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Mycosphaerellopsis myricariae (holotype of Sphaeria myricariae) on dead leaves of Myricariae germanicae. a-b. Ascostromata on the host surface. c. Section of an ascostroma. d. Close up of the ostiole. Note periphyses. e. Section of the peridium. f. Immature ascus. g. Mature ascus. h. Close up of ocular chamber. i-j. Ascospores. Scale bars: b = 200 µm, c = 30 µm, d = 10 µm, e = 5 µm, f = 3 µm, g = 5 µm, h = 1 µm, i-j = 3 µm.
Source publication
In this paper, we re-examine, re-describe and illustrate all sexual generic type
specimens of Planistromellaceae including Comminutispora agavacearum, Eruptio acicola, Loratospora aestuarii, Microcyclus angolensis, Mycosphaerellopsis myricariae, Planistroma yuccigenum and Planistromella yuccifoliorum. We also use molecular data from GenBank to show...
Contexts in source publication
Context 1
... on leaves. Ascostromata 77-146 µm high × 93-156 µm (› = 110 × 117.3 µm, n = 25) diam., uniloculate, solitary, gregarious, immersed to semi-immersed, globose to subglobose, brown to dark brown. Cells of ascostromata 12-22 µm wide, composed of 3-6 layers of brown-walled cells arranged in a textura globulosa (Fig. 4b-e). Ostioles periphysate (Fig. ...
Context 2
... lacking pseudoparaphyses at maturity. Asci 45.5-64 × 10-13 µm (› = 53.7 × 11.5 µm, n = 25), 8-spored, bitunicate, fissitunicate, oblong to saccate, with a 4-5 µm long pedicel, and a 1-3 µm wide × 0.5-2 µm high ocular chamber (Fig. 6f-h). Ascospores 10-12 × 4-5 µm (› = 10.9 × 4.2 µm, n = 25), 1-3 seriate and partially overlapping, ellipsoid to broadly obovoid, broadly rounded at the apex, narrowly rounded at the base, hyaline, two-celled, constricted at the central septum, with one guttule in each cell, slightly roughened ( Fig. 6i-j). Conidiomata pycnidia. ...
Context 3
... a 1-3 µm wide × 0.5-2 µm high ocular chamber (Fig. 6f-h). Ascospores 10-12 × 4-5 µm (› = 10.9 × 4.2 µm, n = 25), 1-3 seriate and partially overlapping, ellipsoid to broadly obovoid, broadly rounded at the apex, narrowly rounded at the base, hyaline, two-celled, constricted at the central septum, with one guttule in each cell, slightly roughened ( Fig. 6i-j). Conidiomata pycnidia. Conidiogenous cells short, holoblastic. Conidia oblong, uniseptate, hyaline (asexual morph description follows Barr, 1996 Saprobic on dead leaves of Asparagaceae. Ascostromata apothecial and elongate hysterothecium, scattered to loosely, immersed, dark brown to black, rather dull, carbonaceous, thick-walled, ...
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Citations
... Habitat & Distribution -Biotrophic on leaves, known only from Florida. Notes -The new species from Florida, M. jacquiniae, agrees with the generic circumscription of Microcyclus, which is characterised as biotrophic and necrotrophic on leaves and stems of tropical and subtropical plants with irregularly-shaped multilocular ascostromata, composed of thick-walled, textura angularis cells, 8-spored, thick-walled, bitunicate, cylindrical to clavate asci, with an ocular chamber, periphysate ostiole, and 1-septate ascospores (Cannon et al. 1995, Monkai et al. 2013). ...
... Based on Maximum likelihood analysis using partial LSU, M. jacquiniae shows phylogenetic affinities to the Mycosphae rellaceae, Mycosphaerellales (Monkai et al. 2013, Videira et al. 2017). We believe this study is the second report of molecular data from Microcyclus and might help shed light on the phylogenetic relationships of this poorly studied genus, which includes 36 species (Index Fungorum; Monkai et al. 2013 Sexual morph: not observed. ...
