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Source publication
The paper presents a set of glass fragments excavated at several different
locations within and outside the late Roman fortified imperial residence
Felix Romuliana (Gamzigrad, Serbia). This small group of eighteen fragments
and mosaic glass tesserae are distinguished by their cobalt blue colour. The
majority of the finds are mosaic tesserae (six pc...
Contexts in source publication
Context 1
... JOVANOVIĆ, Anastasia CHOLAKOVA, Stefan POP-LAZIĆ, Ian C. FREESTONE, Maja ŽIVKOVIĆ The Blues of Romuliana (207-230) Tesserae have visible cuts and tool marks on the surface. Traces of a secondary exposure to heat are evi dent on one piece (Fig. 5, FR 17). None of these finds was found in the context of a (preserved) mosaic floor. Four pieces were found inside Room 1 and northeast of it, outside the room. As they were discovered in the immediate proximity of the glass furnace, we may assume, with caution, their connection to secondary glass production, since tesserae could be used as a ...
Context 2
... the heterogeneity of the glassworking waste samples provides further evidence about the mixed remelting carried out at Romuliana -the different components of the melt were not well homogenized, and this is the reason for the significant scattering of the individual EPMA measurements of these samples, specifically the calculated higher coefficient of variation (Figs 14 and 15). The most pronounced heterogeneity, also evident in the macroscopic appearance, is found in sample FR 11 -an unworked chunk with adhered fired clay from the walls of a production installation/crucible (Fig. 7), i.e. an area at the very edge of the melt where complete homogenization was not feasible. ...
Context 3
... sheets (FR 1-3, FR 12), the two window panes (FR 5, FR 6) and two of the four production debris pieces (FR 7, FR 9). The most tightly clustered group of the tesserae probably indicates that the four mosaic cubes were cut from one and the same cake, and/or that the tessera glass was better homogenised, compared to the other groups of finds (Fig. 15). The clusters of the sectilia sheets and the window panes demonstrate a more dispersed pattern, while the two glass working waste pieces seem even more heterogeneous, as discussed ...
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Citations
... Relatively elevated amounts of Fe, Cu, and Ni were also detected in these samples. These chemical elements originate in the Co-minerals intentionally added to the glass to provide a typical blue color, and in the associated iron and copper minerals Jovanović et al. 2021). Other chemical elements detected in high concentrations in these blue samples are Sb and Pb; such relatively high amounts might be explained as Sbdecolorized raw glass was likely used as a starting point, glass that was further colored blue through the addition of some Co-containing compounds. ...
This paper reports and discusses the typological characteristics and chemical composition of 93 Roman glass fragments discovered in the Roman fort and baths from Mălăieşti, Prahova County, Romania, dated to AD 102-118. The elemental analysis was performed by simultaneous external particle-induced X-ray emission (PIXE) and particle-induced gamma-ray emission (PIGE) at the AGLAE accelerator from the basement of the Louvre Palace, Paris, France. This study is part of a larger project, targeting the understanding of the daily life in a military fort at the fringes of the Roman world. The compo-sitional data on glass finds allowed for discussions on the raw materials, the provenance, and the manufacturing techniques. The archaeometric investigations of these Roman glass items pointed to a rich palette of chemical types of glass, offering circumstantial indicators on the connections of this rather remote site with the rest of the empire during the early second century AD.
