Fig 25 - uploaded by Uwe Braun
Content may be subject to copyright.
Nematogonum ferrugineum (CPC 31872). A. Microconidiophore. B-D. Conidiophores with conidiogenous cells. E. Conidia. Scale bars = 10 mm.
Source publication
This study introduces two new families, one new genus, 22 new species, 10 new combinations, four epitypes, and 16 interesting new host and / or geographical records. Cylindriaceae (based on Cylindrium elongatum) is introduced as new family, with three new combinations. Xyladictyochaetaceae (based on Xyladictyochaeta lusitanica) is introduced to acc...
Similar publications
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are widely used in industry due to their anti-microbial properties. Despite of its beneficial, they may potentially affect the activity of beneficial soil microorganisms. Trichoderma harzianum was used in this to investigate the effect of AgNPs on beneficial soil fungi. Colony diameter and spore production of T. harzian...
Citations
... (Von Arx, 1973;Asgari & Zare, 2010;Crous et al., 2018;Lücking et al., 2020). Recently, the Index of Fungorum (2020) has listed 98 species of Preussia. ...
A novel undiscovered fungal species was obtained from brackish environments located in Al-Faw city, situated in the southern region of Basrah, Iraq, through phylogenetic assessments of the ITS and TEF1α genomic regions. Sediment sample was collected from the seacoast of Al- Faw region and cultured on Potato carrot agar (PCA) and Potato dextrose agar (PDA), then incubated at 25 °C for 14 days. It was ascertained that this species clustered within the genus Preussia. Subsequent in-depth examinations of its morphological and anatomical features corroborated its distinctiveness. This previously unknown species is introduced here as P. aseelix. One of its notable characteristics is the absence of a true fruiting body, which is replaced by an asexual state represented by pycnidia.
... The material described from fossil leaves of Cinnamomum is comparable with modern Zygosporium species with vesicular cells arising directly from the mycelia. Of the 22 species accepted to date, just eight fall in this condition ( (Whitton et al. 2012, Crous et al. 2018. Zygosporium gibbum and Z. mycophilum differ in having hyaline conidia, spherical, 4-8 µm diam., in the first, and ovoid, minutely verruculose, 6-11 × 4-7 µm, in the second. ...
Well-preserved remains of a mitosporic fungus were found on leaf cuticles of Cinnamomum sp. (Lauraceae) recovered from the lower Siwalik (Chunabati Formation; Middle Miocene) sedimentary stratum of Darjeeling foothills of eastern Himalaya. Based on the characteristic features (solitary vesicular conidiophores arising directly from a superficial mycelium and strongly curved, darkly pigmented, ovoid to pyriform vesicles with 1–3 celled stalk cells), it is here proposed as a new fossil species, Zygosporium palaeogibbum sp. nov. The in situ evidence of Z. palaeogibbum in appreciable numbers on the host leaf cuticles suggests the probable existence of a host-specific saprophytic relationship in the Darjeeling sub-Himalaya’s ancient warm humid tropical climate during the time of deposition. This conclusion on past climate is in agreement with published qualitative, quantitative, and palaeomycological climatic data obtained from the study of megafossil plant remains from the same fossil locality.
... Therefore, Hernández-Restrepo et al. [8] introduced the new family Microdochiaceae to accommodate this clade. The hosts of Microdochium are diverse and widely distributed [8,[13][14][15][16][17][18]. In recent years, Microdochium has included important plant pathogens; for example, Kwasna et al. [19] gave an up-to-date description of Microdochium triticicola, which was split from the roots of Triticum aestivum L. in the UK. ...
... accessed on 30 October 2023) contains 1693 georeferenced records of Microdochium species reported around the world. America, Asia, Europe and Oceania were the main distribution locations for this species; the United States has an especially great distribution, followed by Poland [2,8,[13][14][15]19,20,41]. Since the 21st century, 12 species of this genus have been reported from five provinces (Fujian, Guizhou, Hainan, Sichuan and Yunnan) and Beijing in China (including the present study), viz, Microdochium bambusae [2,13,17,20,21,39,42]. ...