... Based on Maximum likelihood analysis using partial LSU, M. jacquiniae shows phylogenetic affinities to the Mycosphae rellaceae, Mycosphaerellales (Monkai et al. 2013, Videira et al. 2017). We believe this study is the second report of molecular data from Microcyclus and might help shed light on the phylogenetic relationships of this poorly studied genus, which includes 36 species (Index Fungorum; Monkai et al. 2013 Sexual morph: not observed. Asexual morph: Mycelium consisting of hyaline, septate, 1.9 -2.2 μm diam hyphae. ...
Novel species of fungi described in this study include those from various countries as follows: Australia , Agaricus albofoetidus , Agaricus aureoelephanti and Agaricus parviumbrus on soil, Fusarium ramsdenii from stem cankers of Araucaria cunninghamii , Keissleriella sporoboli from stem of Sporobolus natalensis , Leptosphaerulina queenslandica and Pestalotiopsis chiaroscuro from leaves of Sporobolus natalensis , Serendipita petricolae as endophyte from roots of Eriochilus petricola , Stagonospora tauntonensis from stem of Sporobolus natalensis , Teratosphaeria carnegiei from leaves of Eucalyptus grandis × E. camaldulensis and Wongia ficherai from roots of Eragrostis curvula . Canada , Lulworthia fundyensis from intertidal wood and Newbrunswickomyces abietophilus (incl. Newbrunswickomyces gen. nov.) on buds of Abies balsamea . Czech Republic , Geosmithia funiculosa from a bark beetle gallery on Ulmus minor and Neoherpotrichiella juglandicola (incl. Neoherpotrichiella gen. nov.) from wood of Juglans regia . France , Aspergillus rouenensis and Neoacrodontium gallica (incl. Neoacrodontium gen. nov.) from bore dust of Xestobium rufovillosum feeding on Quercus wood, Endoradiciella communis (incl. Endoradiciella gen. nov.) endophytic in roots of Microthlaspi perfoliatum and Entoloma simulans on soil. India , Amanita konajensis on soil and Keithomyces indicus from soil. Israel , Microascus rothbergiorum from Stylophora pistillata . Italy , Calonarius ligusticus on soil. Netherlands , Appendopyricularia juncicola (incl. Appendopyricularia gen. nov.), Eriospora juncicola and Tetraploa juncicola on dead culms of Juncus effusus , Gonatophragmium physciae on Physcia caesia and Paracosmospora physciae (incl. Paracosmospora gen. nov.) on Physcia tenella , Myrmecridium phragmitigenum on dead culm of Phragmites australis , Neochalara lolae on stems of Pteridium aquilinum , Niesslia nieuwwulvenica on dead culm of undetermined Poaceae , Nothodevriesia narthecii (incl. Nothodevriesia gen. nov.) on dead leaves of Narthecium ossifragum and Parastenospora pini (incl. Parastenospora gen. nov.) on dead twigs of Pinus sylvestris . Norway , Verticillium bjoernoeyanum from sand grains attached to a piece of driftwood on a sandy beach. Portugal , Collybiopsis cimrmanii on the base of living Quercus ilex and amongst dead leaves of Laurus and herbs. South Africa , Paraproliferophorum hyphaenes (incl. Paraproliferophorum gen. nov.) on living leaves of Hyphaene sp. and Saccothecium widdringtoniae on twigs of Widdringtonia wallichii . Spain , Cortinarius dryosalor on soil, Cyphellophora endoradicis endophytic in roots of Microthlaspi perfoliatum , Geoglossum laurisilvae on soil, Leptographium gemmatum from fluvial sediments, Physalacria auricularioides from a dead twig of Castanea sativa , Terfezia bertae and Tuber davidlopezii in soil. Sweden , Alpova larskersii , Inocybe alpestris and Inocybe boreogodeyi on soil. Thailand , Russula banwatchanensis , Russula purpureoviridis and Russula lilacina on soil. Ukraine , Nectriella adonidis on overwintered stems of Adonis vernalis . USA , Microcyclus jacquiniae from living leaves of Jacquinia keyensis and Penicillium neoherquei from a minute mushroom sporocarp. Morphological and culture characteristics are supported by DNA barcodes.
... Aplosporellaceae, Melanopsaceae and Planistromellaceae have immersed or semi-immersed multiloculate ascostromata, while those of Botryosphaeriaceae, Phyllostictaceae and Saccharataceae are uniloculate (3,8,28,29). Asci are bitunicate, with a thick endotunica (3,8,28,29). ...
