Figure 1 - uploaded by Claudia Troise
Content may be subject to copyright.
Morphological map of the Campi Flegrei caldera. The lines (dashed and solid, respectively, for CI and NYT) are the caldera limits as proposed by different authors. CFDDP drilling site (larger red star) is shown, together with the deep boreholes drilled by ENEL-AGIP (SV1, SV3, MF1, MF5) and SAFEN (CF23) companies (smaller red stars) and two shallower boreholes (smaller yellow stars)
Source publication
Large calderas are the most dangerous volcanoes on the Earth. They are
produced by collapse during explosive super-eruptions, which are capable
of triggering global catastrophes comparable to large meteorite impacts.
The mechanisms of unrest and eruption at calderas are at a large extent
unknown and, as demonstrated by volcanological research in th...
Contexts in source publication
Context 1
... produces an unreliable evaluation of the actual hazard of the active calderas. A well-known case study is the caldera of Campi Flegrei in southern Ita- ly (Figure 1), which was produced by large volume eruptions at ca. 39 ka (Campanian Ignimbrite, CI, VEI 5 7) [Fedele et al., 2008] and ca. 15 ka (Neapolitan Yellow Tuff, NYT, VEI 5 6) [Deino et al., 2004]. ...
Context 2
... borehole was drilled in 2012 in the 2 km 2 old steel factory site in Bagnoli (western Naples) and nearby the Posillipo hill (Figure 1), which represents one of the most well-recognized morphological limit of the cal- dera, possibly related to the collapse during the caldera-forming eruptions. ...
Context 3
... on the age and lithologic similarity, it can be attributed to the NYT sequence and/or the pyroclastic sequence immediately below it. The closest NYT outcrop mostly constitutes the tectonic cliff of the Posillipo hill, <1 km east of the CFDDP site (Figure 1). Here the NYT is a ca. 100 m thick pyroclastic sequence that, consistently, also (i) includes a few tens of meters of scoria levels or lenses and greenish tuff clasts [Rittmann, 1950] and (ii) overlaps the Trentaremi volcano [ca. ...
Context 4
... support for the chronology presented here derives from the Sr-isotope ratio of the bottom of the core as already reported and suggested by Mormone et al. [2015]. The ratio is, in fact, 0.707528 6 4, i.e., comparable with ratios known for the lava domes under- lying the CI at the Mofete wells (see MF5 and MF1 in Figure 1 for location). Therefore, based on previous qualitative reconstructions [Rosi and Sbrana, 1987;Piochi et al., 2014], the depth of the CI is possibly deeper (700 m) at Mofete than it is at the Bagnoli drilling site, ca. ...
Context 5
... regional tumes- cence before the CI eruption has been actually hypothesized by Luongo et al. [1991]. In the hypothesis a CI collapse occurred here, it is clear from our data that the drilling site would be anyway very close to the cal- dera structural rim, as formerly hypothesized by Rosi and Sbrana [1987] (Figure 1) and supported by seismic data and gravimetric anomalies [Capuano and Achauer, 2003]. In this case, the small amount of collapse, basically related to NYT, would further indicate a differential collapse mechanism, in which the amount of collapse progressively increases from the borders towards the centre caldera, likely in the late phases of the eruption. ...
Context 6
... collapsed area for CI eruption, as from our data, should be reduced by 64 km 2 at least, moving the east CI caldera rim about 8 km inward with respect to the models that incorporate the main part of the city of Naples [i.e., Orsi et al., 1996]. The CI caldera rim inferred from our drilling data is possibly closer to that pro- posed by Rosi and Sbrana [1987] or Vitale and Isaia [2014] (Figure 1). The lack of co-ignimbrite breccia local- ly, cannot be unambiguously interpreted, due to the spatial limitation of drilling and/or the drilling technique, which does not favor the identification of such rock types. ...
Context 7
... borehole data do not support a collapse extending toward the central city and Gulf of Naples with an hypothesized drop of 1500 m and also show that the drilling site is very close to the caldera border (Fig- ure 1). The low amount of collapses recorded here, with a maximum drop of 250 m for the NYT eruption, indicates a complex mechanism of collapse that cannot be attributed to a simple piston-like model. ...
Similar publications
During an eruptive event, the near-real-time monitoring of volcanic explosion onset and its mass flow rate (MFR) is a key factor to predict ash plume dispersion and to mitigate risk to air traffic. Microwave (MW) weather radars have proved to be a fundamental instrument to derive eruptive source parameters. We extend this capability to include an e...
From December 2002 to July 2003, Stromboli volcano was characterized by a new effusive stage of eruption after a period of extraordinary strombolian activity. Signals recorded in two continuous monitoring stations during the eruption, which have already been presented in very recent papers, evidenced anomalies in the CO2 flux just before the onset...
En este trabajo se reconstruye y analiza, desde un enfoque vulcanológico e histórico, la fase eruptiva de 1917-1921 del volcán Irazú con base en fuentes hemerográficas, documentales, técnico-científicas e históricas. Los resultados son coherentes con la tefroestratigrafía conocida y se agregan elementos nuevos, tales como: la ocurrencia de erupcion...
Establishing a quantitative link between magmatic processes occurring at depth and volcanic eruption dynamics is essential to forecast the future behaviour of volcanoes, and to correctly interpret monitoring signals at active centres. Chemical zoning in minerals, which captures successive events or states within a magmatic system, can be exploited...
Many of the grand challenges in volcanic and magmatic research are focused on understanding the dynamics of highly heterogeneous systems and the critical conditions that enable magmas to move or eruptions to initiate. From the formation and development of magma reservoirs, through propagation and arrest of magma, to the conditions in the conduit, g...
