Fig 3 - uploaded by Deborah E. Hofstra
Content may be subject to copyright.
Source publication
During a survey of submersed aquatic macrophytes and their associated fungi from lakes and waterways in New Zealand’s North Island, an isolate of Mycoleptodiscus terrestris (Gerd.) Ostaz. was confirmed on the basis of colony characteristics, sporodochia, and conidial morphology. This is a new record of M. terrestris in New Zealand and a new host sp...
Similar publications
This article reports on a multiple case study that investigated the dynamic and situated nature of learners' willingness to communicate (WTC) in second language (L2) classrooms. Framed within a sociocognitive perspective on L2 learning which draws together social, environmental, and individual factors, this study traced WTC among six learners of En...
Citations
... Zealand from both the invasive aquatic plant (hornwort) and native plants (Hofstra et al., 2009, indicating a native host association. Bacteria may control harmful cyanobacterial blooms effectively in small systems (Choi et al., 2005;Rashidan & Bird, 2001;Schmack et al., 2012). ...
Abstract
Floodplain wetlands of India are biologically rich and productive ecosystems that support unique aquatic flora and fauna. Covering an area of about 0.354 million ha, the
floodplain wetlands are a major source of self-recruiting small indigenous fish (SIF).
They offer vast potential for both capture and culture-based fisheries, securing livelihood and nutrition for a large section of the population. In addition to tremendous
anthropogenic pressures and climatic variability, these resources have experienced a
significant reduction in their geographical and areal extent. Aquatic macrophytes infestation in Indian floodplain wetlands is posing serious challenges to their ecological
and economic functioning. Degradation and shrinkage of these important resources
have been observed over the past few decades, attributable to the spread of aquatic
weed infestation, warranting urgent attention in regard to their conservation and restoration to address their impending challenges. The present study compiled a total
of 530 species under 103 families of aquatic macrophyte, representing four Indian
states of the Ganga and Brahmaputra river basin. Among these 530 species, 85 species exhibit medicinal values and 30 species are edible, whereas some other species
are used for basketry, cordage, fodder and as dye. Accordingly, the present study reviews the present status of the floodplain wetlands, their common aquatic weeds and
their ecological services. It also synthesizes the latest knowledge and discusses the
challenging issues of aquatic weed management and their control measures directed
to the sustainable management of the aquatic resources.
... Although Mycoleptodiscus species have been widely reported as plant pathogens, some have been isolated as endophytes from Chamaecyparis thyoides (Bills & Polishook 1992a, b), the aquatic Myriophyllum spicatum in the USA (Shearer 2001), Desmotes incomparabilis in Panama (Martínez-Luis et al. 2011, Ortega et al. 2013, Acer truncatum and Cinnamomum camphora in China (Sun et al. 2011, He et al. 2012, Borreria verticillata and Opuntia ficus-indica in Brazil (Andrioli et al. 2012, and Freycinetia sp. in Thailand (Tibpromma et al. 2018). Mycoleptodiscus terrestris has also been isolated as an endophyte from aquatic submersed macrophytes in New Zealand (Hofstra et al. 2009(Hofstra et al. , 2012. ...
Mycoleptodiscus includes plant pathogens, animal opportunists, saprobic and endophytic fungi. The present study presents the first molecular phylogeny and revision of the genus based on four loci, including ITS, LSU, rpb2, and tef1. An extensive collection of Mycoleptodiscus cultures, including ex-type strains from the CBS, IMI, MUCL, BRIP, clinical isolates from the USA, and fresh isolates from Brazil and Spain, was studied morphologically and phylogenetically to resolve their taxonomy. The study showed that Mycoleptodiscus sensu lato is polyphyletic. Phylogenetic analysis places Mycoleptodiscus in Muyocopronales (Dothideomycetes), together with Arxiella, Leptodiscella, Muyocopron, Neocochlearomyces, and Paramycoleptodiscus. Mycoleptodiscus terrestris, the type species, and M. sphaericus are reduced to synonyms, and one new species is introduced, M. suttonii. Mycoleptodiscus atromaculans, M. coloratus, M. freycinetiae, M. geniculatus, M. indicus, M. lateralis (including M. unilateralis and M. variabilis as its synonyms) and M. taiwanensis belong to Muyocopron (Muyocopronales, Dothideomycetes), and M. affinis, and M. lunatus to Omnidemptus (Magnaporthales, Sordariomycetes). Based on phylogenetic analyses we propose Muyocopron alcornii sp. nov., a fungus associated with leaf spots on Epidendrum sp. (Orchidaceae) in Australia, Muyocopron zamiae sp. nov. associated with leaf spots on Zamia (Zamiaceae) in the USA, and Omnidemptus graminis sp. nov. isolated from a grass (Poaceae) in Spain. Furthermore, Neomycoleptodiscus venezuelense gen. & sp. nov. is introduced for a genus similar to Mycoleptodiscus in Muyocopronaceae.
... seems rather similar to fossil Callimothallus due to similar porate cells and shape of fruiting body. Mycoleptodiscus terrestris has a wide distribution and a broad host range as parasite, and is found also on leaves (Hofstra et al. 2009). Other species of Mycoleptodiscus found on various substrates (e.g. ...