... Aplosporellaceae, Melanopsaceae and Planistromellaceae have immersed or semi-immersed multiloculate ascostromata, while those of Botryosphaeriaceae, Phyllostictaceae and Saccharataceae are uniloculate (3,8,28,29). Asci are bitunicate, with a thick endotunica (3,8,28,29). Ascospores are hyaline or pigmented, septate or aseptate, ellipsoid to ovoid. ...
... Conidiogenous cells are hyaline. Conidia are hyaline or pigmented, septate or aseptate, thin-or thick-walled (3,8,(28)(29)(30)(31)(32). All newly published data, which usually provide detailed descriptions and illustrations of new records, new species, new genera or new families, will be used to update the database. ...
Fungi are eukaryotes that inhabit various ecosystems worldwide and have a decomposing effect that other organisms cannot replace. Fungi
are divided into two main groups depending on how their sexual spores are formed, viz. Ascomycota and Basidiomycota. The members of
Botryosphaeriales (Dothideomycetes, Ascomycota) are ubiquitous. They are pathogenic on a wide range of hosts, causing diverse diseases
including dieback, canker, leaf spots and root rots and are also reported as saprobes and endophytes worldwide. As an important fungal group,
of which most are plant pathogens, it is necessary to organize data and information on Botryosphaeriales so that scientific literature can be used
effectively. For this purpose, a new website, https://botryosphaeriales.org is established to gather all published data together with updates on the
present taxonomy of Botryosphaeriales. The website consists of an easy-to-operate searching system and provides an up-to-date classification
together with accounts of Botryosphaeriales taxa, including colour illustrations, descriptions, notes and numbers of species in each genus, as
well as their classification. Thus, readers will be able to obtain information on botryosphaerialean taxa through this platform.
... Kirk et al. (2008) mentioned that this genus has aposphaeria-like, fusicladium-like asexual morphs and tentatively placed in Mycosphaerellaceae. Monkai et al. (2013) also followed this placement. ...
This is a continuation of a series of studies incorporating asexually reproducing fungi in a natural classification. Over 3653 genera (ca. 30,000 morphological species) are known from asexual reproduction (1388 coelomycetes and 2265 hyphomycetes) in their life cycle. Among these, 687 genera are pleomorphic (305 coelomycetous; 378 hyphomycetous and four genera show both coelomycetous and hyphomycetous morphs). We provide notes for these pleomorphic genera in this paper. The 1544 unlinked genera without molecular data (which comprise ca. 3850 species) are listed as Ascomycota genera incertae sedis. It is essential to recollect the fungi which are placed in Ascomycota genera incertae sedis and subject them to DNA based phylogenetic analysis as they might represent new fungal lineages.
... Kirk et al. (2008) mentioned that this genus has aposphaeria-like, fusicladium-like asexual morphs and tentatively placed in Mycosphaerellaceae. Monkai et al. (2013) also followed this placement. ...
... The ascospores of L. arezzoensis are also smaller than L. aestuarii ( x = 34.5 × 4.3 µm versus x = 46.7 × 6.7 μm; Phookamsak et al. 2014) with a slight constriction at the central septum and a thick surrounding mucilaginous sheath. Furthermore, while L. aestuarii occurs in a marine environment (Kohlmeyer and Volkmann-Kohlmeyer 1993;Monkai et al. 2013), L. arezzoensis occurs on dead terrestrial hosts. Etymology: Named in honor of Mr. Erio Camporesi who made an immense contribution to fungal investigation and collection. ...
