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Multiplicity Counts in fast mode with 252Cf [counts].

Multiplicity Counts in fast mode with 252Cf [counts].

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Decay heat [15].
Multiplicity Counts in fast mode with 252Cf [counts].
Multiplicity Counts in thermal mode with 252Cf [counts].
Ability of Non-Destructive Assay Techniques to Identify Sophisticated Material Partial Defects
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  • Nov 2019
This study explores the ability of non-destructive assay techniques to detect a partial material defect in which 100 g of plutonium are diverted from the center of a 1000 g can of PuO2 powder. Four safeguards measurements techniques: neutron multiplicity counting, calorimetry, gravimetry, and gamma ray spectroscopy are used in an attempt to detect...
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... method produced a 252 Cf mass of 14,201 ng. Table 8 shows the singles, double, and triples counts including the 252 Cf source. The uncertainties were calculated using Equations (4)e(6). ...

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In View of "On-Site" Nuclear Forensics and Assay of Fissile Materials in Sealed Packages by High-Resolution γ-Ray Spectrometry
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Several incidences of nuclear smuggling during the past few decades have raised the demand for the development of a strong "on-site" nuclear forensic infrastructure. High-resolution γ-ray spectrometry (HRGRS) plays an important role in nuclear forensics. However, the existing methodologies, developed primarily for nuclear fuel cycle applications, are relative and rely on the availability of a standard, limiting their use for the absolute assay of special nuclear materials in nonstandard geometry samples with an unknown matrix, which is vital to make a quick "on-site" decision on the severity, potential radiological threat, and intended use of an interdicted package. In this work, a methodology has been developed using HRGRS for quantifying fissile (235U, 239Pu) and other radioisotopes, which is applicable to sealed packages without requiring the knowledge of the sample geometry and the matrices. By combining experiments and Monte Carlo simulations, an iterative methodology has been proposed for "point" to "extended" source absolute efficiency transformation and demonstrated further for the absolute isotopic assay of uranium and plutonium standards, mock-up nuclear forensic samples, and an unknown nuclear material mixture with a nonstandard geometry, compound matrices, and a wide variation in the elemental and isotopic compositions with a view to imitate an "on-site" experience. The present methodology requires an assay time of only a few minutes to an hour and thus promises "on-site" nuclear forensic analysis of suspected flagged packages at borders and ports using high-resolution γ-ray spectrometry. Furthermore, the present methodology is versatile and can also be adopted for wider applications, beyond nuclear forensics.
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