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Number of alleles, range of allele (bp) and gene diversity (GD) found in 15 maize inbred lines for 6 SSR markers.
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Genetic diversity analysis and germplasm characterization are essential steps in plant breeding and molecular markers are proved tool to accomplish. The present study was undertaken at the Molecular Breeding Lab of Plant Breeding Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI) to determine the genetic relatedness and molecular character...
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Context 1
... total of 48 alleles were detected at 10 SSR markers among 15 maize inbred lines with an average of 8 alleles per-microsatellite/genotypes locus ( Table 1).The highest number of alleles per locus/genotype was detected using SSR primer set bnlg565, showing 12 alleles with an average of 0.8 alleles per genotype (Table 1). The lowest allele number per locus among the homologous chromosomes was observed using SSR primer set p-umc1566, showing a total of 4 with an average of 0.27 alleles per genotype (Table 1). ...Context 2
... total of 48 alleles were detected at 10 SSR markers among 15 maize inbred lines with an average of 8 alleles per-microsatellite/genotypes locus ( Table 1).The highest number of alleles per locus/genotype was detected using SSR primer set bnlg565, showing 12 alleles with an average of 0.8 alleles per genotype (Table 1). The lowest allele number per locus among the homologous chromosomes was observed using SSR primer set p-umc1566, showing a total of 4 with an average of 0.27 alleles per genotype (Table 1). ...Context 3
... total of 48 alleles were detected at 10 SSR markers among 15 maize inbred lines with an average of 8 alleles per-microsatellite/genotypes locus ( Table 1).The highest number of alleles per locus/genotype was detected using SSR primer set bnlg565, showing 12 alleles with an average of 0.8 alleles per genotype (Table 1). The lowest allele number per locus among the homologous chromosomes was observed using SSR primer set p-umc1566, showing a total of 4 with an average of 0.27 alleles per genotype (Table 1). The average number of alleles obtained in the present study was higher than those reported in previous maize diversity studies ( Lu and Bernardo, 2001, Enoki et al. 2002, VazPatto et al. 2004). ...Context 4
... the more diverse set of inbreds from the gene bank collections included in the study may also contribute to the observed higher allelic richness. Range of allele size (bp) was from 4 (p-umc1566) to 12 (bngl565) ( Table 1). The highest allele size difference in phi039 followed by bnlg565 and lowest in p-umc1566. ...Similar publications
SSR marker is one of the genetic markers widely applied in plant breeding programs. The application of molecular markers in plant breeding is meant to accelerate the selection of cross-progeny. The research aimed to identify the SSR primers polymorphism between the parent and control that linked to Al tolerance and verify the cross-progeny of five...
Citations
... According to the highest percent variation, PCoA was constructed by two dimensional graphical views of axes 1 and 3 (Fig. 3) The genotypes were far away from the centroid; we can assume that they are genetically diverged. The genotypes were allocated near the centroid; we can assume that they are genetically more similar among tested populations [34]. ...
A total of 120 maize inbred lines were subjected to genetic diversity analysis by 40 SSR markers. The study revealed total alleles of 146 across 40 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers, ranged from 2 to 8 with the average of 4 per locus. Gene diversity was observed with the mean value of 0.55, range from 0.11 to 0.71 among maize genotypes. Polymorphism Information Content (PIC) value was ranged from 0.10 to 0.76 with the mean value of 0.48. Umc1525 was the best marker in this study for identification of genotypes as revealed by its PIC values of 0.76. A wide range of genetic variability and PIC value were observed among maize genotypes designating that tested genotypes are invaluable genetic materials for breeding program. In UPGMA classification by molecular markers, the genotypes were identified three distinct clusters. The log-likelihood exposed by the population structure with the optimum K value of 4, pointed out that genotypes could be divided into four sub-populations. Genotypes involved in sub-population IV analyzed by population structure, which were one group in cluster IIIB constructed by UPGMA, indicating that genotypes in sub-population IV were unique and diverse from other maize genotypes. Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) was performed to identify maize inbred lines into genetically diverged and similar genotypes. Based on this finding, genotypes viz. TK.19.17, TK.19.20, TK.19.21, TK.19.27, TK.19.28, TK19.31, TK.19.33, YZSI.20.006, YZSI.20.15, YZSI.20.16, YZSI.20.17, YZSI.20.26, YZSI.20.054, YZSI.20.036 and YZSI.20.027 were genetically diverged and useful in maize breeding program for exploitation of heterosis.
Keywords: genetic diversity; maize inbred lines; SSR markers; PIC; clusters, population structure
... SSRs have been proved to be a best option for genome mapping in maize [36]. These microsatellites are DNA markers with di, tri, or tetra-nucleotide motifs [37]. In the current research work, genetic diversity of ten maize genotypes grown in different areas of AJK were assessed using SSR primers (Table 6) (Table 7). ...
