Table 2 - uploaded by Ayman Sabry
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Genetic diversity of Barki, Rahmani and Ossimi Egyptian sheep breeds were assessed for ten microsatellite markers. Average number of alleles, effective number of alleles, polymorphism information content and allelic richness per marker within breeds were 8.0, 4.70, 0.71 and 6.25, respectively. Barki had the highest gene diversity over all considere...
Contexts in source publication
Context 1
... heterozygosity over all markers and for the three breeds together averaged 0.78 (Table 2). The average gene diversity over all loci ranged from 0.69 in Ossimi to 0.85 in Barki, while it had an intermediate estimate (0.79) in Rahmani breed. ...
Context 2
... range of alleles per locus was between 6 and 11 (Table 1). Detected alleles per locus averaged eight (Table 2). Comparable results were found by Elfawal et al. (2008) and El 118 Nahas et al. (2008). ...
Context 3
... exception of two loci (OarFCB11 and OarJMP29), all estimates of H e were ≤ their H o counterparts for each marker/breeds (Table 1). The overall locus heterozygosity averaged 0.78 over breeds (Table 2), reflecting a notably high variability, which is in agreement with earlier studies (Arranz et al., 2001;Baumung et al., 2006 andElfawal et al., 2008). Out of the three studied breeds, Barki had the highest gene diversity over all considered loci followed by Rahmani and Ossimi. ...
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Citations
... Nei's genetic distances (Nei, 1972) between the five populations of sheep were calculated using 12 STR loci (Table 3), which varied from 0.469 to 0.217. The results of genetic distance of the present study were lower than the findings of Bai et al. (2015), who reported that the genetic distance ranged from 0.21 to 0.62 for Chinese indigenous sheep breeds, which was higher than that of Egyptian sheep breeds (Rushdi et al., 2015). The values of genetic distances showed that the investigated sheep populations are characterized as having a high range of variability of the allele pool, presence or absence of certain alleles, and differences in frequency of occurrence alleles. ...
A total of 75 individuals from five sheep populations in Kazakhstan
were investigated based on 12 STR (short tandem repeat, also known as microsatellite) markers in order to study their genetic
structure and phylogenetic relationship based on genetic distances. These
sheep had a high level of genetic diversity. In total, 163 alleles were
found in all the populations using 12 microsatellite loci. The mean
number of alleles, effective number of alleles, and polymorphism information content (PIC) values per loci were
13.4, 5.9, and 0.78, respectively. Comparing the allelic diversity between
the populations, the highest genetic diversity was observed in the Edilbay-1 sheep breed (8.333±0.644), and the lowest parameter was for Kazakh
Arkhar-Merino (7.083±0.633). In all populations, there is a
deficiency of heterozygosity. The largest genetic diversity was found in
loci INRA023 and CSRD247 with 16 alleles, and the smallest polymorphism was noted for the
locus D5S2 with 8 alleles. The level of observed heterozygosity was in the range 0.678±0.051 for Kazakh Arkhar-Merino and 0.767±0.047 for
Kazakh fat-tailed coarse wool. The expected heterozygosity level range was from
0.702±0.033 for Kazakh Arkhar-Merino to 0.777±0.023 for
Edilbay-1. When 12 microsatellite loci are compared, the OarFCB20 locus showed the
highest level of genetic variability. Excess of heterozygosity was observed
at three loci; MAF065, McM042, and OarFCB20.
The highest genetic distance was observed between
Kazakh Arkhar-Merino and Edilbay-1, whereas the genetic distance between
Edilbay-1 and Edilbay-2 is the smallest using Nei's standard genetic
distance. The Edilbay-1 sheep breed possesses the largest genetic diversity
among these five populations.
... Previous studies have been performed to characterize the genetic differentiation and distance among Egyptian sheep breeds by means of microsatellites (Hassan et al., 2003;Elfawal et al., 2008;El Nahas et al., 2008;Ghazy et al., 2013;Rushdi and Sabry, 2015). Nevertheless, most of them focused on particular breeds, near geographical regions, a limited sample of animals, and/or a small set of microsatellite loci. ...
... The N a ranged from 6 to 12, as shown in Table 2. Detected alleles per locus averaged 8.7 (Table 3). This finding is in accordance with preceding studies carried out by Elfawal et al. (2008), El Nahas et al. (2008 and Rushdi and Sabry (2015) in Egyptian; Baumung et al. (2006) in Austrian; Moioli et al. (2006) in Italian and Mukesh et al. (2006) and Arora et al. (2011) in Indian sheep. However, it was much higher than that reported in Pakistani sheep (Ibrahim et al., 2010). ...
... However, it was much higher than that reported in Pakistani sheep (Ibrahim et al., 2010). Because the observed number of alleles in a given sample depends largely on sample size, the set of alleles identified in the present study was greater than that observed in the earlier study of Rushdi and Sabry (2015; 122 vs 80 alleles, respectively), due to the increment in number of the animals and markers genotyped. Nevertheless, Ghazy et al. (2013) found N a for Ossimi and Rahmani higher than that reported in this study. ...
Native sheep breed act as reservoirs of local environment adapted genes. They are vital for food security as they are adapted to the extreme production environments.
Sheep farming is a potential profitable agricultural enterprise in lands unsuitable for other agricultural activities. However, climate change effects pose their existential challenge for it leads to genetic diversity within species. Available literature of implications of climate change effects on the genetic diversity of native sheep breeds is limited. In this study, therefore, we bridge this gap by discussing sheep selection for adaptation traits and its implication on genetic diversity.
This review discusses the climate change trends and projections, the history and importance of sheep, sheep farming systems, importance of genetic diversity in sheep and adaptation mechanisms highlighting their selection signatures. Further, we also discuss the use of genomic tools for selection for adaptation.
Finally, this paper highlights an effective way of maintaining genetic diversity and breeding for adaptation. The understanding of impacts of climate change on genetic diversity of native sheep breeds would help in developing directional breeding program encompassing adaptation traits, as well as trigger conservation efforts for already endangered sheep breeds.