Species of the genus Microdochium (Microdochiaceae, Xylariales) have been reported from the whole world and separated from multiple plant hosts. The primary aim of the present study is to describe and illustrate three new species isolated from the leaf spot of Bambusaceae sp. and saprophytic leaves in Hainan and Yunnan provinces, China. The proposed three species, viz., Microdochium bambusae, M. nannuoshanense and M. phyllosaprophyticum, are based on multi-locus phylogenies from a combined dataset of ITS rDNA, LSU, RPB2 and TUB2 in conjunction with morphological characteristics. Descriptions and illustrations of three new species in the genus are provided.
... Conidiogenous cells are polyblastic, integrated, cylindrical and solitary with obovoidal or fusiform, smooth or finely verrucose-walled conidia (Arzanlou et al. 2007). Members of Myrmecridium are widely distributed on decaying plant branches in freshwater and soil habitats (Arzanlou et al. 2007, Jie et al. 2013, Peintner et al. 2016, Réblová et al. 2016, Tibpromma et al. 2017, Crous et al. 2018a, 2018b, 2020, 2021, 2022, Serrano et al. 2020. So far, 24 species are accepted in Myrmecridium (http://www.indexfungorum.org/Names/Names.asp ...
... Germany Crous et al. 2018aCrous et al. , 2018b however, the former can be distinguished from the latter by the presence of mucilaginous sheath on the conidia. On the other hand, species with similar conidial morphology could be phylogenetically distantly related, for example, Neomyrmecridium asiaticum resembles N. septatum based on its conidial morphology, but these two species are phylogenetically distinct. ...
This study aims to investigate the species diversity of lignicolous freshwater fungi in the Tibetan Plateau, China. Four hyphomycetous taxa were identified and subjected to molecular analysis utilizing combined ITS and LSU sequence data. The phylogenetic analysis identified two novel species in Neomyrmecridium, namely N. gaoligongense and N. luguense, as well as two new records in Myrmecridium, namely M. iridis and M. schulzeri. These species are characterized by possessing cylindrical, septate, unbranched conidiophores, integrated, terminal, polyblastic conidiogenous cells, and subhyaline, obovoid conidia. The four taxa are comprehensively described with colour photographs and phylogenetic analyses.
... Later, sequence data for additional species such as Z. chartarum Camposano, Z. masonii, and Z. mycophilum became available in GenBank for strains deposited in CBS (Vu & al. 2019). Two novel species, Z. pseudomasonii Crous and Z. pseudogibbum Crous, were also described using DNA sequence data (Crous 2019, Crous & al. 2018, 2019 together with a new genus Vesiculozygosporium Crous based on Z. echinosporum Bunting & E.W. Mason (Crous & al. 2020). On the other hand, the holomorphic genus Ascotricha Berk. ...
The phylogenetic relationships and taxonomic placement of the anamorph Flosculomyces floridaensis are explored for the first time based on a strain isolated from a culturable air sample collected indoors in Texas, USA. Unpublished sequences obtained online from six well-characterized strains isolated in Japan were also included. Phylogenetic analyses using DNA sequence data from two different nuclear ribosomal loci (ITS, LSU) suggest that the fungus is a member of Xylariales ( Sordariomycetes ) and forms a distinct monophyletic lineage within Zygosporiaceae. The genus is recognized as a phylogenetically well-circumscribed taxon in agreement with its peculiar and unique morphology. The monophyletic Zygosporiaceae is recovered as five distinct and well delimited lineages based on the disparate morphologies of their anamorphs whereas Zygosporium was resolved as paraphyletic within the family. Flosculomyces floridaensis has not previously been reported in the continental USA outside its type locality in Florida and is recorded here for the first time from Texas.
... Microdochium is a genus in Microdochiaceae (Xylariales, Sordariomycetes) [1,2]. Researchers have studied species in this genus in various countries [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. Currently, 42 Microdochium species are listed in Species Fungorum (http://www.indexfungorum.org/, ...