Fungal diversity notes is one of the important journal series of fungal taxonomy that provide detailed descriptions and illustrations of new fungal taxa, as well as providing new information of fungal taxa worldwide. This article is the 11th contribution to the fungal diversity notes series, in which 126 taxa distributed in two phyla, six classes, 24 orders and 55 families are described and illustrated. Taxa in this study were mainly collected from Italy by Erio Camporesi and also collected from China, India and Thailand, as well as in some other European, North American and South American countries. Taxa described in the present study include two new families, 12 new genera, 82 new species, five new combinations and 25 new records on new hosts and new geographical distributions as well as sexual-asexual reports. The two new families are Eriomycetaceae (Dothideomycetes, family incertae sedis) and Fasciatisporaceae (Xylariales, Sordariomycetes). The twelve new genera comprise Bhagirathimyces (Phaeosphaeriaceae), Camporesiomyces (Tubeufiaceae), Eriocamporesia (Cryphonectriaceae), Eriomyces (Eriomycetaceae), Neomonodictys (Pleurotheciaceae), Paraloratospora (Phaeosphaeriaceae), Paramonodictys (Parabambusicolaceae), Pseudoconlarium (Diaporthomycetidae, genus incertae sedis), Pseudomurilentithecium (Lentitheciaceae), Setoapiospora (Muyocopronaceae), Srinivasanomyces (Vibrisseaceae) and Xenoanthostomella (Xylariales, genera incertae sedis). The 82 new species comprise Acremonium chiangraiense, Adustochaete nivea, Angustimassarina camporesii, Bhagirathimyces himalayensis, Brunneoclavispora camporesii, Camarosporidiella camporesii, Camporesiomyces mali, Camposporium appendiculatum, Camposporium multiseptatum, Camposporium septatum, Canalisporium aquaticium, Clonostachys eriocamporesiana, Clonostachys eriocamporesii, Colletotrichum hederiicola, Coniochaeta vineae, Conioscypha verrucosa, Cortinarius ainsworthii, Cortinarius aurae, Cortinarius britannicus, Cortinarius heatherae, Cortinarius scoticus, Cortinarius subsaniosus, Cytospora fusispora, Cytospora rosigena, Diaporthe camporesii, Diaporthe nigra, Diatrypella yunnanensis, Dictyosporium muriformis, Didymella camporesii, Diutina bernali, Diutina sipiczkii, Eriocamporesia aurantia, Eriomyces heveae, Ernakulamia tanakae, Falciformispora uttaraditensis, Fasciatispora cocoes, Foliophoma camporesii, Fuscostagonospora camporesii, Helvella subtinta, Kalmusia erioi, Keissleriella camporesiana, Keissleriella camporesii, Lanspora cylindrospora, Loratospora arezzoensis, Mariannaea atlantica, Melanographium phoenicis, Montagnula camporesii, Neodidymelliopsis camporesii, Neokalmusia kunmingensis, Neoleptosporella camporesiana, Neomonodictys muriformis, Neomyrmecridium guizhouense, Neosetophoma camporesii, Paraloratospora camporesii, Paramonodictys solitarius, Periconia palmicola, Plenodomus triseptatus, Pseudocamarosporium camporesii, Pseudocercospora maetaengensis, Pseudochaetosphaeronema kunmingense, Pseudoconlarium punctiforme, Pseudodactylaria camporesiana, Pseudomurilentithecium camporesii, Pseudotetraploa rajmachiensis, Pseudotruncatella camporesii, Rhexocercosporidium senecionis, Rhytidhysteron camporesii, Rhytidhysteron erioi, Septoriella camporesii, Setoapiospora thailandica, Srinivasanomyces kangrensis, Tetraploa dwibahubeeja, Tetraploa pseudoaristata, Tetraploa thrayabahubeeja, Torula camporesii, Tremateia camporesii, Tremateia lamiacearum, Uzbekistanica pruni, Verruconis mangrovei, Wilcoxina verruculosa, Xenoanthostomella chromolaenae and Xenodidymella camporesii. The five new combinations are Camporesiomyces patagoniensis, Camporesiomyces vaccinia, Camposporium lycopodiellae, Paraloratospora gahniae and Rhexocercosporidium microsporum. The 22 new records on host and geographical distribution comprise Arthrinium marii, Ascochyta medicaginicola, Ascochyta pisi, Astrocystis bambusicola, Camposporium pellucidum, Dendryphiella phitsanulokensis, Diaporthe foeniculina, Didymella macrostoma, Diplodia mutila, Diplodia seriata, Heterosphaeria patella, Hysterobrevium constrictum, Neodidymelliopsis ranunculi, Neovaginatispora fuckelii, Nothophoma quercina, Occultibambusa bambusae, Phaeosphaeria chinensis, Pseudopestalotiopsis theae, Pyxine berteriana, Tetraploa sasicola, Torula gaodangensis and Wojnowiciella dactylidis. In addition, the sexual morphs of Dissoconium eucalypti and Phaeosphaeriopsis pseudoagavacearum are reported from Laurus nobilis and Yucca gloriosa in Italy, respectively. The holomorph of Diaporthe cynaroidis is also reported for the first time.