Fossil fungal fructifications were encountered during palynological investigation of the Miocene deposits of the Bełchatów Lignite Mine (Central Poland). Five fossil taxa similar to family Microthyriaceae (Phragmothyrites cf. lutosus (Dilcher) R.K. Kar & R.K. Saxena, Phragmothyrites sp. 1, Phragmothyrites sp. 2, Trichothyrites cf. hordlensis P.H. Smith, and Trichothyrites sp.) and one taxon (Callimothallus pertusus Dilcher) similar to extant anamorphic genus Mycoleptodiscus Ostaz. are reported. Callimothallus pertusus, Phragmothyrites cf. lutosus, Phragmothyrites sp. 2, and Trichothyrites cf. hordlensis are new for the fossil mycota of Poland. The presence of Callimothallus pertusus points to warm palaeoclimatic conditions which is confirmed by previously obtained data from plant macro and microremains.
... The most prominent mycoherbicide candidate, in recent years, uses Mycoleptodiscus terrestris, which naturally occurs on several species of submerged aquatic plants (Shearer, , 2010Hofstra et al., 2009 and has recognized differences between isolates in the extent of disease symptoms and impacts that the isolates have on different submerged aquatic plants (Hofstra et al., 2004;Shearer, 2010). Development of M. terrestris as a mycoherbicide has been the subject of on-going research amongst different agencies and companies over several decades (Shearer, 2010). ...
Introduced invasive alien aquatic plants (IAAPs) threaten ecosystems due to their excessive growth and have both ecological and economic impacts. To minimize these impacts, effective management of IAAPs is required according to national or international laws and regulations (e.g. the new EU regulation 1143/2014). Prevention of the introduction of IAAPs is considered the most cost effective management option. If/when prevention fails, early detection and rapid response increases the likelihood of eradication of the IAAPs and can minimize on-going management costs. For effective weed control (eradication and/or reduction), a variety of management techniques may be used. The goal or outcome of management interventions may vary depending on the site (i.e. a single waterbody, or a region with multiple waterbodies) and the feasibility of achieving the goal with the tools or methods available. Broadly defined management goals fall into three different categories of, containment, reduction or nuisance control and eradication. Management of IAAP utilises a range of control methods, either alone or in combination, to achieve a successful outcome. Here we review the biological, chemical and mechanical control methods for IAAPs, with a focus on the temperate and subtropical regions of the world and provide a management diagram illustrating the relationships between the state of the ecosystem, the management goals, outcomes and tools.
... In NZ Mt has been isolated off both an invasive aquatic plant species (hornwort) and desirable native plants (Hofstra et al 2009 and, indicating that a native host association exists in NZ lakes. Material is cultured (Figure 4), and applied to target submerged weed beds. ...
This technical report provides information for decision-making on aquatic vegetation management within stormwater systems that are likely to experience vegetation-related issues. Information was collated from a comprehensive literature review, augmented by knowledge held by the authors. This review identified a wide range of management practices that could be potentially employed. It also demonstrated complexities and uncertainties relating to these options that makes the identification of a best management practice difficult. Hence, the focus of this report was to enable users to screen for potential options, and use reference material provided on each option to confirm the best practice to employ for each situation.
... Sampling sites and sample collection Lake Rotorua (38803?S, 176819?E, Fig. 1), has a surface area of 80.2 km 2 , maximum depth of 45 m and is currently classified as eutrophic (Etheredge & Pridmore 1987;Hofstra et al. 2009). Cyanobacterial cell concentrations have, at times, been almost 1000 times higher (March 1997;Wilding 2000) than the management guideline value of 100,000 cyanobacterial cells/ml that would lead to a moderate health alert and recommended by WHO for safe practice in recreational waters (Lawton et al. 1999;WHO 2003). ...
... Lake Rotoehu (38800?S, 176832?E, Fig. 1) is a small, shallow lake with a maximum depth of 8.2 m and a surface area of 8 km 2 (Etheredge & Pridmore 1987;Hofstra et al. 2009). The lake is hypereutrophic and has experienced severe blooms since 2001. ...
... Lake Rotoiti (38803?S, 176820?E, Fig. 1), is a deep lake (maximum depth 93.4 m) of moderate size with a surface area of 34.6 km 2 (Etheredge & Pridmore 1987;Hofstra et al. 2009). It is categorised as eutrophic with decreasing water quality. ...
The aims of this study were to investigate the population dynamics and distribution of cyanobacteria in three New Zealand lakes, to detect the presence of microcystin-producing mcyE genes in potentially toxigenic strains and to correlate the finding with microcystin production. A total of 18 samples collected over a 6-week period from Lakes Rotorua, Rotoiti and Rotoehu were found to be predominantly composed of Microcystis spp., Anabaena spp., Coelosphaerium spp. and Aphanocapsa spp. The 820-bp-long region of the microcystin synthetase gene (mcyE) was successfully amplified for 11 out of the 18 water samples in genera of Microcystis and Anabaena. This provides the first documented evidence of Anabaena sp. carrying the potential to produce microcystins in New Zealand. Microcystin-LR was the only variant detected by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) analysis and was present in all samples from Lake Rotoehu.