Microdochium species are frequently reported as phytopathogens on various plants and also as saprobic and soil-inhabiting organisms. As a pathogen, they mainly affect grasses and cereals, causing severe disease in economically valuable crops, resulting in reduced yield and, thus, economic loss. Numerous asexual Microdochium species have been described and reported as hyphomycetous. However, the sexual morph is not often found. The main purpose of this study was to describe and illustrate two new species and a new record of Microdochium based on morphological characterization and multi-locus phylogenetic analyses. Surveys of both asexual and sexual morph specimens were conducted from March to June 2021 in Yunnan Province, China. Here, we introduce Microdochium graminearum and M. shilinense, from dead herbaceous stems of grasses and report M. bolleyi as an endophyte of Setaria parviflora leaves. This study improves the understanding of Microdochium species on monocotyledonous flowering plants in East Asia. A summary of the morphological characteristics of the genus and detailed references are provided for use in future research.
... Zygosporium is characterised by a single, darkly pigmented, incurved, and swollen vesicles that may be stalked or sessile, borne from the side of a setiform conidiophore, or may arise directly from the mycelium (vesicular conidiophores). Ampulliform conidiogenous cells produce aseptate, usually ellipsoid or globose, smooth or variously ornamented conidia (Mason 1941;Hughes 1951;Whitton et al. 2003Whitton et al. , 2012Li et al. 2017 (Hughes 1951;Ellis 1971Ellis , 1976Pirozynski 1972;Thakur and Udipi 1976;Subramanian and Bhat 1987;Whitton et al. 2003Whitton et al. , 2012Manoharachary et al. 2006;McKenzie et al. 2007;Dubey 2014;Lucena and Fernández-Valencia 2017;Crous et al. 2018Crous et al. , 2019Khalkho et al. 2020). Among the listed taxa only Zygosporium deightonii has setae and vesicular conidiophores that arise directly from the mycelium (Ellis 1976). ...
Remains of a fungus with unique morphological characters were found on the leaf cuticle of a fossil leaf preserved in Oligocene deposits from Csolnok, Hungary. Vesicular conidiophores with characteristic, darkly pigmented, incurved vesicles were compared with those of the modern representatives of the anamorphic genus Zygosporium . Based on the fossil find, a new fossil-species, Zygosporium oligocenicum G. Worobiec sp. nov., having vesicular conidiophores that arise directly from the mycelium, was described. The fossil Zygosporium oligocenicum presumably preferred warm climate and, similarly to most modern members of the genus, was a saprophyte on fallen, decaying leaves.
... These studies also revealed a higher species diversity in Caliciopsis that had not been evident based on morphological characteristics. Some examples include the descriptions of Caliciopsis moriondi (Migliorini et al. 2020), long confused with the severe canker pathogen Caliciopsis pinea, and the resurrection of the genus Hypsotheca to accommodate three former Caliciopsis species, namely, H. nigra (= Caliciopsis nigra), H. maxima (= Caliciopsis maxima), and H. pleomorpha (= Caliciopsis pleomorpha) (Fitzpatrick 1942b;Crous et al. 2018;Pascoe et al. 2018;Crous et al. 2019a). ...
The Coryneliaceae is a relatively small family of mainly pathogenic fungi occurring on a diversity of hosts with a wide global distribution. Members of the family are recognized by their black, upright and elongated ascomata. Historically, the taxonomy of this group was mainly based on morphological characters, but in more recent years, DNA sequence data have resulted in new revisions. The genus Pewenomyces was recently described based on P. kutranfy, a canker pathogen on Araucaria araucana in Chile. Morphologically, this fungus resembles species in Caliciopsis and Hypsotheca. During the study in which Pewenomyces was described, three putative species were identified from the same host, two of which were observed only from cultures obtained by isolating from plant tissues. At the time of describing P. kutranfy, there was uncertainty regarding its novelty because two species of Caliciopsis (C. brevipes and C. cochlearis), a closely related genus in the Coryneliaceae, had previously also been described from the same host and location, but for which DNA sequence data were not available. In this study, phylogenetic analyses that were carried out for the three putative Pewenomyces species using sequences for seven gene regions confirmed that they were distinct species. Herbarium specimens for the two Caliciopsis species were obtained for morphological comparisons and phylogenetic analyses. Although the holotypes for the two Caliciopsis species did not yield adequate DNA for a phylogenetic analysis, a detailed morphological study established that these species were clearly different from any of the Pewenomyces taxa. The three putative species are consequently described here as Pewenomyces lalenivora sp. nov., P. tapulicola sp. nov., and P. kalosus sp. nov.