... As a result, breeders begin field trials with an improved pool of candidate genotypes/hybrids that are more likely to succeed in customers' fields. According to a review of Maniruzzaman et al. (2018), in maize, microsatellites have proved to be a valuable tool for genome mapping (Taramino and Tingey, 1996). Microsatellites or simple sequence repeats (SSRs) are DNA markers with short stretches of tandem repeated di-, tri-or tetra-nucleotide motifs (Weber, 1990). ...
... The results obtained in the present study were close to the findings of Kanagarasu et al., (2013) [8] where twentyseven inbred lines were grouped into five clusters. Azam et al., (2018) [1] also reported the association between fifteen inbred lines of maize by 6 SSR markers. This is in agreement with the other investigators Senior et al., (1998) [20] and Reif et al., (2003) [17] who demonstrated the correspondence of SSR markers with cluster analysis in maize. ...
... The results obtained in the present study were close to the findings of Kanagarasu et al., (2013) [8] where twentyseven inbred lines were grouped into five clusters. Azam et al., (2018) [1] also reported the association between fifteen inbred lines of maize by 6 SSR markers. This is in agreement with the other investigators Senior et al., (1998) [20] and Reif et al., (2003) [17] who demonstrated the correspondence of SSR markers with cluster analysis in maize. ...
Maize (Zea mays L.) is an important cereal crop of different countries in the world. Hybrid cultivars have played a vital role in increasing the productivity of maize. The success in identifying heterotic hybrids in maize hybrid breeding depends on the availability of genetically diverse maize inbred lines developed from different heterotic gene pool. In the present study, a set of five inbred lines were analyzed using 50 polymorphic Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) markers. A total of 111 alleles were generated with a mean of 2.2 alleles per locus. The Polymorphic Information Content (PIC) value ranged from 0.164 to 0.672 with an average of 0.345. Gene diversity (He) value ranged from 0.20 to 0.80 with a mean value of 0.468 while the value of Observed heterozygosity (Ho) ranged from 0 to 1 with a mean value of 0.084. The dendrogram generated with unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) cluster analysis revealed three clusters with a degree of genetic distance ranging from 0 to 0.1. The information on diversity of inbred lines generated in this study would be much useful in developing heterotic hybrids.
... As a result, breeders begin field trials with an improved pool of candidate genotypes/hybrids that are more likely to succeed in customers' fields. According to a review of Maniruzzaman et al. (2018), in maize, microsatellites have proved to be a valuable tool for genome mapping (Taramino and Tingey, 1996). Microsatellites or simple sequence repeats (SSRs) are DNA markers with short stretches of tandem repeated di-, tri-or tetra-nucleotide motifs (Weber, 1990). ...
Characterization of genetic diversity is the foundation step for crop improvement, which provides a basis for analyzing combining ability and heterosis of inbred genotypes during a hybridization program. An investigation was carried out at the field laboratory of the Genetics and Plant Breeding department in Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, to elucidate the genetic architecture by evaluating 12 morphological and 4 molecular (SSR) markers within 52 diverse S1 genotypes, and to assess the relationship of molecular and morphological GD. An almost equal amount of PCV and GCV coupled with high heritability and genetic advance for the traits cob weight (gm), NKPC, and NKPR lead to the selection of promising genotypes based on these characters. Correlation coefficient and scatter plot matrix established a positive and strong relationship of KL (mm), KW (mm), and KT (mm) with 100 kernel weight (gm) suggesting the importance of kernel morphology. Mahalanobis D2 statistics revealed the highest inter-cluster distance between I and II. The percentages of molecular variance within the population and among the population were 76% and 14 %, respectively. The optimum K-value was 5. Heatmap relying on molecular GD exposed MMIL-28, MMIL-54, and MMIL-96 as the most diverse lines. SHE analysis hypothesized the increase of richness and diversity over time. Less correlation between the divergence generated from morphological traits and molecular markers suggested that the morphological variation may be determined by environmental factors and also by genetic factors. A strategy for the effective selection of predicting parental lines for a future hybridization program was developed.
... While PCoA clearly separated into four clusters. Our results are also in agreement with which reported that seven genotypes were far away from centroid of cluster and were genetically diverged compared to those placed near to centroid (Azam et al. 2018). The PCoA on the of ISSR marker represented only 34.49% of the total heterogeneity of the maize crosses, which is similar to our PCoA analysis (Greveniotis et al., 2018). ...
