policy has caused profit margins to reduce due to the growth of new entrants whiles operational margins have increased; causing a drastic decrease in fuel station sales and net income. However, the acquisition and building of fuel stations is more rampant than ever. This paper investigates the factors that influence sales performance and siting for a fuel station project. The mixed method and explanatory research design was adopted, focusing on selected fuel stations. The outcomes suggest that out of the three products tested, location is the key variable that receives the most positive influence on sales volumes. Service capacity does not induce a positive influence on sales volumes but rather, increases overhead cost. Other variables that influence sales volumes were identified as promotion, brand, pump price, service quality, opening hours, local authority decision and size of the place. The results further indicate that, the elements that significantly influence fuel station siting are traffic volume, competition on the road, land use in the region, the nature of the road as well as environmental and legislative demands. A consistent model to forecast retail sales volumes of fuel outlets is recommended, which would be useful in retail fuel station appraisals, feasibility studies and investment analysis by project managers and other professionals.
This study aimed at identifying the relationship of expatriation to psychological harmony among a sample of Arab expatriates in the UAE. The researchers used a measure of expatriation and psychological harmony after verification its psychometric properties. Furthermore, Pearson correlation and analysis of variance were used to analyse the data of the study. Results revealed that there is an inverse, statistically significant relationship between expatriation and psychological harmony, in which the Pearson correlation coefficient is 71%, that is, the greater the feelings of expatriation of the individual, the less psychological harmony and vice versa. The results also showed statistically significant differences due to social situation variable in favour of married persons, and the presence of statistically significant differences in the number of expatriation year variable in favour of persons who spent 1-5 years in expatriation. Further, the results showed the presence of the interaction between the social situation and the number of years of expatriation in the interaction was in favour of married people who spent more than 5 years and single individuals who spent from 1-5 years in expatriation.