... Scale bars: a, d-j, n-x 10 lm, b, c, l, m 5 lm, k 20 lm. Sources of the figures a, b, c fromEkanayaka et al. (2016), d, e, f fromMonkai et al. (2013), j, k, l, m, x from Liu et al. (2012 ...
Botryosphaeriales was introduced in 2006 for a single family Botryosphaeriaceae. Since then the number of families has increased as a result of the transfer of one family (Planistromellaceae) into the order, re-instatement of another (Phyllostictaceae), while others resulted from raising genera to family status (Aplosporellaceae, Endomelanconiopsisaceae, Melanopsaceae, Pseudofusicoccumaceae, Saccharataceae and Septorioideaceae). All these decisions were based solely on phylogenetic analyses of several different loci. There has been no consensus on which loci are suitable markers at this taxonomic level and in some cases the datasets used to construct the phylogenies were incomplete. In this paper, the families of Botryosphaeriales were re-assessed in terms of morphology of the sexual morphs, phylogenetic relationships based on ITS and LSU sequence data, and evolutionary divergence times of lineages in relation to major events in the evolution of their hosts on a geological timescale. Six main lineages were resolved in the phylogenetic analyses and these correspond to six groups as defined on morphology of the sexual morphs. These lineages evolved during the Late epoch of the Cretaceous period and survived the catastrophic event that led to the mass extinction of non-avian dinosaurs and a great loss of plant diversity at the end of the Cretaceous period. They then diversified during the Paleocene and Eocene epochs of the Paleogene period. These six lineages are considered to represent families in Botryosphaeriales. Therefore, six families (Aplosporellaceae, Botryosphaeriaceae, Melanopsaceae, Phyllostictaceae, Planistromellaceae and Saccharataceae) are accepted in Botryosphaeriales, while three (Endomelanconiopsisaceae, Pseudofusicoccumaceae and Septorioideaceae) are reduced to synonymy under existing families.
... The generic name Kellermania, typified by K. yuccigena, was monographed by Minnis et al. (2012) who showed that Planistromella, typified by P. yuccifoliorum, is a synonym; this was subsequently confirmed by Monkai et al. (2013). Ramaley (1993) established Planistromella for the sexual morph of K. yuccifoliorum. ...
This paper provides recommendations of one name for use among pleomorphic genera in Dothideomycetes by the Working Group on Dothideomycetes established under the auspices of the International Commission on the Taxonomy of Fungi (ICTF). A number of these generic names are proposed for protection because they do not have priority and/or the generic name selected for use is asexually typified. These include: Acrogenospora over Farlowiella; Alternaria over Allewia, Lewia, and Crivellia; Botryosphaeria over Fusicoccum; Camarosporula over Anthracostroma; Capnodium over Polychaeton; Cladosporium over Davidiella; Corynespora over Corynesporasca; Curvularia over Pseudocochliobolus; Elsinoë over Sphaceloma; Excipulariopsis over Kentingia; Exosporiella over Anomalemma; Exserohilum over Setosphaeria; Gemmamyces over Megaloseptoria; Kellermania over Planistromella; Kirschsteiniothelia over Dendryphiopsis; Lecanosticta over Eruptio; Paranectriella over Araneomyces; Phaeosphaeria over Phaeoseptoria; Phyllosticta over Guignardia; Podonectria over Tetracrium; Polythrincium over Cymadothea; Prosthemium over Pleomassaria; Ramularia over Mycosphaerella; Sphaerellopsis over Eudarluca; Sphaeropsis over Phaeobotryosphaeria; Stemphylium over Pleospora; Teratosphaeria over Kirramyces and Colletogloeopsis; Tetraploa over Tetraplosphaeria; Venturia over Fusicladium and Pollaccia; and Zeloasperisporium over Neomicrothyrium. Twenty new combinations are made: Acrogenospora