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Neurotropic malignant melanoma. A. Well-circumscribed neoplastic proliferation predominantly within the confines of the epineurium. Note the dense epineurial fibrosis and the associated small mononuclear inflammatory cell infiltrate (H&E, x20); B and C. Diffuse tumor cell infiltrate with spindle and epithelioid morphology, nuclear pleomorphism and mitoses (H&E, x100 and x400); D. HMB-45, x100; E. Melan-A, x100; F. S100 protein, x100.
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Background
The endoscopic transpterygoid approach to Meckel's cave is an established technique for resection of trigeminal schwannomas. Modern endoscopes provide excellent intraoperative visualization of anatomic structures and relevant pathology while the minimally-invasive nature of the procedure allows for rapid postoperative recovery. Neurotrop...
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Context 1
... evaluation revealed a predominantly intraneural neoplastic proliferation with marked enlargement of the nerve fiber bundles. The prominent lymphoplasmacytic infiltration, particularly in the epineurium, initially suggested an inflammatory process (Fig. 3A). The tumor was composed of large spindle-shaped and epithelioid cells with nuclear pleomorphism and pale eosinophilic cytoplasms (Fig. 3B, C). Mitoses were present and the Ki-67 labeling index was high. An extensive differential diagnosis was considered. Immunohistochemical stainings revealed that the tumor cells were strongly positive ...
Context 2
... neoplastic proliferation with marked enlargement of the nerve fiber bundles. The prominent lymphoplasmacytic infiltration, particularly in the epineurium, initially suggested an inflammatory process (Fig. 3A). The tumor was composed of large spindle-shaped and epithelioid cells with nuclear pleomorphism and pale eosinophilic cytoplasms (Fig. 3B, C). Mitoses were present and the Ki-67 labeling index was high. An extensive differential diagnosis was considered. Immunohistochemical stainings revealed that the tumor cells were strongly positive for vimentin, S-100 protein ( Fig. 3F) and SOX 10, but were negative for Melan-A and HMB-45 (Fig. 3D, E). INI-1 was retained. Although the ...
Context 3
... of large spindle-shaped and epithelioid cells with nuclear pleomorphism and pale eosinophilic cytoplasms (Fig. 3B, C). Mitoses were present and the Ki-67 labeling index was high. An extensive differential diagnosis was considered. Immunohistochemical stainings revealed that the tumor cells were strongly positive for vimentin, S-100 protein ( Fig. 3F) and SOX 10, but were negative for Melan-A and HMB-45 (Fig. 3D, E). INI-1 was retained. Although the possibility of a malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor could not entirely be ruled out, the diagnosis of malignant melanoma was ...
Context 4
... pleomorphism and pale eosinophilic cytoplasms (Fig. 3B, C). Mitoses were present and the Ki-67 labeling index was high. An extensive differential diagnosis was considered. Immunohistochemical stainings revealed that the tumor cells were strongly positive for vimentin, S-100 protein ( Fig. 3F) and SOX 10, but were negative for Melan-A and HMB-45 (Fig. 3D, E). INI-1 was retained. Although the possibility of a malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor could not entirely be ruled out, the diagnosis of malignant melanoma was ...