The present study comprised of 100 lines derived from teosinte × maize (DI-103) hybridization, which were evaluated for morphological as well as molecular diversity. The slight difference in GCV and PCV estimates for all the traits except grain yield per plant reflects genotypic variation without much influence of environmental factors. The high heritability coupled with high genetic advance for most of the traits elucidated the presence of additive gene effect in the governance of these traits. Genotyping with 76 SSR markers resulted in 377 alleles with an average 5 alleles per marker loci. Wider polymorphic information content (PIC) range from 0.29 to 0.86, reflects higher allelic variation and wide distribution in the population. The average gene diversity, heterozygosity, major allele frequency, and minor allele frequency were 0.48, 0.85, 0.58, and 0.48 respectively. Cluster analysis allocated 102 lines including, maize inbred (DI-103) and teosinte-parviglumis into 14 genetic groups which indicate uniqueness of lines in terms of molecular makeup. Linkage analysis using SSR data revealed ten linkage groups in maize. Maximum allelic contribution from maize (65.2%) and teosinte (59.4%) parent was recorded in MT-26 and MT-19 respectively. With 14 and 3 heterozygous segments MT-44 and MT-26 reflected maximum (37.5%) and minimum (2.4%) heterozygosity respectively. The Maximum recombination (52%) was recorded in the case of MT-40, whereas, the line MT-81 expressed the least recombination (30%). The results reflected a quite significant variability among derived lines and governed by introgression of teosinte alleles, which can be visualized by graphical genotype.
The present study comprised of 100 lines derived from teosinte × maize (DI-103) hybridization, which were evaluated for morphological as well as molecular diversity. The slight difference in GCV and PCV estimates for all the traits except grain yield per plant reflects genotypic variation without much influence of environmental factors. The high heritability coupled with high genetic advance for most of the traits elucidated the presence of additive gene effect in the governance of these traits. Genotyping with 76 SSR markers resulted in 377 alleles with an average 5 alleles per marker loci. Wider polymorphic information content (PIC) range from 0.29 to 0.86, reflects higher allelic variation and wide distribution in the population. The average gene diversity, heterozygosity, major allele frequency, and minor allele frequency were 0.48, 0.85, 0.58, and 0.48 respectively. Cluster analysis allocated 102 lines including, maize inbred (DI-103) and teosinte-parviglumis into 14 genetic groups which indicate uniqueness of lines in terms of molecular makeup. Linkage analysis using SSR data revealed ten linkage groups in maize. Maximum allelic contribution from maize (65.2%) and teosinte (59.4%) parent was recorded in MT-26 and MT-19 respectively. With 14 and 3 heterozygous segments MT-44 and MT-26 reflected maximum (37.5%) and minimum (2.4%) heterozygosity respectively. The Maximum recombination (52%) was recorded in the case of MT-40, whereas, the line MT-81 expressed the least recombination (30%). The results reflected a quite significant variability among derived lines and governed by introgression of teosinte alleles, which can be visualized by graphical genotype.
Field study was conducted at Patuakhali Science and Technology University,
Patuakhali during 2013-2014 to know the effect of cabbage variety and organic
agriculture on the damage potential of Spodoptera litura F. and Pieris brassicae
L. Two cabbage varieties viz., Atlas-70 (V1) and Super tropic (V2), and organic
agriculture like, M0 = control, M1 = cowdung @ 6 kgplot-1, M2 = mustard
oilcake @ 750gplot-1, M3 = Vermicompost @ 3 kgplot-1 and M4 = Trichoderma
@ 3 kgplot-1 were included in this study. Treatment combinations were V1M0,
V1M1, V1M2, V1M3, V1M4, V2M0, V2M1, V2M2, V2M3 and V2M4. Results
revealed that the lowest number of infested plants/plot and percent infested
leavesplant-1 were found in variety Super tropic and trichoderma (V2M4) applied
plots followed by variety Atlas-70 and vermicompost (V1M3) applied plots on
different dates of observation while the highest number of infested plantsplot-1
and percent infested leaves plant-1 were in variety Super tropic and mustard oil
cake (V2M2) applied plots followed by variety Atlas-70 and control (V1M0)
applied plots. The highest number and percent (4.00 plot-1) and (20.00% plot-1)
of infested heads were found in variety Super tropic and mustard oil cake
(V2M2) applied plots followed by variety Atlas-70 and control plots (V1M0)
(16.65%). The highest number of healthy heads plot-1 (19.67), healthy head yield
(71.47 t ha-1) and total head yield (72.14 t ha-1) were recorded in variety Super
tropic and Tricoderma (V2M4) applied plots followed by variety Atlas-70 and
vermicompost (V1M3) (70.53 t ha-1) applied plots while the lowest number of
healthy heads per plot, healthy head yield and total head yield were recorded in
in variety Super tropic and mustard oil cake (V2M2) applied plots followed by
variety Atlas-70 and control plots (V1M0).
