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![Figure 1. An Example of the Aircraft Data Communication Network [11].](profile/Ahlem-Mifdaoui/publication/328857717/figure/fig1/AS:691397925535745@1541853519485/An-Example-of-the-Aircraft-Data-Communication-Network-11_Q320.jpg)
The complexity and costs of the avionics communication architecture are increasing exponentially with the increasing number of embedded computers over the last few decades. To limit the cabling complexity and the deployment costs of such a communication architecture, we specify a new Gigabit multiple-ring Ethernet network, called AeroRing, while me...
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... this topology, T-AeroRings are connected in a daisy-chain mode using the ring ports, i.e., ports 1 and 2 in Figure 3, whereas port 3 is used to connect the communicating equipment. The second AeroRing topology is the simple multiple-ring which connects different peripheral rings via a backbone ring, as shown in Figure 5. The key idea is to gather nodes in a peripheral ring according to their exchanged data to decrease the data path length. ...
Citations
... Finally, the thesis closes with conclusions and suggestions for future research. [7] In recent years the need for on-aircraft information technology services is addressed by aircraft manufacturers and their avionics system vendors with the addition of sophisticated, networked aircraft information systems. As illustrated in Figure 2 [58] These high-speed connections enable airlines to extend the reach of their operations by making the aircraft another node on the airline's corporate network. ...
This dissertation was written as part of my MSc degree in Cybersecurity at the International Hellenic University. More specifically, this paper critically examines the cybersecurity aspects and requirements of aerial networks, being formed between aircraft and other flying vehicles and the ground, including Air Traffic Control services, operators and users. It does that in the general context of the currently evolving aviation industry that strives to incorporate new basically wireless communication and networking technologies to enhance automation and efficiency. To introduce the unfamiliar reader to the aviation operational environment and the aspects of cybersecurity, this thesis provides an introductory description of the general context of the aviation industry and its evolution, as well as the challenges it faces with regards to cybersecurity that shape its evolution. The examination of a real world scenario as a test case was attempted next as an example of a cybersecurity aware design method. The scenario involves the development of a new air traffic control service similar to ADS-B. The system addresses the need to incorporate small aircraft and UAVs into the Air Traffic Management System and is based on low consumption wireless protocol LoRa and the Internet of Things (IoT) concept. The system was developed as a proof of concept and was subsequently analyzed to assess the threats and risks involved. Contingency measures for the hardening of the system were proposed and used to update the design. Finally, the paper studies more closely some of the measures proposed, with focus on the wireless physical level security. The use of encryption in this layer, as part of the modulation as well as Multi Input Multi Output (MIMO) techniques, is explored through simulations and possible advantages and disadvantages are identified.
Aircraft are composed of many electronic systems: sensors, displays, navigation equipment, and communication elements. These elements require a reliable interconnection, which is a major challenge for communication networks since high reliability and predictability requirements must be verified for safe operation. In addition, their verification via hardware deployments is limited because these are costly and it is difficult to try different architectures and configurations, thus delaying design and development in this area. Therefore, verification at early stages in the design process is of great importance and must be supported with simulation. In this context, this work presents an event-driven link-level framework and simulator for the validation of avionics networks. The tool presented supports communication protocols commonly used in avionics, such as Avionics Full-Duplex Switched Ethernet (AFDX), as well as Ethernet, which is used with static routing. Also, the simulator provides accurate results by employing realistic models for various devices. The proposed platform was evaluated in the Clean Sky’s Disruptive Cockpit for Large Passenger Aircraft architecture scenario, showing the capabilities of the simulator. Verification speed is a key factor in its application, so the computational cost was analyzed, proving that the execution time is linearly dependent on the number of messages sent and that the increase in the number of nodes has few quadratic components.
Topology architecture has a decisive influence on network reliability. In this paper, we design a novel redundancy topology and analyze the structural robustness, the number of redundant paths between two terminal nodes, and the reliability of the proposed topology by using natural connectivity and time-independent and time-dependent terminal pair reliability, k-terminal reliability, and all-terminal reliability comprehensively and quantitatively, and we compare these measures of the proposed topology with AFDX in three scenarios. The evaluations show that in the structural robustness analysis, when no nodes are removed, the natural connectivity of the proposed topology with 10 nodes, 16 nodes, and 20 nodes is 77.8%, 26.95%, and 81.39% higher than that of AFDX, respectively. In the time-independent reliability analysis, when the link reliability is 0.9, terminal pair reliability of the proposed topology with 10 nodes, 16 nodes, and 20 nodes is 5.78%, 17.75%, and 34.65% higher than that of AFDX, respectively; k-terminal reliability is 10.04%, 31.97%, and 53.74% higher than that of AFDX, respectively; and all-terminal reliability is 29.36%, 74.37%, and 107.91% higher than that of AFDX, respectively. In the time-dependent reliability analysis, when the operating time is 8000 h, the terminal pair reliability of the proposed topology with 10 nodes, 16 nodes, and 20 nodes is 3.53%, 10.87%, and 21.08% higher than that of AFDX, respectively; the k-terminal reliability is 6.20%, 19.65%, and 32.58% higher than that of AFDX, respectively; and the all-terminal reliability is 18.25%, 45.04%, and 63.86% higher than that of AFDX, respectively. The proposed topology increases the redundant paths of data transmission. It ensures reliable data transmission and has high robustness and reliability. It provides a new idea for improving the reliability of industrial buses.
This work solves an urgent and important nationally-economic problem: the methodology of creating hardware and software for scalable fault-tolerant intelligent control systems for robotic complexes has been developed. This methodology provides a significant reduction in the development time of fault-tolerant control systems for robots and robotic complexes with high technical and economic characteristics with the possibility of continuous scaling and upgrading throughout their lifecycle, and also leads to simplification of bilateral exchange of intellectual activity results between different areas of robotics, including solutions built on domestic and foreign element base. The main results of the thesis are: a conceptual model of hardware-software support of fault-tolerant scalable intelligent control system on a unified element base; method of resource-efficient implementation of basic technologies of intelligent control and information processing based on pulse mathematical operations; method of resource-efficient implementation of FPGA-based matrix calculations, including Kalman filtering algorithms; method of automated synthesis and verification of hardware-software The thesis has been widely implemented in various industries in 10 organizations as part of 18 R&D projects. The results of implementation, its cumulative volume, as well as the diversification of industries in which successful implementation was carried out, indicate the achievement of the goal of the thesis work both in terms of reducing the development time while achieving high technical and economic performance, and in terms of ensuring technology conversion between different areas of robotics.
The article formulates the problem of constructing an on-board switched network of minimal complexity (total length of cables) necessary for transmitting a set of periodic messages in real time, and proposes an algorithm for its solution. The algorithm combines greedy criteria with limited enumeration, and builds the network structure and the set of virtual links for messages transmission. Experimental evaluation results for the proposed algorithm are also presented.