... The Pseudoanungitea genus (more abundant in the control) was described in 2018, and one species (P. vacinii) was isolated from the stem of Vaccinium myrtillus, a closely related plant from wild blueberry (Crous et al., 2018). Most of Pseudoanungitea are saprotrophic (Shen et al., 2020), but a sensitivity to fire has not been documented. ...
Thermal pruning was a common pruning method in the past but has progressively been replaced by mechanical pruning for economic reasons. Both practices are known to enhance and maintain high yields; however, thermal pruning was documented to have an additional sanitation effect by reducing weeds and fungal diseases outbreaks. Nevertheless, there is no clear consensus on the optimal fire intensity required to observe these outcomes. Furthermore, fire is known to alter the soil microbiome as it impacts the soil organic layer and chemistry. Thus far, no study has investigated into the effect of thermal pruning intensity on the wild blueberry microbiome in agricultural settings. This project aimed to document the effects of four gradual thermal pruning intensities on the wild blueberry performance, weeds, diseases, as well as the rhizosphere fungal and bacterial communities. A field trial was conducted using a block design where agronomic variables were documented throughout the 2-year growing period. MiSeq amplicon sequencing was used to determine the diversity as well as the structure of the bacterial and fungal communities. Overall, yield, fruit ripeness, and several other agronomical variables were not significantly impacted by the burning treatments. Soil phosphorus was the only parameter with a significant albeit temporary change (1 month after thermal pruning) for soil chemistry. Our results also showed that bacterial and fungal communities did not significantly change between burning treatments. The fungal community was dominated by ericoid mycorrhizal fungi, while the bacterial community was mainly composed of Acidobacteriales, Isosphaerales, Frankiales, and Rhizobiales. However, burning at high intensities temporarily reduced Septoria leaf spot disease in the season following thermal pruning. According to our study, thermal pruning has a limited short-term influence on the wild blueberry ecosystem but may have a potential impact on pests (notably Septoria infection), which should be explored in future studies to determine the burning frequency necessary to control this disease.
... Therefore, it is essential to identify Exophiala Exophiala species have been successfully isolated in various habitats worldwide. would indicate their capacity to adapt to different ecosystems as summarized in Tab Several species have been found in various natural environments [3,18,[21][22][23][24][25][26]. Some cies have been isolated from anthropogenic places and objects (e.g., bathrooms, gaso tanks of cars, washing machines, and kitchen sponges) [7,[27][28][29]. ...
... This would indicate their capacity to adapt to different ecosystems as summarized in Table 1. Several species have been found in various natural environments [3,18,[21][22][23][24][25][26]. Some species have been isolated from anthropogenic places and objects (e.g., bathrooms, gasoline tanks of cars, washing machines, and kitchen sponges) [7,[27][28][29]. ...
... µm) [3]. The wider size of the conidia in E. cancerae (4.9-8.0 × 2.7-4.8) and E. eucalypticola (4.0-7.0 × 2.0-3.0 µm) clearly distinguished them from E. lapidea [3,22]. Moreover, E. cancerae and E. eucalypticola could effectively grow at 4 • C. ...
The genus Exophiala is an anamorphic ascomycete fungus in the family Herpotrichiellaceae of the order Chaetothyriales. Exophiala species have been classified as polymorphic black yeast-like fungi. Prior to this study, 63 species had been validated, published, and accepted into this genus. Exophiala species are known to be distributed worldwide and have been isolated in various habitats around the world. Several Exophiala species have been identified as potential agents of human and animal mycoses. However, in some studies, Exophiala species have been used in agriculture and biotechnological applications. Here, we provide a brief review of the diversity, distribution, and taxonomy of Exophiala through an overview of the recently published literature. Moreover, four new Exophiala species were isolated from rocks that were collected from natural forests located in northern Thailand. Herein, we introduce these species as E. lamphunensis, E. lapidea, E. saxicola, and E. siamensis. The identification of these species was based on a combination of morphological characteristics and molecular analyses. Multi-gene phylogenetic analyses of a combination of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and small subunit (nrSSU) of ribosomal DNA, along with the translation elongation factor (tef), partial β-tubulin (tub), and actin (act) genes support that these four new species are distinct from previously known species of Exophiala. A full description, illustrations, and a phylogenetic tree showing the position of four new species are provided.