carmichaeliana (Berk.) Rossman & Crous, Alternaria scrophulariae (Desm.) Rossman & Crous, Pyrenophora catenaria (Drechsler) Rossman & K.D. Hyde, P. dematioidea (Bubák & Wróbl.) Rossman & K.D. Hyde, P. fugax (Wallr.) Rossman & K.D. Hyde, P. nobleae (McKenzie & D. Matthews) Rossman & K.D. Hyde, P. triseptata (Drechsler) Rossman & K.D. Hyde, Schizothyrium cryptogamum (Batzer & Crous) Crous & Batzer, S. cylindricum (G.Y. Sun et al.) Crous & Batzer, S. emperorae (G.Y. Sun & L. Gao) Crous & Batzer, S. inaequale (G.Y. Sun & L. Gao) Crous & Batzer, S. musae (G.Y. Sun & L. Gao) Crous & Batzer, S. qianense (G.Y. Sun & Y.Q. Ma) Crous & Batzer, S. tardecrescens (Batzer & Crous) Crous & Batzer, S. wisconsinense (Batzer & Crous) Crous & Batzer, Teratosphaeria epicoccoides (Cooke & Massee) Rossman & W.C. Allen, Venturia catenospora (Butin) Rossman & Crous, V. convolvularum (Ondrej) Rossman & Crous, V. oleaginea (Castagne) Rossman & Crous, and V. phillyreae (Nicolas & Aggéry) Rossman & Crous, combs. nov. Three replacement names are also proposed: Pyrenophora grahamii Rossman & K.D. Hyde, Schizothyrium sunii Crous & Batzer, and Venturia barriae Rossman & Crous noms. nov.
Botryosphaeriales (Dothideomycetes, Ascomycota) occur in a wide range of habitats as endo-phytes, saprobes, and pathogens. The order Botryosphaeriales has not been subjected to evaluation since 2019 by Phillips and co-authors using phylogenetic and evolutionary analyses. Subsequently, many studies introduced novel taxa into the order and revised several families separately. In addition , no ancestral character studies have been conducted for this order. Therefore, in this study, we re-evaluated the character evolution and taxonomic placements of Botryosphaeriales species based on ancestral character evolution, divergence time estimation, and phylogenetic relationships, including all the novel taxa that have been introduced so far. Maximum likelihood, maximum parsimony, and Bayesian inference analyses were conducted on a combined LSU and ITS sequence alignment. Ancestral state reconstruction was carried out for conidial colour, septation, and nutritional mode. Divergence times estimates revealed that Botryosphaeriales originated around 109 Mya in the early epoch of the Cretaceous period. All six families in Botryosphaeriales evolved in the late epoch of the Cretaceous period (66-100 Mya), during which Angiosperms also appeared, rapidly diversified and became dominant on land. Families of Botryosphaeriales diversified during the Paleogene and Neogene periods in the Cenozoic era. The order comprises the families Aplosporellaceae, Botryosphaeriaceae, Melanopsaceae, Phyllostictaceae, Planistromellaceae and Saccharataceae. Furthermore, current study assessed two hypotheses; the first one being "All Botryosphaeriales species originated as endophytes and then switched into saprobes when their hosts died or into pathogens when their hosts were under stress"; the second hypothesis states that "There is a link between the conidial colour and nutritional mode in botryosphaerialean taxa". Ancestral state reconstruction and nutritional mode analyses revealed a pathogenic/saprobic nutritional mode as the ancestral character. However, we could not provide strong evidence for the first hypothesis mainly due to the significantly low number of studies reporting the endophytic botryosphaerialean taxa. Results also showed that hyaline and aseptate conidia were ancestral characters in Botryosphaeriales and supported the relationship between conidial pigmentation and the pathogenicity of Botryosphaeriales species.
Geoglossum laurisilvae A. Mateos, S. De la Peña-Lastra, S. Arauzo & P. Iglesias, sp. nov.
Physalacria auricularioides S. De la Peña-Lastra, A. Mateos, M. Saavedra & P. Alvarado, sp. nov. from a dead twig of Castanea sativa
